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78. Maclay,
Journal of William Maclay,
p. 299.
79. Elkins and McKitrick,
Age of Federalism,
p. 155.
80. Jefferson,
Anas of Thomas Jefferson,
p. 32.
81. Ibid.
82. Ellis,
Founding Brothers,
p. 49.
83. Freeman,
Affairs of Honor,
p. 49.
84. Malone,
Jefferson and His Time,
vol. 2, p. 303.
85. Maclay,
Journal of William Maclay,
p. 304.
86. Ibid., p. 310.
87. Ibid., p. 331.
88. Freeman,
Affairs of Honor,
p. 32.
89. CU-HPPP, box 262.
90. Mitchell,
Alexander Hamilton: The National Adventure,
p. 83.
91. Ibid.
92. Jefferson,
Anas of Thomas Jefferson,
p. 35.
93.
Gazette of the United States,
September 1, 1790.

Seventeen: The First Town in America
1.
PAH,
vol. 7, p. 608, letter to Angelica Church,

January 31, 1791.
2. Hamilton,
Intimate Life of Alexander Hamilton,
pp. 42–43.
3.
PAH,
vol. 9, p. 404, letter from Henry Lee,
October 18, 1791.
4. CU-HPPP, letter from Tench Coxe to William
Duer, September 6, 1791.
5. LC-AHP, reel 29, letter from Angelica Church to
Elizabeth Hamilton, April 25, 1792.
6. “Life Portraits of Alexander Hamilton,”
The
William and Mary Quarterly,
April 1955. 7. Ibid.
8. Sullivan,
Public Men of the Revolution,
pp. 261–62.
9.
PAH,
vol. 12, p. 571, “Fact No. II,”
National
Gazette,
October 16, 1792.
10. Freeman,
Affairs of Honor,
p. 106.
11. Hamilton,
Intimate Life of Alexander Hamilton,
p. 241.
12.
PAH,
vol. 24, p. 64, letter from James Wilkinson,
November 21, 1799.
13. Ibid., vol. 6, p. 511, letter from Morgan Lewis,
July 26, 1790.
14. Ibid., vol. 13, p. 480, letter from James Tillary,
January 14, 1793.
15. Ibid., vol. 7, p. 132, letter to Tobias Lear, October
29, 1790.
16. Baxter,
Godchild of Washington,
p. 224. 17. Steiner,
Life and Correspondence of James
McHenry,
p. 129.
18. NYHS-NPP, letter from Elizabeth Hamilton to
George Cabot, September 20, 1804.
19. Hamilton,
Intimate Life of Alexander Hamilton,
p. 227.
20. Ibid., p. 216.
21.
PAH,
vol. 15, p. 432, letter to Angelica Hamilton, November 1793.
22. Menz,
Historic Furnishing Report,
p. 13. 23.
PAH,
vol. 3, p. 468, letter to George Clinton, October 3, 1783.
24. Ibid., vol. 19, p. 460, “Draft of George Washington’s Seventh Annual Address to Congress,” November 28–December 7, 1795.
25. Ibid., pp. 146–47, “Hamilton-Oneida Academy Mortgage,” August 15, 1795.
26. Burrows and Wallace,
Gotham,
p. 305. 27. Furnas,
Americans,
p. 197.
28. St. Méry,
Moreau de St. Méry’s American Journey,
p. 135.
29.
PAH,
vol. 6, p. 545, letter to Walter Stewart, August 5, 1790.
30. Ibid., p. 297, letter to Benjamin Lincoln, March 10, 1790.
31. Ibid., p. 469, letter to George Washington, June 21, 1790.
32. Ibid., vol. 7, p. 31, letter to George Washington, September 10, 1790.
33. Ibid., vol. 6, p. 408, “Treasury Department Circular to the Collectors of the Customs,” June 1, 1791.
34. Ibid., vol. 8, p. 432, “Treasury Department Circular to the Captains of the Revenue Cutters,” June 4, 1791.
35. Freeman,
Affairs of Honor,
p. 88.
36.
PAH,
vol. 9, p. 370, letter to Otho Williams, October 11, 1791.
37. Madison,
Papers of James Madison,
vol. 13, p. 143.
38.
PAH,
vol. 7, p. 197, letter from Benjamin Lincoln, December 4, 1790.
39. Madison,
Papers of James Madison,
vol. 13, p. 344.
40. Ibid., p. 366.
41. Maclay,
Journal of William Maclay,
p. 385. 42. Ibid., p. 387.
43.
PAH,
vol. 8, p. 375, “Treasury Department Circular to the Collectors of the Customs,” May 26, 1791.
44. Ibid., vol. 11, p. 77, “Report on the Difficulties in the Execution of the Act Laying Duties on Distilled Spirits,” March 5, 1792.
45. Ibid., vol. 19, p. 41, “The Defence of the Funding System,” July 1795.
5. Ibid., p. 61.
6. Marsh,
Monroe’s Defense of Jefferson and Freneau
Against Hamilton,
p. 31.
7. Ellis,
Passionate Sage,
p. 161.
8.
The William and Mary Quarterly,
April 1955. 9. Ellis,
Passionate Sage,
p. 136.
10.
PAH,
vol. 14, p. 112, “Report on the State of
the Treasury at the Commencement of Each
Quarter During the Years 1791 and 1792,”
February 19, 1793.
11. Ibid., vol. 2, p. 414, letter to James Duane,
September 3, 1780.
12. Ibid., vol. 7, p. 305, “Report on the Bank,”
December 13, 1790.
13. Ibid., p. 308.
14. Ibid., p. 314.
15. Ibid., p. 315.
16. Ibid., p. 321.
17. Ibid., p. 327.
18. Ibid., p. 331.
19.
PAH,
vol. 8, p. 218, “Notes on the Advantages of
a National Bank,” March 27, 1791.
20. Miller,
Alexander Hamilton,
p. 272.
21.
PAH,
vol. 8, pp. 218, 221, letter to George
Washington, March 27, 1791.
22. Ketcham,
James Madison,
p. 322.
23. Ammon,
James Monroe,
p. 86.
24. Mitchell,
Alexander Hamilton: The National
Adventure,
p. 95.
25.
PAH,
vol. 8, p. 113, “Opinion on Constitutionality of Bank,” February 23, 1791.
26. Ibid., p. 290.
27. Smith,
John Marshall,
p. 170.
28. Malone,
Jefferson and His Time,
vol. 2, p. 338. 29. Cooke,
Alexander Hamilton,
p. 77.
30.
PAH,
vol. 12, p. 85, letter from Thomas Jefferson
to James Madison, October 1, 1792.
31. Cooke,
Alexander Hamilton,
p. 77.
32.
PAH,
vol. 8, p. 58, letter to George Washington,
February 21, 1791.
33. Ibid., p. 62, letter to George Washington, February 23, 1791.
34. Mitchell,
Alexander Hamilton: The National
Adventure,
p. 99.
35.
PAH,
vol. 8, p. 97, “Final Version of an Opinion
on the Constitutionality of an Act to Establish a
Bank,” February 23, 1791.
36. Ibid., p. 98.
37. Ibid., p. 99.
38. Ibid., p. 132.
39. Lodge,
Alexander Hamilton,
p. 103.
40. Cooke,
Alexander Hamilton,
p. xvii.
41.
PAH,
vol. 7, p. 586,
Report on the Mint,
January 28, 1791.
42. Ibid., p. 601.
43. Ibid., p. 598.
44. Ibid., p. 577.
45. Ibid., p. 572.
46.
PAH,
vol. 7, p. 451, letter from Thomas Jefferson, January 24, 1791.
47. Mitchell,
Alexander Hamilton: The National Adventure,
p. 104.
48.
PAH,
vol. 7, p. 516, letter to Benjamin Goodhue, June 30, 1791.
49.
New York Historical Society Quarterly,
October 1948.
50. Smith,
Patriarch,
p. 108.
51.
New York Historical Society Quarterly,
October 1948.
52.
PAH,
vol. 8, p. 589, letter from Fisher Ames, July 31, 1791.
53. Ibid.
54. McDonald,
Alexander Hamilton,
p. 223. 55. Smith,
Patriarch,
p. 109.
56.
PAH,
vol. 9, p. 60, letter from Rufus King, August 15, 1791.
57. Ibid.
58. Ibid., p. 75, letter to Rufus King, August 17, 1791.
59. Ibid., p. 71, letter to William Seton, August 16, 1791.
60. Ibid., p. 74, letter to William Duer, August 17, 1791.
61. Ibid., p. 75.
62. Ibid., vol. 26, p. 617, letter from William Duer, August 16, 1791.
63. Davis,
Essays in the Earlier History of American Corporations,
p. 208.
64. Ibid.
14. Ibid., p. 262, “The Reynolds Pamphlet,” August 1797.
15. Ibid., vol. 9, pp. 6–7, letter to Elizabeth Hamilton, August 2, 1791.
16. Ibid., p. 69, letter to Elizabeth Hamilton, August 17, 1791.
17. Ibid., p. 87, letter to Elizabeth Hamilton, August 21, 1791.
18. Ibid., p. 172, letter to Elizabeth Hamilton, September 4, 1791.
19. Ibid., vol. 21, p. 264, “The Reynolds Pamphlet,” August 1797.
20. Ibid., p. 252.
21. Ibid., vol. 10, pp. 378–79, letter from Maria Reynolds, December 15, 1791.
22. Ibid., p. 376, letter from James Reynolds, December 15, 1791.
23. Ibid., vol. 21, p. 253, “The Reynolds Pamphlet,” August 1797.
24. Ibid., vol. 10, p. 388, letter from James Reynolds, December 17, 1791.
25. Ibid., pp. 389–90, letter to an unnamed correspondent, December 18, 1791.
26. Ibid, vol. 21, p. 253, “The Reynolds Pamphlet,” August 1797.
27. Ibid.
28. Cooke,
Alexander Hamilton,
p. 148.
29. Gordon,
Business of America,
p. 16.
30.
PAH,
vol. 26, p. 520, letter from Tench Coxe, February 1790.
31. “Tench Coxe, Alexander Hamilton, and the Encouragement of American Manufactures,”
The William and Mary Quarterly,
July 1975. 32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. Passaic County Historical Society, Gledhill Collection, SEUM, box 2, prospectus for the Society for Establishing Useful Manufactures, April 29, 1791.
35. McDonald,
Alexander Hamilton,
p. 231. 36. Passaic County Historical Society, Gledhill Collection, SEUM, box 2, prospectus for the Society for Establishing Useful Manufactures, April 29, 1791.
37. Ibid.
38. “Tench Coxe, Alexander Hamilton, and the Encouragement of American Manufactures,”
The William and Mary Quarterly,
July 1975. 39.
PAH,
vol. 8, p. 571, letter from Thomas Marshall, July 24–31, 1791.
40. Flexner,
Young Hamilton,
p. 437.
41.
PAH,
vol. 10, p. 13.
42. Ibid., p. 291,
Report on Manufactures,
December 5, 1791.
43. Ibid., vol. 8, p. 497, “Treasury Department Circular to the Supervisors of the Revenue,” June 22, 1791.
78.
PAH,
vol. 11, p. 273, letter to William Seton, April 12, 1792.
79. Ibid., p. 190, letter to William Seton, March 25, 1792.
80. Ibid., p. 156, letter from Robert Troup, March 19, 1792.
81. Gordon,
Business of America,
p. 169.
82.
The Diary; or, Loudon’s Register,
April 20, 1792. 83.
PAH,
vol. 11, pp. 218–19, letter to Philip Livingston, April 2, 1792.
84. Malone,
Jefferson and His Time,
vol. 2, p. 436. 85. Mitchell,
Alexander Hamilton: The National Adventure,
pp. 175–76.
86.
PAH,
vol. 11, p. 434, letter to Edward Carrington, May 26, 1792.
87. Adams,
New Letters of Abigail Adams,
p. 83. 88.
PAH,
vol. 10, p. 482, letter to Roger Alden et al., January 15, 1792.
89. Ibid., vol. 11, p. 171, letter to William Duer, March 23, 1792.
90. Ibid., p. 247, letter from Archibald Mercer, April 6, 1792.
91. Ibid., p. 425, letter to William Seton, May 25, 1792.
92. Ibid., vol. 14, p. 303, letter to Peter Colt, April 10, 1793.
93. Ibid., p. 549, “To the Directors of the Society for Establishing Useful Manufactures,” October 12, 1792.
94. Mitchell,
Alexander Hamilton: The National Adventure,
p. 172.
95.
PAH,
vol. 12, p. 369, letter from Elisha Boudinot, September 13, 1792.
96. Ibid., vol. 14, p. 283, letter to John Brown, April 5, 1793.
97. Ibid., vol. 26, p. 764, letter from William Duer, February 16, 1799.

Eighteen: Of Avarice and Enterprise
1.
The New York Review of Books,
April 13, 2000.
2.
PAH,
vol. 19, p. 190, “The Defence No. XI,” August 28, 1795.
3. Ibid., p. 32, “The Defence of the Funding Sys- tem,” July 1795.
4. Mitchell,
Alexander Hamilton: The National Adventure,
p. 351.

Nineteen: City of the Future
1. Ketcham,
James Madison,
p. 385.
2.
PAH,
vol. 8, pp. 343–44, letter from Philip Schuyler, May 15, 1791.
3. Freeman,
Affairs of Honor,
p. 149; Cooke,
Alexander Hamilton,
p. 20; Latrobe,
Correspondence and Miscellaneous Papers of Benjamin Henry Latrobe,
p. 331.
4.
PAH,
vol. 8, pp. 522–23, letter to Mercy Warren, July 1, 1791.
5. Ibid., vol. 13, p. 385, letter to Susanna Livingston, December 29, 1792.
6. Ibid., vol. 8, p. 526, letter to Martha Walker, July 2, 1791.
7. Ibid., vol. 21, p. 250, “The Reynolds Pamphlet,” August 1797.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid., p. 251.
10. Ibid., p. 252.
11. Ibid., vol. 21, p. 187, letter to Jeremiah Wadsworth, July 28, 1797.
12. Ibid., pp. 189–90, Richard Folwell statement, August 12, 1797.
13. Ibid.
44. Ibid., vol. 19, p. 97, letter to Oliver Wolcott, Jr., August 5, 1795.
45. Wilson and Stanton,
Jefferson Abroad,
p. 249. 46.
PAH,
vol. 10, p. 236,
Report on Manufactures,
December 5, 1791.
47. Ibid., p. 246.
48. Ibid., p. 249.
49. Ibid., p. 253.
50. Ibid., p. 255.
51. Ibid.
,
vol. 25, p. 467, “The Examination,” no. 3.
New-York Evening Post,
December 24, 1801.
52. Ibid., vol. 10, p. 266,
Report on Manufactures,
December 5, 1791.
53. Ibid., p. 268.
54.
The New York Review of Books,
December 21, 2000.
55.
PAH,
vol. 10, p. 268,
Report on Manufactures,
December 5, 1791.
56. Ibid., p. 321.
57. Ibid., p. 317.
58. Ibid., p. 338.
59. Ibid., p. 302.
60. Malone,
Thomas Jefferson and His Time,
vol. 2, p. 430.
61. Jefferson,
Anas of Thomas Jefferson,
p. 55. 62. Mitchell,
Alexander Hamilton: The National Adventure,
p. 170.
63. Ibid.
64. “Tench Coxe, Alexander Hamilton, and the Encouragement of American Manufactures,”
The William and Mary Quarterly,
July 1975.
65.
PAH,
vol. 11, p. 110, letter from James Tillary, March 6, 1792.
66. Ibid., vol. 10, p. 525, letter to William Seton, January 18, 1792.
67. Ibid., p. 528, letter from William Seton, January 22, 1792.
68. Ibid., vol. 11, p. 28, letter to William Seton, February 10, 1792.
69. Ibid.
70. Jefferson,
Anas of Thomas Jefferson,
p. 55. 71. Malone,
Jefferson and His Time,
vol. 3, p. 17. 72.
PAH,
vol. 14, p. 100, “Report on the State of the Treasury at the Commencement of Each Quarter,” February 19, 1793.
73. “Tench Coxe, Alexander Hamilton, and the Encouragement of American Manufactures,”
The William and Mary Quarterly,
July 1975. 74.
PAH,
vol. 11, p. 156, letter from Robert Troup, March 19, 1792.
75. Ibid., p. 126, letter from William Duer, March 12, 1792.
76. Ibid., pp. 131–32, letter to William Duer, March 14, 1792.
77. Brodie,
Thomas Jefferson,
p. 267.

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