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26.
Malcolm Lader interview, January 12, 2009.

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35.
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Ashton,
Benzodiazepines
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41.
Hughes,
The Tranquilizing of America
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CNS Drugs
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44.
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Bulletin of the World Health Organization
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45.
Maletzky, “Addiction to diazepam.”

46.
R. Caplan, “Social effects of diazepam use,”
Social Science & Medicine
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47.
H. Ashton, “Tranquillisers,”
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48.
Ashton,
Benzodiazepines
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49.
Stevan Gressitt interview, January 9, 2009.

50.
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, SAMHSA,
Mental Health, United
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Government Accountability Office,
Young Adults with Serious Mental Illness
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R. Vasile, “Results of a naturalistic longitudinal study of benzodiazepine and SSRI use in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder and social phobia,”
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53.
Malcolm Lader interview, January 12, 2009.

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C. Dewa, “Depression in the workplace,” A Report to the Ontario Roundtable on Appropriate Prescribing, November 2001.

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A. Solomon,
The Noonday Demon
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001), 289.

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C. Goshen, editor,
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(New York: Philosophical Library, 1967), 118–20.

4.
Solomon,
The Noonday Demon
, 286.

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E. Wolpert, editor,
Manic-Depressive Illness
(New York: International Universities Press, 1997), 34.

6.
C. Silverman,
The Epidemiology of Depression
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7.
Ibid, 79, 142.

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F. Ayd,
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(New York: Grune & Stratton, 1961), 13.

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A. Zis, “Major affective disorder as a recurrent illness,”
Archives of General Psychiatry
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G. Winokur,
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American Journal of Psychiatry
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D. Schuyler,
The Depressive Spectrum
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Journal of the American Medical Association
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Journal of the American Medical Association
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Winokur,
Manic Depressive Illness
, 19.

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Schuyler,
The Depressive Spectrum
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British Medical Journal
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30.
J.D. Van Scheyen, “Recurrent vital depressions,”
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31.
Ibid.

32.
R. Mindham, “An evaluation of continuation therapy with tricyclic antidepressants in depressive illness,”
Psychological Medicine
3 (1973): 5–17.

33.
M. Stein, “Maintenance therapy with amitriptyline,”
American Journal of Psychiatry
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34.
R. Prien, “Drug therapy in the prevention of recurrences in unipolar and bipolar affective disorders,”
Archives of General Psychiatry
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35.
M. Shea, “Course of depressive symptoms over follow-up,”
Archives of General Psychiatry
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36.
A. Viguera, “Discontinuing antidepressant treatment in major depression,”
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38.
G. Fava, “Do antidepressant and antianxiety drugs increase chronicity in affective disorders?”
Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
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G. Fava, “Can long-term treatment with antidepressant drugs worsen the course of depression?”
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
64 (2003): 123–33.

40.
Ibid.

41.
G. Fava, “Holding on: depression, sensitization by antidepressant drugs, and the prodigal experts,”
Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
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CNS Drugs
12 (1999): 247–56.

42.
R. Baldessarini, “Risks and implications of interrupting maintenance psychotropic drug therapy,”
Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
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43.
R. El-Mallakh, “Can long-term antidepressant use be depressogenic?”
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
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44.
“Editorial sparks debate on effects of psychoactive drugs,”
Psychiatric News
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45.
Consensus Development Panel, “Mood disorders,”
American Journal of Psychiatry
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46.
R. Hales, editor,
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J. Geddes, “Relapse prevention with antidepressant drug treatment in depressive disorders,”
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48.
L. Judd, “Does incomplete recovery from first lifetime major depressive episode herald a chronic course of illness?”
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49.
R. Tranter, “Prevalence and outcome of partial remission in depression,”
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50.
Hales,
Textbook of Psychiatry
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51.
J. Rush, “One-year clinical outcomes of depressed public sector outpatients,”
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52.
Ibid.

53.
D. Warden, “The star*d project results,”
Current Psychiatry Reports
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54.
NIMH,
Depression
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55.
D. Deshauer, “Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for unipolar depression,”
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56.
C. Ronalds, “Outcome of anxiety and depressive disorders in primary care,”
British Journal of Psychiatry
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57.
E. Weel-Baumgarten, “Treatment of depression related to recurrence,”
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58.
S. Patten, “The impact of antidepressant treatment on population health,”
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59.
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60.
Dewa, “Depression in the workplace.”

61.
W. Coryell, “Characteristics and significance of untreated major depressive disorder,”
American Journal of Psychiatry
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62.
J. Moncrieff, “Trends in sickness benefits in Great Britain and the contribution of mental disorders,”
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63.
T. Helgason, “Antidepressants and public health in Iceland,”
British Journal of Psychiatry
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64.
R. Rosenheck, “The growth of psychopharmacology in the 1990s,”
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65.
M. Posternak, “The naturalistic course of unipolar major depression in the absence of somatic therapy,”
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66.
Ibid. Also see M. Posternak, “Untreated short-term course of major depression,”
Journal of Affective Disorders
66 (2001): 139–46.

67.
J. Cole, editor,
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68.
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69.
M. Fava, “A cross-sectional study of the prevalence of cognitive and physical symptoms during long-term antidepressant treatment,”
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
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70.
M. Kalia, “Comparative study of fluoxetine, sibutramine, sertraline and defenfluramine on the morphology of serotonergic nerve terminals using serotonin immunohistochemistry,”
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