Unthinkable (85 page)

Kurds in,
241

Kuwait invaded by,
67
,
78
,
156
,
199
,
241
,
252
,
257
,
339

monitoring and inspection of,
46
,
111
,
143
,
240

naval blockade of,
227

1990s U.S. air strikes on,
96
,
233
,
248
,
251
,
406

nuclear program of,
45
–47,
48
,
50
,
60
,
76
,
184
,
191
,
194
,
199
–200,
202
,
222

political parties in,
93

proto-democracy created in,
70
,
96
,
114

Republican Guard of,
24

sanctions against,
47
,
143
,
151
,
154
–56,
227
,
283
,
371

Scud missile attacks on Israel by,
74
,
212

sectarian conflict in,
26

Shi'a dominance in,
70
,
93
,
114
,
241
,
303

U.S. containment of,
371
–72

U.S.-led occupation and rebuilding of,
xv
,
16
,
206
,
225
,
269
,
271
,
272
,
304
,
346
,
356
,
406
,
492

Western belief in WMDs in,
44
–48,
52

withdrawal of U.S. troops from,
26
,
173

WMDs of,
9
,
46
–47,
69
,
71
,
143
,
151
,
155
,
233
,
292
,
308
,
420
,
449
,
451

see also
Husayn, Saddam; Iran-Iraq War; Persian Gulf War

Iraq Army,
171

Iraq Security Forces,
269

Iraq War,
xiv
,
153
,
406

costs of,
272

lack of planning in,
xv
–xvi,
287

legality of,
244
–45

as Operation Iraqi Freedom,
267

problems in the aftermath of,
xv
,
268
–69

2003 U.S. invasion in,
xv
,
9
,
45
,
47
,
60
,
67
,
99
,
104
,
109
,
114
,
116
,
143
,
199
,
225
,
248
,
257
,
263
,
266
,
267
,
303
–4,
308
,
362

U.S. military surge in,
152
,
269
,
271
,
492

U.S. troops killed in,
33
,
270

Irbil,
248

Islam:

belief in return of the Mahdi in,
67
–68

Israel seen as foe of,
14
–15

militant power of,
215

spreading of revolution as God's will in,
12

see also
Muslims

Islamabad,
73
,
74
,
86

Islamic law:

fatwas issued in,
58
–60

nuclear weapons and,
57
–58

Islamic Revolution, The: A Surge in Political Changes in History
(Mesbah-Yazdi),
61

Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC),
6
–7,
12
,
42
,
62
,
114
,
120
,
203
,
209
,
219
,
274

British forces captured by,
16
,
304

independent actions taken by,
16
–17,
24
,
229
,
305

Kurdish revolt crushed by,
171
–72

power of,
7
,
17
,
242
,
440

purge of moderate government elements by,
21

Quds force of,
24
–26,
69
,
323

terrorist groups supported by,
24
–25

vital roles of,
7
,
273

Israel,
16
,
45
,
69
,
76
,
77
,
89
–90,
96
–97,
114
,
163
,
292
–93

Begin-Sadat Center in,
341

containment of Iran and,
387
–89

covert actions against Iran by,
148
–49,
173

distance between Iran and,
189
–91

economy of,
213
,
214

Egypt and,
90

gross domestic product (GDP) of,
212

intelligence agencies of,
31
,
37
,
51
,
53
,
57
,
87
,
141
,
148
,
202
,
215

Iranian hatred of,
30
–32,
59
,
60
,
72
,
110

Iranian nuclear scientists believed killed by,
148
,
173
,
208

Iranian support for elimination of,
14
–15,
31

Iraq nuclear plant struck by,
184
,
191
,
194
,
199
–202,
240

Iraq Scud missile attacks on,
74
,
212

Lebanon invaded by,
114

map of,
187

1973 October War of,
74
,
298
,
322
–23,
352
,
457

nuclear arsenal of,
31
,
61
,
72
,
73
–74,
84
,
90
,
306
–7,
336
–38,
456

possible strike on Iran by,
xix
,
42
,
55
,
60
,
65
,
72
–73,
104
,
106
,
183
–223,
231
,
235
–36,
254
,
258
,
259
,
289
,
327
,
336
–38,
394
,
477

prisoner exchanges by,
194

public opinion in,
204
,
213
–14,
215
,
216
,
295

restraint on Iran nuclear issue by,
184
–85,
222

Saudi relations with,
86
–87

security in,
214
–15

settlers in,
215

Six Day War of,
81
,
457

Syrian attacks by,
184
,
194
,
246
–47,
398
,
399

terrorist attacks against,
211
–12,
217
,
337

threat of Iranian nuclear program to,
3
,
66
,
68
,
127
–28,
336
–38

2006 Hizballah war with,
210
,
212
,
266
,
317
,
362
,
457

U.S. aid to,
360
,
389

U.S. relations with,
14
–15,
29
,
74
,
84
,
87
,
190
,
204
–7,
216
–21,
291
–92,
300
–301,
320
–21,
352

War of Attrition of,
90
,
457

see also
Arab-Israel conflict

Israel Air Force (IAF),
183
–84,
186
–95

aircraft of,
388

bombs of,
192
–93,
206

suppression of enemy air defenses (SEAD) by,
195

Israel Atomic Energy Commission,
196

Israel Defense Forces (IDF),
57
,
186
,
190
,
207
,
210
,
215
,
216
,
323

Iron Dome antirocket system of,
210
,
212
–13,
350

Operation Pillar of Defense of,
211

special forces (SF) of,
193
–95

Israel Defense Intelligence,
141

Israel Knesset,
306

Italy,
98

Jafari, Mohammad Ali,
203

Jalili, Saeed,
126

Jannati, Ayatollah Ahmad,
23
,
120

Japan,
98
,
99
,
130
,
237
,
245
,
293
,
353
,
374

Jaysh al-Mahdi,
30

Jerusalem,
10
,
24
,
86
–87,
128
,
285

Jews,
31
,
70

ultra-orthodox,
215

Johnson, Lyndon B.,
147

Joint Chiefs of Staff, U.S.,
197

Jordan,
26
,
27
,
188
–89,
227
,
318

Jubeir, Adel al-, failed assassination of,
24
–25,
85
,
217

Kahl, Colin,
75
,
235
,
239

Kahn, Herman,
xix

Kam, Ephraim,
202
,
209

Kargil War of 1999,
298
,
322
,
367
,
378
,
408

Karrubi, Mehdi,
174

Kashani, Ayatollah Abol-Ghasem,
169

Kataib Hizballah,
319

Kayhan
(Iran),
15
,
61
,
133
–34,
137

Kazakhstan,
365

Kennan, George,
282
,
370

Kennedy, John F.,
145
,
322
,
339
,
340
,
345

KGB,
308

Khajehpour, Bijan,
131
,
135
,
154

Khalaji, Mehdi,
58

Khamene'i, Ayatollah Ali,
22
,
33
,
56
,
115
–16,
133
,
167
–68,
305
,
338

accession to power of,
8

Ahmadinejad disowned by,
13

challenge to authority of,
8

consolidation of power by,
7
,
13

fatwas issued by,
58
,
59
–60

fear and loathing of U.S. by,
13
–15,
126
,
131
–32,
239

hatred of Israel by,
30
–31

leadership style of,
63

liberal policies opposed by,
13
,
21

nuclear program and,
12
–13,
37
,
57
–58,
119
,
120
,
136
–40,
240

nuclear weaponization disclaimed by,
57
–58,
59
,
161
,
379

Obama and,
123
,
379

personalized functioning of,
7
,
17
,
22

policies of,
12
–15,
22
,
37
,
119
,
258

pragmatism of,
15
–16,
24
,
31
,
62
,
303

presidency of,
14
,
59

relationship of hardline factions and,
13
,
19
,
21
,
119

secretive, suspicious nature of,
8
,
9
,
12
,
18

shrouded decision-making of,
7
,
8
,
12

succession to,
17
–19,
311
,
365
–69,
404
–5,
409
,
411

as Supreme Leader,
7
–9,
12
–16,
63
,
365
–69

terrorist plots approved by,
15
,
25

Khan, Abdul Qadeer,
35
–37,
39
,
417

Kharrazi, Kamal,
41

Kharrazi, Sadegh,
116

Khartoum,
247

Khatami, Mohammad,
117

liberal tendencies of,
13
,
20
,
36
–37,
115
–16,
120
,
175
,
366

presidency of,
13
,
33
,
36
–37,
115
–16,
162
–63,
175
,
176
,
287

Khatami, Mohammad Reza,
162
–63

Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah,
58
–59,
114
,
133
,
169
,
177
,
303
,
323
,
409

anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism of,
30

death of,
16
,
58
,
335
,
452

determination to “liberate” Baghdad, Mecca, and Jerusalem by,
10