America's Great Game (65 page)
Read America's Great Game Online
Authors: Hugh Wilford
Black, Eugene R.,
210
Bohlen, Charles “Chip,”
258
Bolshevik Revolution,
48
See also
AJAX operation
Booz, Allen & Hamilton (BA&H),
150–152
,
155
,
157–158
,
195
,
258
,
284
Boroujerdi (grand ayatollah),
167
Bourguiba, Habib,
28
and the Baghdad pact,
188
,
204
,
213
and conflict over the Buraimi oasis,
204–205
early presence in the Middle East,
6
,
7–8
,
21
and Egypt,
6
,
7
,
8
,
21
,
33–35
,
77
,
79–80
,
138
,
141–142
,
153
,
156
,
160
,
204
and the Eisenhower Doctrine,
262
,
263
fading power of,
46
,
51
,
61
,
77
,
288
fanning the flames of US anticommunism,
163
,
223
,
275
imperial culture of, influence of,
7
,
9
,
10
,
17
,
19
,
33–34
,
43–44
,
45
,
59
,
80
and Iraq,
8
,
43–45
,
77
,
80
,
103
,
214
,
221
and Jordan,
204
,
214
,
252
,
265
,
275
,
280
,
288
and Nasser,
188
,
193–194
,
213–214
,
221
,
245
,
256–257
,
258–259
,
264
objections to possible US-Egypt arms deal,
190
and the OMEGA program,
221
,
223
,
224
,
230
and Operation GAMMA,
213–214
and Palestine,
8
,
56
,
61–62
,
117
,
288
and Project ALPHA,
176
,
187
,
188
,
213
and regime change in Syria,
103
,
254
,
256
,
260
,
274–275
,
276
,
280–281
,
288
staging a comeback,
218
and the Suez Canal dispute,
6
,
124
,
135
,
136
,
147
,
158–159
,
176
,
190
,
191
,
200
,
233
,
234
,
257
,
259
,
260
,
262
,
263
,
265
,
276
US view toward colonial rule of,
48
,
51
British and Russian empires, contest between.
See
Great Game
British Counter Intelligence Centre Iraq,
44
British Mandate (for Palestine),
56
,
62
British Petroleum (BP)/Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC),
48
,
161–162
,
283
,
294
British Political Intelligence Centre Cairo,
33–34
,
35
British Secret Intelligence Service (SIS).
See
MI6
Bruce, David K. E.,
282
Bruce-Lockhart, John,
259
Brunner, Alois,
156
Buchan, John,
24
,
80
,
134
,
138
,
172
Bunche, Ralph,
32
Burgess, Guy,
169
Burnham, James,
149–150
,
159
,
229
,
296
Burns, Eugene,
287
Byroade, Henry A.,
145
,
178
,
179
,
181
,
182
,
183
,
186
,
192
,
193
,
194–195
,
197–198
,
199
,
200
,
201
,
206
,
208
,
212
,
226
,
232
,
282
Cabell, Charles P.,
279
Caffery, Jefferson,
139
,
142
,
152
,
154
,
182
Cairo.
See
Egypt
Cairo Tower,
192
Capra, Frank,
232
Carleton, Alford,
236
Casablanca
(movie),
23
Central Conference of American Rabbis,
58
,
87
Central Intelligence Act (1949),
133
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
charting the transition to,
150
coup studied in training classes of,
104
direct precursor to,
55
,
63
,
65
,
72
early drift of,
299
former OSS-ers campaign to create,
55–56
graduates of Groton School for Boys and,
10
,
12
growing criticism of covert operations by,
281–282
handover of special operations to,
72
increasing bureaucracy of,
283
internal rivalry in,
281
military control of,
56
and the National Security Act,
56
,
125
and the RAND Corporation,
229
report on the proposed partitioning of Palestine,
63
strained relationship between MI6 and,
263
See also specific CIA personnel, operations/projects, and countries of operation
Central Intelligence Group (CIG),
55
,
63
,
65
,
72
Chameleon operation,
205
Chamoun, Camille,
268
,
286
,
287–288
Chase Manhattan Bank,
295
Chess match metaphor,
233
Christian Century
(magazine),
86
,
89
,
120
,
212
Christianity and Islam, alliance between,
61
,
122
,
123
,
129
,
180–181
,
236
,
238
,
239
,
243
,
288
Christian-Muslim Convocation,
122
,
180
,
236
Churchill, Winston,
48
,
49
,
61
,
158
,
163
,
164
,
172–173
,
188
,
190
,
213
See also
Dearborn Foundation
CIA front groups.
See
American Friends of the Middle East (AFME)
;
Committee of Correspondence
;
Non-Communist Left (NCL) groups
CIA predecessor.
See
Office of Strategic Services (OSS)
Close, Arthur C.,
271
Coffin, Henry Sloane,
90
Colby, William,
295
Cold War
early years of,
189
first Arab coup of,
78
first US-Soviet confrontation in,
43
,
49–50
as an iteration of the Great Game,
52
official declaration of,
54
shift in the focus of,
146
skirmishes of 1946 and 1947,
161
US strategy during,
46
,
82–83
,
108
,
123
,
161
,
207
,
226
,
242
,
243
,
246
,
273
See also specific countries, organizations, events, and people involved in the war
Committee for Justice and Peace in the Holy Land (CJP),
89
,
90–92
,
93
,
116
,
117
,
120
,
125
,
235
Committee of Correspondence,
120
,
129
,
130
Communism,
83
,
123
,
135
,
161
,
163
,
165
,
181
,
194
,
218
,
243
,
246
,
247
,
269
,
272
,
274
conflation of nationalism and,
279
,
287
expansion of, threat of,
49
,
50–51
,
54
,
98
,
103
,
123
,
220
,
223
,
229–230
,
249
,
263
,
265
,
276
See also
Anticommunism
;
China
;
Cold War
;
Czechoslovakia
;
Soviet Union
Communist Party of Iran (Tudeh),
50
,
161
,
162
,
166
,
168
Communist Party of Syria,
98
,
220
“Consequences of the Partition of Palestine, The” (CIA report),
63
Continuing Committee on Muslim-Christian Cooperation (CCMCC),
122
,
129
,
238
,
239
Coon, Carleton S.,
23
,
24
,
25
,
27
,
91
Cooper, Chester L.,
222
,
257
,
259–260
Coordinator of Information (COI) office,
15
,
23
,
32
,
69
See also
Office of Strategic Services (OSS)
Copeland, Lorraine (wife of Miles).
See
Adie, Elizabeth Lorraine
Copeland, Miles A., Jr.,
144
,
219–220
,
256
,
266
and the ArabIsraeli conflict,
182
,
211
Archie on crypto-diplomatic efforts of,
250
autobiography of,
67
,
72
,
101
,
102
,
103
,
104
,
136
,
137
,
167
,
174
,
217
,
228
,
297
with BA&H and under cover for the CIA,
150–153
,
154
,
155
,
157–158
,
258
,
284
birth of,
68
board game based on
The Game of Nations
,
296–297
books written by,
67–68
,
72
,
96–97
,
101–102
,
103
,
104
,
136
,
137
,
154
,
155
,
228
,
267
,
294
,
296
