Authors: Michael Erard
dreaming in,
48
–49
emotional attachment to,
22
,
141
–42,
262
endangered,
9
–10
extinct,
9
–10,
247
,
251
,
293
fatal failure and confusion in,
55
“feel” for,
263
–64
fluency in,
20
,
24
–25,
43
,
46
,
48
,
53
,
72
,
74
,
92
,
95
,
247
,
259
interpreting of,
21
–22,
36
,
45
,
71
,
149
,
153
–54
keeping
up skills of,
24
–25,
105
,
251
,
257
–58
“knowing” of,
22
–24,
48
,
50
–51,
54
,
56
“living” in,
24
love of,
141
–42
mastery of,
44
,
46
,
53
,
74
,
108
,
142
memory decay and,
18
,
73
,
102
n,
137
mimicking of,
46
,
63
,
71
,
231
–32
minority,
80
miscommunication in,
12
,
55
,
157
national,
51
,
84
native speakers of,
9
,
10
,
14
,
18
,
23
,
44
–46,
51
,
56
,
63
,
243
,
261
new languages connected to ancestral,
10
non-native speakers of,
7
–10,
18
,
53
–54,
84
official,
51
,
54
–55,
218
proficiency in,
51
,
53
,
54
,
61
,
104
,
140
–41,
182
,
259
reactivation of,
9
–10,
216
reading of,
12
,
19
,
21
,
34
,
39
,
40
–41,
47
–48,
56
,
116
,
226
receptive skills of,
47
–48
related,
10
,
17
religious myths of,
5
,
12
repetition and clarification in,
55
retention of,
164
–65
simultaneous multilingual uses of,
7
–8,
10
,
11
singing
in,
10
,
88
–89,
136
,
231
sounds and rhythms of,
11
,
231
–32
spoken,
9
,
12
,
19
–24,
43
,
49
,
56
,
81
,
87
structure of,
11
,
56
switching easily among,
11
,
63
,
95
,
137
–40,
225
,
227
,
228
testing of ability in,
6
,
16
–17,
51
,
53
,
109
,
126
,
136
–37,
140
–41,
152
,
182
,
233
n
thinking in,
49
tribal,
21
unification of,
51
written,
9
,
10
,
12
,
21
,
34
,
39
,
56
without written forms,
21
Lanveur, Miss,
57
Lappish language,
42
Latin language,
4
,
6
,
8
,
23
,
30
,
32
,
43
,
79
,
104
,
118
,
138
,
252
Italian language related to,
17
study of,
33
,
34
,
107
translating into,
34
,
39
,
58
translation of,
30
Vulgate,
58
Latinos,
22
Leatherstocking Tales
(Cooper),
40
Leborgne “Tan Tan,”
156
Leischner, A.,
73
–74
Lenin, Vladimir, brain of,
154
–55,
172
Lessing, Ferdinand,
153
Lettish language,
42
Lever, Charles,
5
levitation,
32
Lewan, Magnus,
110
lexicon,
22
Lex Language Project,
see
Hippo Family Club
Library of Congress, U.S.,
154
,
286
Library of Pisa,
6
Life of Cardinal Mezzofanti, The
(Russell),
41
–44,
277
,
285
,
294
linguistic creativity,
46
linguistic relativity hypothesis,
49
linguists,
13
,
22
,
25
,
50
,
67
–68,
80
–83
literacy,
12
,
22
,
33
,
39
–40,
70
,
150
Lithuania,
91
n
Livonian language,
31
Lomb Kató,
100
,
101
–4,
101,
138
–39,
212
,
215
,
227
,
239
,
263
,
283
–84,
293
London,
41
as most multilingual city,
10
,
71
,
278
Longfellow,
Henry Wadsworth,
75
Lord’s Prayer,
11
McDonnell Douglas MD-82 jet crash (1993),
55