A History of the World (94 page)

–––
Byzantium: The Early Centuries
(Viking 1988)

–––
Byzantium: The Apogee
(Viking 1991)

–––
Byzantium: Decline and Fall
(Viking 1995)

–––
The Popes: A History
(Chatto 2011)

Oliver, Roland (ed.),
The Cambridge History of Africa
, vol. 3 (Cambridge University Press 1977)

Oppenheimer, Stephen,
Out of Eden
(Constable 2003)

Ostrowski, Donald, ‘The Growth of Muscovy’, in Maureen Perrie (ed.),
The Cambridge History of Russia
, vol. 1 (Cambridge University Press 2006)

Pagel, Mark,
Wired for Culture: Origins of the Human Social Mind
(Allen Lane 2012)

Pasley, Malcolm,
Germany: A Companion Guide to Social Studies
(Methuen 1972)

Pearson, Roger,
Voltaire Almighty
(Bloomsbury 2007)

Perrie, Maureen (ed.),
The Cambridge History of Russia
, vol. 1 (Cambridge University Press 2006)

Powell, Barry P.,
Writing: Theory and History of the Technology of Civilisation
(Wiley–Blackwell 2012)

Ravina, Mark,
The Last Samurai: The Life and Battles of Saigo Takamori
( John Wiley 2004)

Reader, John,
Africa: A Biography of the Continent
(Penguin 1997)

Rediker, Marcus,
The Slave Ship
( John Murray 2007)

Reston, James Jr,
Galileo: A Life
(Cassell 1994)

Reynolds, David,
America, Empire of Liberty
(Allen Lane 2009)

Rhodes, Neil (ed.),
King James VI and I: Selected Writings
(Ashgate 2003)

Roberts, Andrew,
A History of the English-Speaking Peoples Since 1900
(Weidenfeld & Nicolson 2006)

Roberts, J.A.G.,
A History of China
, 2nd edition (Palgrave Macmillan 2006)

Robinson, J. Armitage,
The Passion of St Perpetua
(Cambridge University Press 1891)

Robisheaux, Thomas,
Rural Society and the Search for Order in Early Modern Germany
(Duke University Press 1989)

Rodger, N.A.M.,
The Command of the Ocean
(Allen Lane 2004)

Rubin, Patricia Lee and Alison Wright,
Renaissance Florence: The Art of the 1470s
(National Gallery Publications 1999)

Sacks, Jonathan,
The Great Partnership: God, Science and the Search for Meaning
(Hodder & Stoughton 2011)

Sale, Kirkpatrick,
The Conquest of Paradise
(Hodder & Stoughton 1991)

Salisbury, Harrison E.,
The New Emperors: China in the Era of Mao and Deng
(Little, Brown 1992)

Sand, Shlomo,
The Invention of the Jewish People
(Verso 2009)

Sandburg, Carl,
Abraham Lincoln: The War Years
, vol. IV (Harcourt, Brace, New York 1939)

Schama, Simon,
The Embarrassment of Riches
(Knopf 1987)

–––
Citizens
(Viking 1989)

Scheidel, Walter (ed.),
Rome and China: Comparative Perspectives
(Stanford/Oxford University Press 2009)

Schwartz, Benjamin,
The World of Thought in Ancient China
(Belknap Press 1985)

Sealey, Raphael,
A History of the Greek City States, 700–338
B . C.
(University of California Press 1976)

Sebag Montefiore, Simon,
Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar
(Weidenfeld & Nicolson 2003)

–––
Jerusalem
(Weidenfeld & Nicolson 2011)

Semyonov, Yuri,
The Conquest of Siberia
, tr. E.W. Dickes (George Routledge & Sons 1944)

Silverman, David P. (ed.),
Ancient Egypt
(Duncan Baird 2003)

Silverman, Helaine and Donald Proulx,
The Nasca
(Wiley–Blackwell 2002)

Smith, Keith, ‘Bennelong among His People’,
Aboriginal History
, 33

Smith, Mark S.,
The Early History of God: Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel
(HarperCollins 2002)

Snyder, Timothy,
Bloodlands: Europe between Hitler and Stalin
(The Bodley Head 2010)

Stone, I.F.,
The Trial of Socrates
(Cape 1988)

Stringer, Chris,
The Origin of Our Species
(Allen Lane 2011)

Takaki, Ronald,
A Different Mirror
(Little, Brown 1993)

Tench, Watkin,
A Complete Account of the Settlement at Port Jackson
(published on the Internet by Project Gutenberg)

Thapar, Romila,
The Penguin History of Early India
(Penguin 2002)

Thomas, Hugh,
Rivers of Gold
(Weidenfeld & Nicolson 2003)

Tuchman, Barbara,
The Zimmermann Telegram
(Viking Press 1958)

Turnbull, Stephen,
Samurai: The World of the Warrior
(Osprey Publishing 2003)

Uglow, Jenny,
The Lunar Men
(Faber and Faber 2002)

Vasari, Giorgio,
Lives of the Artists
(Penguin 1965)

Waley, Arthur (tr.),
The Analects of Confucius
(Allen & Unwin 1938)

Watson, Peter,
The Great Divide
(Weidenfeld & Nicolson 2012)

Watson, Steven,
The Reign of George III
(Oxford University Press 1960)

Wells, Spencer,
Pandora’s Seed: The Unforeseen Cost of Civilization
(Allen Lane 2010)

Williams, Glyndwr (ed.),
Captain Cook’s Voyages
(The Folio Society 1997)

Wilson, A.N.,
Tolstoy
(Hamish Hamilton 1988)

Wilson, James,
The Earth Shall Weep
(Grove Press, New York 1998)

Wood, Alan,
Russia’s Frozen Frontier
(Bloomsbury Academic 2011)

Wood, Frances,
Did Marco Polo go to China?
(Secker & Warburg 1995)

Wood, Michael,
In Search of the Trojan War
(BBC Books 2005)

Woods, David, ‘On the Death of the Empress Fausta’,
Greece & Rome
, vol. xlv

Wright, Esmond,
An Empire for Liberty
(Blackwell 1995)

Abbasids
ref 1
,
ref 2

Abd al-Rahman I
ref 1

Abd al-Rahman III
ref 1

aboriginal Australians
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

encountering of by Cook and Banks
ref 1
,
ref 2

and European colonization
ref 1
,
ref 2

kidnapping of Bennelong
ref 1
,
ref 2

absolutism
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6

Abu Bakr
ref 1

Achilles
ref 1

Actium, battle of (31
BC
)
ref 1

Acts of the Apostles
ref 1

Adams, John
ref 1

Adams, William
ref 1

Afghanistan

invasion of by Soviet Union (1978–9)
ref 1
,
ref 2

Afghanistan war
ref 1

Africa
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

agriculture
ref 1
,
ref 2

annexation of Congo by Leopold II
ref 1
,
ref 2

art
ref 1

decolonization
ref 1

desertification of North
ref 1

development of society
ref 1

domestication of camels
ref 1

European imperialism in
ref 1

evolvement of hominids in
ref 1
,
ref 2

food production
ref 1

Mali empire
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

migration of early humans from
ref 1
,
ref 2

and Muslims
ref 1

penetration of by European explorers
ref 1

population growth
ref 1

pre-colonial societies
ref 1

religion
ref 1

salt trade
ref 1

‘scramble for’
ref 1
,
ref 2

slave trade/slavery
ref 1
,
ref 2

succession issue
ref 1

see also
individual countries

agriculture
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Africa
ref 1
,
ref 2

Britain
ref 1

changes brought about by
ref 1

China (ancient)
ref 1
,
ref 2

and climate change
ref 1
,
ref 2

development of new skills
ref 1

and emergence of early villages
ref 1

and enclosures
ref 1

and Fertile Crescent
ref 1

and fertilizers
ref 1
,
ref 2

health and lifespan of early farmers
ref 1

India (ancient)
ref 1

Minoan
ref 1

Native American
ref 1

origins
ref 1

and population growth
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

Russia
ref 1

slash-and-burn
ref 1

Ahiram, King
ref 1

air pollution
ref 1
,
ref 2

Akbar the Great
ref 1
,
ref 2

Akkadians
ref 1
,
ref 2

Aksum
ref 1

al Qaeda
ref 1
,
ref 2

al-Andalus
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6

Ala-ud-din
ref 1

Alans
ref 1

Albania
ref 1

Alberti, Leon Battista
ref 1

Alcibiades
ref 1

Alexander II, Czar
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Alexander III, Czar
ref 1

Alexander III, the Great, King of Macedon
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

adopting of Persian culture
ref 1

conquests
ref 1
,
ref 2

death
ref 1
,
ref 2

education
ref 1
,
ref 2

killing of Cleitus
ref 1

Alexandria (Egypt)
ref 1
,
ref 2

Alexandria Library
ref 1

algebra
ref 1

Algeria

seizure of by French (1830)
ref 1

Allende, Salvador
ref 1

Almohads
ref 1
,
ref 2

Almoravids
ref 1
,
ref 2

alphabet

Greek
ref 1

Phoenician
ref 1
,
ref 2

Ambedkar, B.R.
ref 1

Amenhotep III
ref 1

American Civil War (1861–5)
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

and blacks
ref 1

death toll
ref 1

economic and cultural factors
ref 1

impact of
ref 1
,
ref 2

reasons for fighting by Confederate soldiers
ref 1

Reconstruction following
ref 1

and slavery
ref 1
,
ref 2

surrender of Lee’s army
ref 1
,
ref 2

American colonies
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

American War of Independence (1776–81)
ref 1
,
ref 2

Americas
ref 1
,
ref 2

behind in development compared with Eurasia
ref 1

and Columbus
ref 1

European invasions and colonization
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

killing of natives by European diseases
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

native societies
ref 1

and the Nazca
ref 1

Spanish conquest of Incas and Aztecs
ref 1
,
ref 2

tectonic activity and natural disasters
ref 1

Amin, Idi
ref 1

Amrapali
ref 1
,
ref 2

Amritsar Massacre (1919)
ref 1
,
ref 2

Analects
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Anasazi people
ref 1

Anatolia
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

anatomy
ref 1

ancestor worship
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

Andes
ref 1

Andropov, Yuri
ref 1

Anemospilia temple
ref 1

Angel, J. Lawrence
ref 1

Angkor Wat
ref 1

Angola
ref 1

animals

early domestication of
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

reverence of in hunter-gatherer societies
ref 1

animism
ref 1
,
ref 2

Anne, Queen
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

anti-Semitism
ref 1

Antigonus the One-eyed
ref 1

Antiochus IV, King
ref 1

Antiochus XIII, King
ref 1

Antoninus Pius, Emperor
ref 1

Antony, Mark
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Apsu (god)
ref 1

Aquinas, Thomas
ref 1

Arabia
ref 1
,
ref 2

Arabs

conquests made by
ref 1

invasion of Spain
ref 1

sacking of Rome (846)
ref 1

and Second World War
ref 1

trade
ref 1

Aramaic
ref 1

Arapaho
ref 1
,
ref 2

Archimedes
ref 1

Arian Heresy
ref 1

Arians/Arianism
ref 1

Aristobulus
ref 1

Aristotle
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6

Politics
ref 1

arms race
ref 1

Armstrong, Karen
ref 1

Arrian
ref 1

Arsenale (Venice)
ref 1

art

ancient Egypt
ref 1

Byzantium
ref 1

cave
ref 1
,
ref 2

and first Mesopotamian cities
ref 1

Minoan
ref 1
,
ref 2

Nazca
ref 1

pre-Colonial Africa
ref 1

Artificial Intelligence
ref 1

Aryans
ref 1
,
ref 2

Ashoka
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Assyrians
ref 1
,
ref 2

astrolabes
ref 1
,
ref 2

astrology, and Muslims
ref 1

Astyages, King
ref 1

Atahualpa, Emperor
ref 1

Athens/Athenians
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

democracy
ref 1
,
ref 2

drama
ref 1

and Four Hundred
ref 1

Parthenon
ref 1

rule of the Thirty Tyrants
ref 1

slavery
ref 1

Syracuse disaster and defeat of by Sparta
ref 1

war with Persians
ref 1
,
ref 2

Atlantis
ref 1

atom bomb
ref 1
,
ref 2

Augsburg, Peace of (1555)
ref 1

Augustus, Emperor
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

Aurangzeb, Emperor
ref 1

Austerlitz, battle of
ref 1

Australia
ref 1

Cook’s voyage to
ref 1
,
ref 2

European colonization
ref 1
,
ref 2

transportation of British convicts to and first settlements
ref 1

Australian Aboriginals
see
aboriginal Australians

Austria
ref 1

anti-Semitism
ref 1

and Habsburg rulers
ref 1

Austro-Hungarian Empire
ref 1
,
ref 2

Averroës (Ibn Rushd)
ref 1
,
ref 2

Avicenna
ref 1
,
ref 2

‘axial age’
ref 1

Aztecs
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

 

Baal (storm-god)
ref 1

Babur (Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad)
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Babylon/Babylonians
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

Baghdad
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Bahamas
ref 1

Baldwin, Stanley
ref 1

Ban Chao, General
ref 1

Banda, Hastings
ref 1

Bank of England
ref 1

banking crisis (2008)
ref 1

Banks, Sir Joseph
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Baron, Salo
ref 1

Basil II, Emperor
ref 1

Battle of Britain
ref 1
,
ref 2

Bavaria

establishment of ‘Red Republic’
ref 1

Bay of Pigs
ref 1

Beard, Mary
ref 1

Bedouin
ref 1
,
ref 2

Beethoven, Ludwig van
ref 1

Beijing
ref 1
,
ref 2

Belgium
ref 1
,
ref 2

annexation of Congo by Leopold II
ref 1
,
ref 2

Bellarmine, Cardinal Robert
ref 1
,
ref 2

Belley, Jean-Baptiste
ref 1

Benedict, St
ref 1

Benin empire
ref 1

Bennelong, Woolawarre
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Benz, Karl Friedrich
ref 1

Berbers
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Berlin Blockade
ref 1

Berlin Wall
ref 1

fall of
ref 1

Bernier, François
ref 1

Bible

Luther’s translation
ref 1

printing of by Gutenberg
ref 1

Big Bang
ref 1

Bimbisara, King
ref 1

bin Laden, Osama
ref 1
,
ref 2

Bin Tughluq, Muhammad, sultan of Delhi
ref 1

Birmingham
ref 1

birth control
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

invention of the Pill
ref 1

birth rate
ref 1

Bismarck, Chancellor
ref 1

Black Death
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Black, Joseph
ref 1
,
ref 2

blacks

impact of American Civil War on
ref 1

see also
slave trade/slavery

Blair, Tony
ref 1

Bletchley Park
ref 1

Bodhgaya
ref 1

Bohr, Niels
ref 1
,
ref 2

Bolivar, Simón
ref 1

Bolsheviks
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Bonnie Prince Charlie
ref 1
,
ref 2