Read All Hell Let Loose Online
Authors: Max Hastings
Wolff-Monckeburg, Mathilde
On the Other Side
ed. Ruth Evans Pan 1979
Woodman, Richard
The Real Cruel Sea
John Murray 2004
—
Arctic Convoys
John Murray 2001
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Malta Convoys
John Murray 2000
Wooldridge, E.T. ed.
Carrier Warfare in the Pacific
Smithsonian 1993
Zhadobin, A.T. et al. eds
Ognennaya duga: Kurskaya bitva glazami Lubyanki
[Arc of Fire: The Battle of Kursk as Seen Through the Eyes of the Lubyanka] Moscow 2003
Zweig, Stefan,
The World of Yesterday
Pushkin Press 2010
The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific passage, please use the search feature of your e-book reader.
NOTE: Ranks and titles are generally the highest mentioned in the text
Aachen, 583
Abbott, Lt. Stephen, 214
Abe, Vice-Adm. Hiroake, 261
Abraham, W.E., 221
Abramov, Sasha, 172
Abrial, Adm. Jean-Marie, 63
Abyssinia, 110–11, 113
Ackerley, Joe Randolph, 344
Addison, Air Vice-Marshal Edward, 358
Addison, Edward, 473
Africa: British colonies at outbreak of war, 10; Britain raises recruits in, 409–12
Afrika Korps, 111, 114–15, 129–30, 365–6, 370, 375, 377
airborne forces, 326
airborne operations: German in Crete, 123; at Arnhem, 580–1; in Rhine crossing, 611
aircraft carriers: in Battle of Philippine Sea (1944), 565–7
Akhmedov, Capt. Ismael, 32
Alam Halfa, 366
Alamein
see
El AlameinAlbania, 109, 115–17, 188, 406
Albrecht, US Marine Karl, 436
Aleutians: Japanese attack on, 245
Alexander, Lt.Gen. Sir Harold (
later
1st Earl): commands in France (1940), 63; takes command in Burma, 222, 227; meets Stilwell, 223; transferred to Middle East, 227; appointed Middle East C. in C., 366; Churchill’s demands on, 369; on US Army weakness in North Africa, 378; as Eisenhower’s deputy, 378; reputation in North Africa, 380; conduct of Sicily campaign, 447, 449–50; overrules Clark at Salerno, 451; and advance on Rome, 455; calls on Italian partisans to rise against Germans, 459; considers death penalty for deserters, 462–3; on quality of German soldiers in Italy, 529; successful attack in Italy, 529Alexandria: as British naval base, 107; French squadron interned at, 125; Royal Navy ships attacked by Italian human torpedoes, 294; decoy Malta convoy sails from, 295
al-Husayni, Mohammad Amin, Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, 107, 405
Ali, Rashid, 124
Allain, Jehan, 72
American Volunteer Group: in Burma, 221
Amery, Leo, 17, 416, 423–4
Anders, Gen. Władysław, 7, 20–1, 305, 528, 595–6, 654
Anderson, Gen. Kenneth, 378
Andrievich, Alexander, 146
Anglo-Saxon
(British coal-carrier), 276–7Annan, Noel, 517
Anthony, Maj. Seth, 410
anti-Semitism: in France, 81, 126, 403, 514, 660; throughout Europe, 514; in Britain and USA, 515–16; in Russia, 515; made unacceptable by Holocaust, 674;
see also
Holocaust; JewsAntonescu, Gen. Ion, 117
Antwerp, 579, 582, 584, 586
Anufriev, Yevgeni, 151
Anzio, Italy, 334, 453, 528–9, 531
Arakan, 434–5, 560, 633
Archangel, Russia, 284
Ardeatine Caves, Italy, 460
Ardennes: German advance in (1940), 54–5;
Battle of the Bulge (winter 1944–5), 367, 589, 591–5
Arlington Hall (US intelligence centre), 369
Arnhem: radio communications failure, 446; Montgomery plans to capture, 577–9; battle for bridge, 580–3
Arnim, Gen. Jürgen von, 377–8
Arnold, Gen. Henry Harley (‘Hap’), 481, 651
Arrow Cross militia (Hungary), 599, 601–2
Arthur, Douglas, 30, 111
Artom, Emanuele, 406
Ashford, Pam, 17
Asia: resistance to post-war return of colonial rule, 658
Assam, 560, 564
Atkinson, Rick, 455
Atlantic: shipping movements, 274–5; and air cover, 275; air gap and Irish neutrality, 398
Atlantic, Battle of the: and oil imports, 99; US participation in, 189; importance, 271–2; war against submarines, 272–3, 280–2, 306;
Allied success, 284
Atlantic Charter, 420, 512
Atlantic Monthly
(USA), 186Atlantic Wall, 533
atom bomb: used against Japan, xvi, 251, 648–51; Stalin’s desire for, 612; development, 646–8; debate over use, 648–50
Attlee, Pvt. Bill, 533
Auchinleck, Gen. Claude: takes command at Narvik, 50; replaces Wavell in Middle East, 128; troop numbers in Middle East, 136; armoured force destroyed, 138; dismisses Ritchie and takes command of Eighth Army, 364, 366; replaced by Montgomery, 366; qualities, 667
Ault, Cdr. Bill, 238
Aung San, 634–5, 659
Aurel, Voichita, 514
Auschwitz-Birkenau, 501–2, 506, 513, 520
Australia: troops in Papua New Guinea, 253, 263–7, 413, 433; troops hold out in Tobruk, 114–15, 131; forces in Greece, 118–20; casualties in Syria, 127; quality of troops in North Africa, 131; and Japanese threat, 199, 400; troops’ irresolution in Malaya, 206, 211–13; limits refugees from Japanese, 210–11; declines to divert troops to Burma, 222; labour obstructionism, 413; support for Britain, 413; troops in Borneo, 645; total casualties, 670
Austria, 671
Autumn Mist
, Operation, 590, 595Axum
(Italian submarine), 295
Backe, Herbert, 141, 348
Bader, Douglas, 88
Badoglio, Marshal Pietro, 117, 448, 451, 458
Bagration
, Operation, 527, 546, 548, 550, 668Baldwin, Hanson, 413
Balkans: Axis controls, 124; Soviet army drive for, 550–1
Ball, George, 517
Ball, Pvt. Victor, 119
Baltic states: Stalin annexes, 75; and German invasion of Russia, 146; embrace Germans, 158; Jews eliminated, 511
Barbarossa
, Operation, 140–3, 145, 153, 178Barclay, George, 88, 102–3
Baring, Sarah, 353
Baromykin, Boris, 178–9
Barthrop, Paddy, 84
Basu, P.K., 422
Bataan peninsula, Philippines: resists Japanese, 231–5; death march, 234
Battle of Britain: conduct, 80–8; British victory, 101; effect on US sentiment, 187; pilots’ experience of, 470
Battleaxe
, Operation, 128Baxter, Corp. Peter, 328, 352, 378
Bayly, Christopher, 500
Béarn
(French aircraft carrier), 74Beaver, Lt. Dorothy, 335, 358, 590
Bekbulatov, Valentina, 356
Belgium: neutrality, 25; Germans invade and occupy, 53–5, 72; surrenders, 63; fishing fleet relocates to Brixham, 340; liberated (1944), 577; civilian suffering, 592
Belgorod, 384, 392
Belgrade: Russians capture, 550
Bell, Ottilie, 490–1
Belov, Capt. Nikolai, 304, 308, 314, 321, 337, 376, 382, 386, 396, 526, 630
Belsey, Elizabeth, 29
Bengal: famine (1943–4), xvii, 351, 422–5
Bennett, Maj.Gen. Gordon, 211
Berezhkov, Valentin, 144
Bergholz, Olga, 313–14
Bergonzoli, Gen. Annibale, 109
Beria, Lavrenti: proposes elimination of Polish officers, 21; warns Stalin of proposed German invasion, 144; orders arrests, 146; as head of NKVD, 156; shoots dissident elements in prisons, 162; and NKVD actions at Stalingrad, 310; purges, 496
Berle, Adolf, 184
Berlin: bombed, 475, 478–9, 484–5, 492; anti-aircraft defences, 480; zoo bombed, 489; Russians reach, 595, 613; Eisenhower leaves to Russians, 611, 612; Zhukov’s assault on, 621–5; Red Army rape and destruction in, 627–8, 629
Bevan, Aneurin, 335
Beveridge Report (1942), 335
Bévésiers
(French submarine), 125Billotte, Gen. Gaston, 62
biological warfare: by Japanese, 428, 672
Bir Hacheim, Libya, 136
Birbahadur, Naik, 457
Bird, Lt. Tom, 110
Bismarck Sea, Battle of the (March 1943), 267
Black, Lt. Earlyn, 202
Blamey, Gen. Sir Thomas, 119
Blanchard, Gen. Georges, 57, 62, 63
Bleichman, Ephrahim, 4, 12, 522
Bletchley Park: decrypting and intelligence operations, xix, 367–9, 663; and U-boat radio traffic, 283; women at, 353
blitzkrieg
: doctrine of, 177Blois-Brooke, Lt.Cdr. Michael, 650
Blomberg, Field Marshal Werner von, 105
Blum, John Morton, 199
Blumenson, Martin, 186, 594
Blumentritt, Lt.Gen. Gunther, 300
Blundell, Cdr. George, 295, 297
Blunt, Maggie Joy, 39–40
Blunt, Roscoe, 333
Bock, Field Marshal Fedor von, 148, 162, 303
Boddy, Lt. John, 289
Bogenhardt, Tassilo von, 374, 397, 402
Bolzano
(Italian cruiser), 297bomb disposal, 96–7
Bond, Petty Officer Roger, 564
Bondi, Capt. (German liaison officer to Italians), 374
Bone, Ted, 470, 478
Bonnet, Georges, 16
Borkovsky, Dieter, 619
Bormann, Martin, 488
Borneo, 645
Borthwick, Capt. Alastair, 332
Bose, Lt. A.M., 417
Bose, Subhas Chandra, 421–2
Boshell, Maj. Frankie, 562
Bougainville, 564
Bowlby, Lt. Alex, 462, 595
Bradley, Gen. Omar: troops’ indifference to war, 230; reputation, 380; campaign in Normandy, 554–5; hatred of Montgomery, 584
Bradshaw, Sgt. Sam, 131
Bramm, Peter, 161
Brandt, Lt. Karl-Friedrich, 387
Branson, Clive, 420
Brantly, Lt. Hattie, 202
Brauchitsch, Field Marshal Walther von, 76, 144, 175
Braun, Eva, 626
Brazil: joins Allies, 398
Brennan, Jack, 477–8
Brereton, Gen. Lewis, 232
Brest: submarine pens, 280
Brewster, Kingman, 186
Brickell, Russell, 120
Briggs, Laura, 339
Bristowe, Cdr. Bobby, 125
Britain: declares war on Germany, 1, 8–11; guarantees to Poland, 2–3; fails to support Poland, 15–16; conditions in ‘phoney war’, 27–9, 40; children evacuated, 28; accidents and road deaths in blackout, 29; civil defence, 29; differences with France, 41, 50, 62–3; troops in Norway campaign, 48–9; evacuates Norway, 50; inadequacy of army, 60–1; evacuated from France, 64–7; casualties in 1940 campaign in France, 72; German air assault on, 79, 81, 92–3; invasion threat to, 80, 90–1; scientific and technological superiority, 81–2; civilian casualties from air attacks, 93, 480; people’s views of war, 102–3; military prestige sinks, 128; communities’ behaviour in fall of Malaya, 210; soldiers’ irresolution, 215, 364; as aircraft and naval base, 269; dependence on sea supplies, 269, 275; merchant shipping losses, 284; wartime annual imports, 284; dockworkers’ inefficiency, 286; delegation to Moscow (1942), 299; total casualties, 324–5, 670; home front conditions, 342–5; food rations, 347; output of consumer goods declines, 347; women workers, 352–3; armaments production falls, 362; US troops in, 363; intelligence sharing with USA, 368; internment of dissenters and aliens, 400; opposes early landing in France, 442; artillery excellence, 445; inferior army wireless communications, 446; air bases, 491; anti-Semitism, 515–16; hesitancy over invasion of Normandy, 531; troops’ reluctance over invasion of Europe, 531–2; infantry weapons, 539–40; land war against Japanese, 559; manpower shortage in advance through Europe, 585, 588; developments on atomic bomb, 647; returned prisoners-of-war, 655–6; enters war as act of principle, 660; low human cost of war, 662–3; unmilitary behaviour, 662; defiance, 663; post-war loss of power, 663
British Empire: contribution to war effort, 408–9; administration, 421
British Expeditionary Force (BEF): in France, 25; and German advance, 53–4; evacuation from France, 63–7, 72–3; material losses in France, 67
Brontman, Lazar, 170, 302–3, 354, 381, 392–3, 526–7
Brooke, Gen. Alan (
later
Viscount Alanbrooke): on demoralised French army, 27; in Cairo with Churchill, 366; and slow Allied advance in Italy, 455, 529; hesitancy over invasion of Europe, 531; and British disposition in advance through Europe, 588; on army’s limitations, 663; achievements, 666Brooke-Popham, Sir Robert, 202, 219
Broome, Capt. Jack, 291, 295
Brothers, Pete, 84, 86
Brown, Capt. Ramsay, 296, 298
Browning, Christopher, 520–2
Browning, Lt.Gen. Frederick (‘Boy’), 581
Bruneval, near Le Havre, 325–6
Bruns, Col. Walter, 508
Brush, Herbert, 95
Brussels: liberated (1944), 557
Bucharest: liberated, 658
Buckingham Palace: bombed, 101
Buckner, Gen. Simon Bolivar, 641, 644
Budapest: battle for and capture by Russians, 599–605
Budyonny, Marshal Semyon, 307
Bukov, Vasya, 312
Bulgaria: neutrality in Italian attack on Greece, 116; joins Axis, 118; Russians declare war on, 550
Bulge, Battle of the (winter 1944–5)
see
ArdennesBurgett, Donald, 591
Burgoyne, Gen. John, 494
Burke, Capt. Arleigh, USN, 566
Burleigh, Michael:
Moral Combat
, xx, 81Burma: Japanese invade and occupy, 218–20, 223–4, 434; British administration and attitudes, 219–20; Chinese military intervention in, 223–4; British losses in, 224; Indians in, 225–6; refugees, 225; pro-Japanese sentiments, 415; Indian airmen in, 418; British counter-strategy in, 433, 559; Wingate’s Chindits in, 434, 634; hostility to Japanese, 435, 500; Japanese declare independent, 435; Slim reconquers, 563, 633–4, 645, 664; post-war conditions, 659
Burma Defence Army, 225, 634–5
Burma Railway, 416
Burma Road (to China), 218, 222, 224
Burrough, Rear-Adm. Harold, 296–7
Busatti, Sgt. Franco, 457
Busch, Field Marshal Ernest, 546
Butler, John, 129–30
Butler, Signalman Richard, 271
Butler, Richard Austen, 226
Caen, Normandy, 537, 539, 554–5
Cairo: wartime conditions, 134; Rommel threatens, 306, 365
Calcutta: death rate in 1943 famine, 424
Calvocoressi, Peter, Guy Wint and John Pritchard:
Total War
, xixCAM ships (armed merchantmen), 288
Campbell, Sir Ronald, 73
Canada: provides convoy escorts, 276, 283; troops in Dieppe raid, 326; tolerant attitude to Germans, 400; military service, 413–14; French Canadian hostility to war, 414; troops in invasion of Italy, 451; troops in Normandy battle, 555; troops delayed in Scheldt estuary, 584; soldiers’ behaviour in Europe, 587; casualties, 670