The Time Traveler's Guide to Medieval England: A Handbook for Visitors to the Fourteenth Century (58 page)

Hungary,
258

Hunstanton,
304

hunting,
65
,
80
,
119
,
258
–61,
301

with dogs,
259
–60

falconers,
260

with falcons and hawks,
141
,
149
,
152
,
162
,
260
–61

huntsmen and fewterers,
160
,
259

with nets,
173
,
260

with slings,
116
,
173
. See also coneys; hares; wildfowl

Huntingdon, Earl of,
156

Huntingdonshire,
33
,
218
,
295

husbandmen,
43

Hyde Abbey,
296

hygiene. See baths and bathing; cleaning; sanitation

hypocras. See wine

Iceland,
82

Icknield Way 126

identity,
86
–88

immigration, urban,
21
,
50

incomes of: bishops,
45

carpenters,
98
–99

carters,
53

churchwardens,
68

esquires,
43
,
105

gentlemen,
43
,
105

harvest workers,
100

knights,
41
,
104

laborers,
53
,
98
,
99
,
177

lawyers,
101

masons,
100
–101

merchants,
42
,
43
,
53
,
105

monasteries,
47

noblemen,
41
,
104

peasants,
51

physicians,
101

servants,
101

thatchers,
100

thatchers’ mates,
100

tilers,
100

traders,
53

India,
72
,
73

indulgences, 76,
129
,
169

infangenthef,
227
–28

infirmarers. See monasteries

inflation, 97,
167

Inge, John,
241

injuries,
37
–38,
63
,
191
,
194
,
214
,
234
,
258
,
263
. See also bonesetting; diseases; surgery

inns, innkeepers,
9
,
12
,
16
,
23
,
24
,
85
,
119
,
123
,
131
,
144
–47,
152
,
161
,
180
,
233

cost of hostelry 147

Ipswich,
11
,
252

Ireland,
60
,
72

duke of. See Vere, Robert de

Irish Sea,
123
,
135

iron. See metal

Isabella, Queen,
19
,
41
,
57
,
71
,
106
,
211
,
239
,
241
,
272
,
295
,
311

Isle of Wight,
140

Islington,
124

Israelites,
271

Italy Italians,
44
,
168
,
201
,
271
,
274
,
284

itinerant poor. See vagrants ivory 212

Japan,
276

jelly 182,
184

Jerusalem,
72
,
82
,
141
,
267
,
276

jesters,
52
. See also Bernard the Fool

jeu
de paume
,
231
, 263

jewels, jewelers,
15
,
20
,
92
,
104
,
105
,
106
,
112
–13,
118
–19,
267

pearls,
106
,
107
,
119
,
228
,
300

significance of,
118
–19

worn by men,
119
.
See also
brooches; clasps; goldsmiths; livery; silversmiths

John II, king of France,
140

John, king of England, 77,
128
,
197
,
238

John of Gaunt,
19
,
41
,
155
,
159
,
295

John of Salisbury,
74

John the Baptist,
74

Joseph of Arimathea,
269

jousts,
19
,
37
,
120
,
121
,
133
,
247
,
255
–58,
309

of war,
257
–58,
310

judges,
12
,
49
,
56
,
68
,
70
,
221
–23,
234
–35,
237
–38,
241
–43,
245
. See also

Justices of the Peace

jugglers,
16
,
52
,
53
,
251

jugs,
151
,
156
,
162
,
166
,
174
. See also ewers; flagons

jurors,
38
,
51

Justices of the Peace,
221
,
238
–39

Keepers of the Peace,
238
,
242

Kenfig,
308

Kenilworth,
155

Kennington,
254

Kent,
25
,
31
,
33
,
75
,
174
,
237
,
238

King’s Evil. See diseases

King’s Langley 84,
248

King’s Lynn. See Lynn

Kingsland,
205

Kingston upon Hull,
11

kinship networks, 69

Kirkstall Abbey,
153

kissing,
91

kitchens,
116
,
117
,
143
,
149
,
153
,
154
,
155
,
158
,
159
,
162
,
185
,
186
,
195
,
254

kneeling,
89

Knighton, Henry, 97,
204
,
207
–8

knights,
10
,
14
,
15
,
37
,
38
,
40
–11,
42
,
51
,
65
–66, 67,
80
,
81
,
88
,
108
,
197
,
240
,
243
,
254
,
256
–58,
260
,
276
,
278
,
280

chamber,
160

clothes of,
104
,
266

fighting overseas,
72

permitted to wear swords,
121

physical strength of,
120

Knights Hospitaller,
42
,
46

Knights Templar,
28
,
42
,
46
,
225

Knightsbridge,
22
,
205

knitting,
117

knives,
10
,
117
,
121
,
132
,
189
,
241
,
263

carving,
182

Königsberg,
72

Kyteler, Alice, 76

La Tour Landry, knight of,
247

laborers, laboring,
43
,
50
,
51
,
53
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
115
,
170
,
175
,
232
,
239

Lake District,
128
–29

lamb.
See
sheep

Lambeth,
70

Lammastide,
172

Lancashire,
27
,
33
,
280

Lancaster, Blanche of,
252
,
284

Lancaster, Henry (d. 1345), Earl of,
63
,
241

Lancaster, Henry (d. 1361), as earl of Derby 257

Lancaster, Henry (d. 1361), duke of,
65
,
183

Lancaster, Henry of.
See
Henry IV

Lancaster, John (d. 1399), duke of. See John of

Gaunt

lances,
120
,
121
,
256
,
258

Langland, WiËiam,
172
,
247
,
252
,
275
,
279
–80,
292
. See
also
Piers Plowman

Langley See King’s

Langley languages,
10
,
79
–82

lanterns,
85
,
132
,
141
,
161

lastage,
130

latches,
166

Lateran Council: Fourth (1215),
210

Third (1179),
204

Latin,
10
,
81
–82,
213
,
272
–73,
276
,
278

Latini, Bruno,
272

latrines, privies,
13
,
14
,
30
,
127

in castles (garderobe),
161
,
162

in inns,
146

in monasteries,
153
,
161

in rural houses,
165

on ships,
141
,
142
. See
also
close-stools; gongfermors

Latthere, Richard and Emma de,
234

lavender,
146
,
171
,
198

law, the: common law,
234
–35,
239

customary

laws. See manorial customs; town ordinances. See
also
courts; judges;

lawyers; Magna Carta;
specific statutes

Lawrence. Master,
211
lawyers,
43
,
52
,
68
,
100
,
101
,
177
,
280
. See
also
judges

lay brethren,
186
,
188

laying out the dead,
58
le Bel, Jean. See Bel

leather, leatherwork 12,
15
,
23
,
93
–94,
116
,
118
,
121
,
134

calfskin,
115

Cordovan,
110

flasks of,
132
. See
also
cordwainers

leeches,
215

leeks. See vegetables

Leicester,
11
,
26
,
94
,
98
,
154
,
241
–42,
252

Leicestershire,
241
–42

lemons. See fruit

Lent,
169
,
183
,
184
,
187
,
188

Léon, Hervé de,
140

Leonardo da Vinci,
78

leopards,
18

lepers, leprosy. See diseases

leyrwite,
227

libraries,
18
,
272
–75. See
also
books

licenses to crenellate,
154
–55

Lichfield,
39
,
269
,
296

life expectancy. See longevity

lighthouses,
140

lily of the valley, 65

limewash,
30

Lincoln,
11
,
133
,
252

bishop of,
309

Cathedral,
18
,
268
,
269

diocese of,
70
,
203
,
296

Lincolnshire,
27
,
116
,
138
,
241
,
249

Lindisfarne,
269

linen. See cloth

linseed,
212

lions,
18

Lisle, Alice de,
228

Lisle, William de,
308

literacy 9,
58
,
67
–68,
243
,
297

Lithuania,
71
,
72
,
82

litters,
134
–35,
153

Little, John,
274

livery,
103
,
156
,
162
,
231

collars,
119

necklaces,
119

livestock 12,
21
,
23
,
51
,
92
, 97,
167
. See
also
cattle; goats; meat; pigs; sheep

Llandaff, diocese of,
296

Llywelyn Bren,
236

lobsters. See fish

locks,
163
,
166

logic,
67

London,
1
,
11
,
12
,
16
–22,
53
,
64
,
72
,
75
,
84
,
85
,
87
,
100
,
102
–3,
121
,
128
,
130
,
132
,
149
,
154
,
177
,
179
,
197
,
201
,
202
–3,
205
,
206
,
220
,
228
–29,
234
,
252
,
254
,
277
,
278
,
283
,
284
,
299
,
301

aldermen,
22
,
228
–29,
238

Aldgate,
288
,
307

Allhallows on the Wall,
245

bishops of, 66,
245