The War of the Jewels (44 page)

(3) In the Narn version of the story of the Battle of Unnumbered Tears the leader of the men of Brethil is Hundar (pp. 166, 168).

(4) In a late alteration to the GA version of the story (see p. 133, commentary on $221) the sentence 'many of the woodmen came also with Hundor of Brethil' was changed to 'came also with Haldir and Hundar'.

(6) In the genealogical table of the Haladin both Haldir, son of Halmir and leader of the Haladin after his father's death, and his brother Hundar, are shown as having been slain in the Nirnaeth in the year 472.

It is seen therefore that when Hundar son of Halmir became Haldir, the name Hundar was not lost but was given to a brother of Haldir; and both went to the battle and both were slain. This is expressly stated in The Wanderings of Hurin (p. 281 and note 37); and indeed the line of Hundar is of great importance in that tale.

Handir, son of Haldir, retained his name from far back; but the original story of his death in the battle of Tumhalad in 495 had been changed: he was slain in Brethil earlier in that year by 'Orcs that invaded his land' (GA $275). On his marriage with Beldis of the House of Beor see p. 268.

Hunthor was Turin's companion in the attack on Glaurung, killed by a falling stone (Unfinished Tales, p. 134); called Torbarth in GA (see p. 156).

Most of the later changes made to this table relate closely to the story of The Wanderings of Hurin, and these I neglect here. Of other alterations, one has been mentioned already (commentary on $28, p. 228): Hardan son of Haldar (twin brother of the Lady Haleth) was changed to Haldan, and this name was adopted in the published Silmarillion; but also pencilled against Hardan (either before or after the change to Haldan) is the name Harathor (the name repeated in his descendant, the seventh leader of the Haladin, four generations later).

- The birth-dates of Hundar and Hareth were changed to 418 and 420; and Hundar's daughter Hunleth was an addition, though probably of the time of the making of the table.

Pencilled on a corner of the page is: 'Hal- in old language of this people = head, chief. bar = man. Halbar = chieftain'; at the same time my father wrote 'b' against the name Haldar (Haleth's brother) and perhaps very faintly struck out the 'd' of this name: sc. Halbar. On this see p. 309.

15. OF THE RUIN OF BELERIAND AND THE

FALL OF FINGOLFIN.

We come now to Chapter 11 in QS, given in V.279-89. The text was not much emended on the manuscript, and I give such changes as were made in the form of notes referenced to the numbered paragraphs in Vol.V.

$134. Bladorion > Ard-galen and subsequently.

'fires of many colours, and the fume stank upon the air' > 'fires of many poisonous hues, and the fume thereof stank upon the air'

Dor-na-Fauglith > Dor-no-Fauglith

Dagor Vreged-sir > Dagor Bragollach

'the Battle of Sudden Fire' > 'the Battle of Sudden Flame' (and subsequently)

$137. 'In that battle King Inglor Felagund was cut off from his folk and surrounded by the Orcs, and he would have been slain ...' >

'surrounded by the Orcs in the Fen of Serech betwixt Mithrim and Dorthonion, and there he would have been slain'. The Fen of Rivil, changed to Fen of Serech, was added to the second map (p. 181, $3), and the latter name occurs several times in GA.

$138. 'fled now from Dorthonion' > 'fled away from Dorthonion'

'it was after called by the Gnomes Taur-na-Fuin, which is Mirkwood, and Delduwath, Deadly Nightshade' > 'it was after called by the Dark-elves Taur-na-Fuin, which is Mirkwood, but by the Gnomes Delduwath, Deadly Nightshade'

$141. 'Celegorn and Curufin ... sought harbour with their friend Orodreth' > '... sought harbour with Inglor and Orodreth'. See V.289, $141.

$142. 'or the wild of South Beleriand' > 'nor to Taur-im-Duinath and the wilds of the south'. On Taur-im-Duinath see p. 193, $108, and p. 195, $113.

$143 'Sauron was the chief servant of the evil Vala, whom he had suborned to his service in Valinor from among the people of the gods. He was become a wizard of dreadful power, master of necromancy, foul in wisdom' > 'Now Sauron, whom the Noldor call Gorthu, was the chief servant of Morgoth. In Valinor he had dwelt among the people of the gods, but there Morgoth had drawn him to evil and to his service. He was become now a sorcerer of dreadful power, master of shadows and of ghosts, foul in wisdom'.

On this passage, and the name Gorthu, see V.333, 338, and the commentary on QS $143 (V.290).

In the footnote to this paragraph Tol-na-Gaurhoth > Tol-in-Gaurhoth (cf. GA $154 and commentary, pp. 54, 125).

$144. In 'for though his might is greatest of all things in this world, alone of the Valar he knows fear' the words 'is' and 'knows' were changed to 'was' and 'knew'.

$147. 'for sorrow; but the tale of it is remembered, for Thorondor, king of eagles, brought the tidings to Gondolin, and to Hithlum. For Morgoth' > 'for their sorrow is too deep. Yet the tale of it is remembered still, for Thorondor, king of eagles, brought the tidings to Gondolin, and to Hithlum afar off. Lo! Morgoth'

Gochressiel > Crisaegrim (see V.290, $147).

$149. 'And most the Gnomes feared' > 'And ever the Gnomes feared most'.

$151. 'Dwarfs' > 'Dwarves'.

All these changes were taken up into the early typescript LQ 1 (in which the footnotes to $$143, 156 were as usual incorporated in the text, and so remained). LQ 1 received no emendation from my father, not even the correction of misspelt names and other errors. These errors reappear in the late typescript of the LQ 2 series, showing that in this case the typist did not work from the manuscript. To the text in LQ 2 my father gave the chapter-number 'XVIII' (see p. 215), and made the following emendations.

$134. Dor-no-Fauglith (changed from Dor-na-Fauglith on the manuscript, as noted above) > Dor-nu-Fauglith; a translation of the name added in a footnote 'That is Land under Choking Ash'; and 'in the Noldorin tongue' (where LQ 1 had 'in the Gnomish tongue') >

'in the Sindarin tongue'.

Eredwethion > Eredwethrin (and subsequently) $135. Glomund > Glaurung (and subsequently). See p. 180, $104.

$137. Finrod > Finarfin (this change was missed in $144).

'Bregolas, son of Beor [the typescript has Breor, a mere error j going back to LQ 1], who was lord of that house of men after his father's death' > 'Bregolas, son of Bregor ... after Boromir his father's death'. This accommodates the text to the new genealogy that came in with the new chapter Of the Coming of Men into the West. That was extant in the LQ 2 series, but for the present chapter my father gave the typist the old LQ 1 text to copy.

Inglor > Finrod (and subsequently)

'Barahir son of Beor' > 'Barahir son of Bregor'

$138. Taur-na-Fuin > Taur-nu-Fuin (cf. GA $158 and commentary, pp. 56, 126).

$139. The name Arthod of one of the companions of Barahir had been misspelt Arthrod by the typist of LQ 1, and this error surviving into LQ 2 was not observed by my father. In GA ($159, p. 56) the name is Arthad, which was adopted in the published Silmarillion.

$140. Gumlin > Galdor and subsequently (see p. 229, $32); the intervening name Galion, appearing in GA ($127), was here jumped.

$141. 'sought harbour with Inglor and Orodreth' (see p. 239, $141)

> 'sought harbour with Finrod and Orodreth'

$142. Cranthir > Caranthir

Damrod and Diriel > Amrod and Amras

$143. Now Sauron, whom the Noldor call Gorthu (see p. 239, $143) > 'Now Sauron, whom the Sindar call Gorthaur'

'In Valinor he had dwelt among the people of the Valar, but there Morgoth had drawn him to evil and to his service' (see p. 239, $143; LQ 1 has 'gods'): this was struck out.

$147. In 'Morgoth goes ever halt of one foot since that day, and the pain of his wounds cannot be healed; and in his face is the scar that Thorondor made' the words 'goes', 'since', 'cannot', and 'is' were changed to 'went', 'after', 'could not', and 'was'. Cf. p. 239, $144.

$151. Borlas and Boromir and Borthandos > Borlad and Borlach and Borthand. In GA, in a passage extant in two versions, appear both Borthandos and Borthand (pp. 61, 64), the other names remaining as in QS. Here Borlad replaces Borlas and Borlach replaces Boromir, which latter had become the name of the fourth ruler of the People of Beor.

$152. 'Yet Haleth and his men' > 'Yet the People of Haleth'

Haleth > Halmir (and subsequently); at the first occurrence >

'Halmir Lord of the Haladin'. For Halmir see p. 236 and the genealogical table of the Haladin on p. 237.

$153. Since no alteration to this passage in QS had ever been made, at this late date the LQ 2 typescript still retained the old story that it was Haleth the Hunter and his fosterson Hurin who, hunting in the vale of Sirion in the autumn of the year of the Battle of Sudden Flame (455), came upon the entrance into Gondolin. That story had already been altered in the Grey Annals ($149), in that Hurin's companion had become Haleth's grandson Handir, and in a long rider inserted into the Annals ($$161-6, and see the commentary, pp. 126-7) it had been much further changed: Hurin's companion was now his brother Huor, and it was their presence (as fostersons of Haleth) among the Men of Brethil in the battle against the Orcs three years later (458) that led to their coming to Gondolin. The only alterations that my father made to the passage in LQ 2, however, were the replacement of Gumlin by Galdor and Haleth by Halmir - thus retaining the long since rejected story while substituting the new names that had entered with the chapter Of the Coming of Men into the West. This was obviously not his intention (probably he altered the names rapidly throughout the chapter without considering the content in this paragraph), and indeed he marked the passage in the margin with an X and noted against it 'This is incorrect story. See Annals and tale of Turin'. This treatment may have been due to haste, or disinclination to deal with the text at that time; but it possibly implies uncertainty as to how he should relate the content of the Quenta Silmarillion at this point to the same material appearing in closely similar form both in the Grey Annals and in the Narn: see pp. 165 ff. In the published work the old text of QS $153 was replaced by that of GA $$161-6 (with a different ending: see p. 169).

Two alterations made hastily to the QS manuscript are not found in the typescripts. The first of these concerns the opening of $133: 'But when the sons of the sons of the Fathers of Men were but newly come to manhood'; this referred to the second generation after Beor, Hador, and Haleth according to the old genealogies, i.e. Baragund, Belegund, Beren; Hurin, Huor; Handir of Brethil. When correcting the LQ 2 text my father had not observed the need to correct this in the light of the revised history of the Edain in Beleriand, and when he did recognise it he made the change only on the QS manuscript, thus: But when the fifth generation of Men after Beor and Marach were not yet come to full manhood

Even so, the change is not quite as is to be expected; for in the fifth generation after Beor and Marach were Bregolas, Barahir; Gundor, Galdor. There is of course no question that the men referred to are not these, but their sons - and even so the new reading 'not yet come to full manhood' is hardly suitable to Baragund and Belegund, who according to the changed dates in the genealogical table (pp. 231-2) were at this time 35 and 33 years old. At any rate it seems clear that

'fifth' was an error for 'sixth'.

The other alteration made to QS only, and obviously made much earlier than that just given, was an addition to the end of $137, after the words 'he [Felagund] gave to Barahir his ring'.

But fearing now that all strong places were doomed to fall at last before the might of Morgoth, he sent away his wife Meril to her own folk in Eglorest, and with her went their son, yet an elvenchild, and Gilgalad Starlight he was called for the brightness of his eye.

Felagund's wife Meril has not been named before, nor any child of his; and this is the first appearance of Gil-galad from The Lord of the Rings. Another note on the subject is found in the QS manuscript near the opening of the 'short' (i.e. condensed) version of the tale of Beren and Luthien (see V.293), pencilled rapidly at the foot of a page but clearly referring to the statement in the text that Felagund gave the crown of Nargothrond to Orodreth before his departure with Beren (The Silmarillion p. 170):

But foreseeing evil he commanded Orodreth to send away his son Gilgalad, and wife.

This was struck out; and somewhat further on in the tale of Beren and Luthien in the same version is a third hasty note, without direction for insertion but evidently referring to the passage in which Orodreth expelled Celegorn and Curufin from Nargothrond (The Silmarillion p. 176):

But the Lady wife of Inglor forsook the folk of Nargothrond and went with her son Gilgalad to the Havens of the Falas.

A blank space is here left for the name of Felagund's wife. In each of these mentions, taking them in sequence, her departure is displaced to a later point; but of course they need not have been written in that sequence (although the third presumably replaced the second, which was struck out). On the other hand it seems very unlikely that the three additions do not belong together, though there seems to be no way of discovering with certainty when they were written. - It may also be noticed that a later correction to the old AB 2 manuscript changed the sentence in the concluding annal (V.144) 'But Elrond the Half-elfin remained, and ruled in the West of the world' to 'But Elrond the Half-elven remained with Gilgalad son of Inglor Felagund who ruled in the West of the world.'