The Wives: The Women Behind Russia's Literary Giants (46 page)

111.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, 165.

112.

Dostoevskys’ father was killed on his estate by serfs.

113.

Fyodor Dostoevsky: Complete Letters
, vol. 3, 341.

114.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, 170–71.

115.

Ibid.

116.

Ibid., 184.

117.

The first chloroform narcosis in Russia was tested by Nikolai Pirogov in 1847. The anesthetic was first applied during surgeries in 1848.

118.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, 199.

119.

Ibid., 183.

120.

Ibid., 216.

121.

Ibid., 218.

122.

Quoted in Joseph Frank,
The Mantle of the Prophet
: 1871–1881, 202.

123.

Fyodor Dostoevsky: Complete Letters
, Vol. 4, 39–40.

124.

Ibid., 148.

125.

Ibid., 84–85.

126.

Ibid., 86.

127.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, 238.

128.

AD letter to FD, July 26, 1873. F.M. Dostoevsky, A.G. Dostoevskaia,
Perepiska
(Leningrad: Nauka, 1976), 110–11. Unless otherwise indicated, Anna’s letters to Dostoevsky come from this source. Translation is by the author.

129.

AD letter to FD, August 16, 1873.

130.

Fyodor Dostoevsky: Complete Letters
, Vol. 4, 317.

131.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, 191.

132.

Ibid., 238–39.

133.

Fyodor Dostoevsky: Complete Letters
, Vol. 4, 199.

134.

AD letter to FD, February 12, 1875.

135.

AD letter to FD, June 22, 1874.

136.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, 258.

137.

AD letter to FD, June 21, 1875.

138.

AD letter to FD, June 22, 1874.

139.

FD letter to AD, July 9 (June 27), 1876. F.M. Dostoevsky, A.G. Dostoevskaia, Perepiska, 208.

140.

AD letter to FD, July 18, 1876.

141.

Fyodor Dostoevsky: Complete Letters
, vol. 4, 303.

142.

Alyosha Dostoevsky, their younger son, who was eleven months at the time.

143.

Fyodor Dostoevsky: Complete Letters
, vol. 4, 316.

144.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, 264.

145.

Anna began to collect stamps at 21, in Dresden. According to her
Reminiscences
, she did not buy a single stamp for her extensive collection, but simply took them off envelopes. The fate of her collection is unknown.

146.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, 270. Unless otherwise specified, all citations referring to Dostoevskys’ final years and his death come from this source.

147.

Fyodor Dostoevsky: Complete Letters
, Vol. 5, 233.

148.

Joseph Frank,
The Mantle of the Prophet: 1871–1881
, 525.

149.

Fyodor Dostoevsky: Complete Letters
, Vol. 5, 236.

150.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, 337.

151.

Anna tells this story in her
Reminiscences
; however, what exactly triggered Dostoevskys’ hemorrhage is unknown.

152.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, 349.

153.

As Dostoevsky had written Maikov, he had become “an uncompromising monarchist when it comes to Russia.” Joseph Frank,
Dostoevsky: The Miraculous Years (1865–71)
, 279.

154.

Sergey Belov,
Zhena pisatelya
(Moskva: Sovetskaya Rossiaya, 1986), 157.

155.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, 384.

156.

Leonid Grossman’s words.

157.

This house perished during World War II.

158.

Sergey Belov,
Zhena pisatelya
, 171.

159.

Ibid.

160.

Leonid Grossman, “A.G. Dostoevskaya i ee vospominaniya.” In
Vospominaniya A.G. Dostoevskoy
(Moskva: Gosudarstvennoe izdatel’stvo, 1925), 12–14.

161.

Anna Dostoevsky,
Dostoevsky: Reminiscences
, xii.

162.

Sergey Belov,
Zhena pisatelya
, 176.

163.

Leonid Mironovich Leonidov, actor and stage director (1871–1941).

164.

Sergey Belov,
Zhena pisatelya
, 193.

165.

Ibid., 194.

166.

Ibid., 199.

167.

In five days, from March 8 to 12, 1917, a mass movement in Petrograd overturned the tsarist government.

168.

Vospominaniya A.G. Dostoevskoy
, 16.

169.

Ibid., 14.

170.

Sergey Belov,
Zhena pisatelya
, 200.

171.

Andrei Dostoevsky, “Anna Dostoevskaya,” Journal
Zhenshchiny mira
(
Women of the World
), No. 10, 1963.

172.

Russian State Library, Manuscript Department, F. 93, 3, 59 a. Translation is by the author.

173.

AD letter to F.F. Dostoevsky, February 6, 1918, F. 93, 3, 59 a.

174.

The Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy
, 27.

175.

Tatyana Tolstoy,
Tolstoy Remembered
, trans. Derek Coltman (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1977), 275.

176.

Sophia’s mother and uncles were technically illegitimate and could not inherit the family name, Islenev. Instead, they received an improvised name Islavin.

177.

O. Yu. Safonova,
Rod Bersov v Rossii
(Moskva: Entsiklopedia syol i dereven, 1999), 19–20.

178.

Nikolai Rubinstein, founder of the Moscow Conservatory and pianist, conductor, and composer; he was a younger brother of Anton Rubinstein, who founded the Petersburg Conservatory.

179.

Sophia Tolstoy,
My Life
, Part 1. This memoir will be quoted from the original manuscript kept at the Tolstoy State Museum in Moscow. (GMT, f. 47, parts 1–8). Translation is by the author.

180.

Tatyana Kuzminskaia,
Tolstoy As I Knew Him: My Life At Home and At Yasnaya Polyana
, trans. Nora Sigerist (New York: Macmillan, 1948), 5.

181.

Sophia Tolstoy,
My Life
, Part 1.

182.

The Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy
, 835.

183.

Sophia Tolstoy,
My Life
, part 1.

184.

Tolstoy’s Diaries
, ed. and trans. R. F. Christian (London: Anthlone, 1985), vol. 1, 164.

185.

Sophia Tolstoy,
My Life
, Part 1.

186.

Leo Tolstoy,
Anna Karenina
, trans. Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (New York: Penguin, 2002), 21.

187.

Tolstoy’s Diaries
, vol. 1, 166.

188.

Sophia Tolstoy,
My Life
, Part 1.

189.

The Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy
, 832.

190.

Ibid.

191.

Ibid., 835.

192.

Sophia Tolstoy,
My Life
, part 1.

193.

The Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy
, 838.

194.

Ibid., 839.

195.

Tatyana Kuzminskaia,
Tolstoy As I Knew Him
, 81–82.

196.

Sophia Tolstoy,
My Life
, Part 1.

197.

Sophia Tolstoy,
Who Is To Blame? Oktyabr´
, No. 10, 1994. Translation is by the author.

198.

The Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy
, 3.

199.

Sophia’s (SA) letter to her sister Tatyana Kuzminskaia (TA), February 13, 1863. Sophia Tolstoy’s correspondence with her sister is held at GMT and is quoted here from this source. Translation is by the author.

200.

The Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy
, 17.

201.

Sophia Tolstoy,
The Autobiography in Dve zheny: Tolstaia i Dostoevskaia
(Berlin, 1925), 15–16.

202.

Leo Tolstoy,
War and Peace
, trans. Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2007), 1157.

203.

The Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy
, 22–23.

204.

Tatyana Kuzminskaia,
Tolstoy As I Knew Him
, 233.

205.

Sophia Tolstoy,
The Autobiography
, 17.

206.

Tolstoy’s Letters
, ed. and trans. R. F. Christian (London: Anthlone, 1978), vol. 1, 182.

207.

LN letter to Alexandrine, July 5, 1865. Translation is by the author.

208.

The Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy
, 41.

209.

SA letter to Tolstoy (LN), November 26, 1864. Sophia’s letters to Tolstoy are quoted from
Pis’ma k Tolstomu: 1862–1910
, ed. P. Popov (Moskva- Leningrad: Academia, 1936). Translation is by the author.

210.

LN letter to SA, December 6, 1864. Unless otherwise specified, Tolstoy’s letters to Sophia are quoted from vols. 83–84 of Tolstoy’s
Complete Collected Works in 90 volumes
, ed. V.G. Chertkov (Moscow-Leningrad, 1928– 58). Later Jubilee Edition.

211.

LN letter to SA, December 4, 1864.

212.

Ibid.

213.

Tolstoy’s Letters
, vol. 1, 190.

214.

An old oak grove on the Yasnaya Polyana estate.

215.

SA letter to LN, December 9, 1864.

216.

Tolstoy’s letters
, vol. 1, 190.

217.

Sophia Tolstoy,
My Life
, Part 2.

218.

Sophia Tolstoy,
The Autobiography
, 14-15.

219.

LN letter to SA, November 14, 1866.

220.

SA letter to LN, November 14, 1866.

221.

The Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy
, 42.

222.

Sophia Tolstoy,
The Autobiography
, 15.

223.

Tolstoy’s Letters
, vol. 1, 220.

224.

The Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy
, 846.

225.

Tolstoy’s Letters
, vol. 1, 222.

226.

LN letter to Fet, October 21, 1869.