An English Affair: Sex, Class and Power in the Age of Profumo (56 page)

4
. Diary of Earl Winterton, 10 November 1919, Winterton papers 23, Bodleian.

5
. Diary of Earl Winterton, 24 June 1950, Winterton papers 53, Bodleian.

6
. Wilson,
Astors
, p. 342.

7
. Bill Astor to Nancy Astor, [1926], Astor papers 1416/1/3/24; David Astor to Nancy Astor [
c
. 1926], Astor papers 1416/1/3/28; Richard Cockett,
David Astor and the Observer
(1991), p. 11.

8
. Bill Astor to Nancy Astor, [1926], and to Waldorf and Nancy Astor, [1928], Astor 1416/1/3/28.

9
. Bill Astor to Waldorf and Nancy Astor, [1928], 19 February 1929, and [Vienna, 1929], Astor 1416/1/3/28.

10
. Norman Rose,
The Cliveden Set
(2000), pp. 180, 183; Anthony Julius,
Trials of the Diaspora
(2010), p. 317; Sir Harold Nicolson,
Diaries and Letters 1930–39
(1966), pp. 326–27, 396–97.

11
. Lord Astor, House of Lords debates, 22 November 1955, 194, col 711, and 10 July 1956, 198, cols 699–704.

12
. Bill Astor to Nancy Astor, [September 1952?], Astor papers 1416/1/3/28.

13
. Peter Stanford,
Bronwen Astor
(2000), pp. 162–63.

14
. Gorer, ‘This is the English’, p. 4; Lord Carrington,
Reflect on Things Past
(1988), p. 74.

15
. ‘Why French Horses Win Classic Races’,
Listener
, 12 July 1956, p. 45; Pamela Cooper,
A Cloud of Forgetting
(1993), p. 306; Stanford,
Bronwen Astor
, p. 157; Maurice Collis,
Diaries 1949–69
(1977), p. 74.

16
. Collis,
Diaries
, p. 70.

17
. Isaiah Berlin,
Enlightening: Letters 1946–60
(2009), p. 449; Stanford,
Bronwen Astor
, p. 284.

18
. Lord Astor, House of Lords debates, 1 November 1956, 199, cols 1321–132, and 31 October 1957, Vol. 205, col 750; Collis,
Diaries
, p. 85.

19
. Hugh Thomas,
The Suez Affair
(1967), p. 142; Frederick Bishop to Anthony Eden, 16 November 1956, NA PREM 11/1127.

20
. Sir Sherard Cowper-Coles,
Cables from Kabul
(2011), p. 273; Cooper,
Cloud of Forgetting
, p. 306.

21
. S. J. D. Green,
The Passing of Protestant England
(2011), p. 185.

22
. Wilson,
Astors
, p. 361.

23
. John Paterson-Morgan, ‘Behaviour of the Press’,
The Times
, 21 January 1958, p. 9.

24
. Lord Astor, House of Lords debate, 2 February 1960, Vol. 220, cols 838–43.

25
. Catterall,
Macmillan Diaries
, II, p. 304; 30 May 1960, Macmillan dep d 39, ff 46–7.

26
. Viscount Astor, ‘Shah Aly Khan’,
The Times
, 14 May 1960, p. 10a.

27
. Bishop Gordon Savage, quoted Wilson,
Astors
, p. 345; Stanford,
Bronwen Astor
, p. 151.

28
. Anne Chisholm and Michael Davie,
Beaverbrook
(1992), pp. 492–93; Nancy Astor to Lord Beaverbrook, Friday [17 July 1931], and ‘HOLD GORDON’, 22 July 1958, both HLRO BBK C/15.

29
. Katharine Whitehorn, ‘Elegance comes out of chaos’,
Picture Post
, 1 April 1957, pp. 28–30.

30
. David Litchfield,
Thyssen Art Macabre
(2006), pp. 254–55.

31
. Stanford,
Bronwen Astor
, pp. 146–47.

32
. Stanford,
Bronwen Astor
, pp. 147, 157.

33
. Stanford,
Bronwen Astor
, pp. 5, 191.

34
. Nicky Haslam,
Redeeming Features
(2009), pp. 117–18.

Four: Doctor

1
.
‘Randolph Churchill’s Column’,
News of the World
, 7 and 14 August 1960, p. 9.

2
.
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
.

3
. Evelyn Waugh,
A Handful of Dust
(1934), chapter 2 (pp. 35, 39 of 2002 edn); Geoffrey Murray, ‘Bone and Sinew’,
Spectator
, 28 October 1960, p. 644.

4
. Lord Gladwyn,
The Diaries of Cynthia Gladwyn
(1995), p. 288; Sir Colin Coote to Philip de Zulueta, 6 June 1963, NA PREM 11/4369; Coote,
Editorial
, pp. 285–86.

5
. ‘Rebel MPs Defiant’,
The Times,
14 November 1946, p. 4d; Diary of Earl Winterton, 1 August 1951, Winterton papers 54, Bodleian; Philip Knightley and Caroline Kennedy,
An Affair of State
(1987), pp. 42–5.

6
. Coote,
Editorial
, p. 288; Kennedy,
Trial of Stephen Ward
, p. 21; ‘The Enigma of Stephen Ward’,
Observer
, 4 August 1963, p. 5.

7
. Trevor-Roper,
Wartime Journals
, p. 258; Gladwyn,
Cynthia Gladwyn
, p. 288; Collis,
Diaries
, p. 131.

8
. Profumo,
House Down
, pp. 156–57; Cooper,
Cloud of Forgetting
, pp. 305–06; Stanford,
Bronwen Astor
, p. 226.

9
. Christine Keeler,
Scandal!
(1989), p. 46; Christine Keeler,
The Truth at Last
(2001), p. 32; Christine Keeler,
Secrets and Lies
(2012), pp. 35–6.

10
. ‘The Enigma of Stephen Ward’,
Observer
, 4 August 1963, p. 5.

11
. Sir Colin Coote to Philip de Zulueta, 6 June 1963, NA PREM 11/4369.

12
. Stanford,
Bronwen Astor
, pp. 8, 223.

13
. Keeler,
Truth at Last
, p. 33; Coote,
Editorial
, p. 288.

14
. Margery Allingham,
The Patient at Peacocks Hall
(1954), pp. 12, 20–21; Richard Davenport-Hines,
The Pursuit of Oblivion
(2001), pp. 237–38.

15
. Harold Macmillan to Sir Anthony Eden, 29 September 1957, Macmillan dep c 310; Sir Arthur Porritt, ‘Views from the Top’,
Twentieth Century
, 171 (autumn 1962), pp. 82, 85.

16
. Kenneth Barrett, ‘These Doctors Make Me Angry’,
News of the World
, 17 January 1960, p. 7.

17
. Memorandum of British Medical Association, December 1955, CHP/95, NA HO 345/9. Dr Ernest Claxton was secretary to the sub-committee which prepared the report, and wrote much of it.

Five: Good-Time Girls

1
.
Elizabeth Taylor,
A Game of Hide-and-Seek
(1951), p. 56; ‘Anne Crossman’,
The Times
, 13 October 2008; Janice Galloway,
All Made Up
(2011), p. 85.

2
. C. C. Cabot, ‘You’ve hooked him but he wants you to go too far’,
Sunday Pictorial
, 18 November 1962, p. 22; see also Jessica Mann,
The Fifties Mystique
(2012), pp. 130–32.

3
. Simon Szreter and Kate Fisher,
Sex Before the Sexual Revolution: Intimate Life in England, 1918–63
(2011), p. 127; Victor Durand QC, Lewes Assizes, 26 March 1963, NA ASSI 36/387; John Bloom,
It’s No Sin to Make a Profit
(1971), p. 154.

4
. Personal recollection; Colin MacInnes,
Out of the Way
(1979), p. 248.

5
. Siriol Hugh-Jones, ‘We Witless Women’,
Twentieth Century
, 169 (July 1961), pp. 16–17.

6
. BBC Panorama interview with Nancy Astor 1959, accessed youtube.com 11 May 2011; Lord Llewellin, House of Lords debates, 4 February 1953, 180, col 220.

7
. Lord Rea, House of Lords debates, 3 December 1957, 206, col 629; Earl Ferrers, ibid, cols 709–11; Ivy Compton-Burnett,
Pastors and Masters
(1925), p. 111.

8
. Jessica Mann,
The Fifties Mystique
(2012), is a cool, sane account of Englishwomen’s experiences in the 1950s.

9
. Fienburgh,
No Love for Johnnie
, p. 128; Michael Rubenstein, ‘When a Marriage Starts to Split’,
Twentieth Century
, 172 (summer 1963), p. 77.

10
. ‘Marriage and Happiness’,
New Statesman
, 31 March 1956, p. 296; Oliver McGregor, ‘Why Our Sexual Ethics are in a Mess’,
Twentieth Century
, 171 (spring 1963), p. 112.

11
. Dorothy Macmillan to Nancy Astor, Chatsworth, nd [January 1933], Astor papers 3748.

12
. Wayland Young, ‘Sitting on a Fortune’,
Encounter
, 12 (May 1959), pp. 20–1.

13
. Lena Jeger, ‘The Politics of Family Planning’,
Political Quarterly
, 33 (1962), pp. 48–9; Hera Cook,
The Long Sexual Revolution
(2004), pp. 131–35.