Bonnie Prince Charlie: Charles Edward Stuart (Pimlico) (112 page)

1
Tomasson,
Jacobite General
, p.217.

2
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

3
O’Sullivan, p.159.

4
Murray, ‘Marches’, p.123.

5
Elcho, p.429.

6
R A Stuart M 11, p.265.

7
R A Cumberland 68/11.37.22.

8
Murray, ‘Marches’, p.123.

9
R A Cumberland 68/11.37.22.

10
Elcho, p.428.

11
It is possible to speculate that Charles Edward’s morbid fear of being besieged was an overdetermined process, triggered both by the débâcle at Carlisle and by the childhood impression inculcated at Gaeta that he was always to be the besieger, never the besieged. The Gaeta experience would also help to explain the pointless insistence on besieging Stirling Castle.

12
Elcho, p.430.

13
R A Cumberland 68/11.37.22.

14
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.lxviii.

15
Ibid
., p.lxvix.

16
R A Stuart M 11, p.263.

17
L M
, i, p.266.

18
Home’s
History
, p.368.

19
The prince admitted to O’Heguerty that for the first time ever, on the morning of 16 April, he regarded his affairs in an utterly hopeless light (R A Stuart M 11, p.265).

20
Tomasson and Buist,
Battles of the ’45
, op.cit., p.144.

21
R A Stuart M 11, pp.266–7.

22
L M
, ii, p.277.

23
L P
, ii, p.509.

24
R A Stuart M 11, pp.267–8.

25
O’Sullivan, p.160. The prince later claimed that he was forced to accede to Murray’s demand for the place of honour for fear of treachery if he refused (R A Stuart M 11, pp.268–9).

26
Tomasson and Buist, op.cit., p.148.

27
R A Cumberland 68/11.37.22.

28
Tomasson and Buist, p.155.

29
Elcho, p.431.

30
R A Stuart M 11, p.270.

31
R A Cumberland 68/11.37.22.

32
R A Stuart M 11, pp.271–2.

33
Tayler,
Jacobite Epilogue
, p.63.

34
Maxwell of Kirkconnell, p.151; Elcho, pp.431–2.

35
R A Stuart M 11, p.273.

36
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

37
S P Scotland 30 No.19.

38
S P Scotland 30 No.21.

39
Home’s
History
, p.229.

40
O’Sullivan, p.161.

41
Ibid
., p.162.

42
R A Stuart M 11, p.271.

43
L M
, ii, p.278.

44
L M
, ii, p.225.

45
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

46
L M
, ii, p.225.

47
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.239.

48
L M
, i, p.362.

49
Tomasson and Buist, p.167.

50
S P Scotland 30, No.21.

51
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.418.

52
Tomasson and Buist, p.170.

53
Speck,
The Butcher
, p.143.

54
R A Stuart M 11, p.273.

55
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

56
Ibid
.

57
R A Cumberland 68/11.37.22.

58
Stowe MSS 158, ff.211–14.

59
John Prebble,
Culloden
(1961), pp.88–91.

60
Tomasson and Buist, p.175.

61
H M C, 10, i, p.443.

62
R A Stuart M 11, p.274.

63
R A Cumberland 68/11.37.22.

64
Home’s
History
, p.233.

65
R A Stuart M 11, p.275; Home’s
History
, p.233.

66
S P Scotland 30 No.21.

67
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

68
Elcho, pp.432–3.

69
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

70
R A Stuart M 11, p.275.

71
Prebble,
Culloden
, pp.105–6.

72
H M C, 10, i, p.444.

73
R A Stuart M 11, p.277.

74
Home’s
History
, pp.234–5.

75
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

76
R A Stuart M 11, p.277.

77
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

78
O’Sullivan, p.164.

79
Blaikie,
Origins
(‘John Daniel’s account’), p.214.

80
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

81
Ibid
.

82
O’Sullivan, p.164.

83
Ibid
.

84
Elcho, p.434.

85
H M C, Laing, ii, p.367.

86
RA Stuart 307/173.

87
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.227.

88
Prebble,
Culloden
, pp.114–17.

89
Elcho, p.436.

90
L M
, i, p.190.

91
Tomasson and Buist, pp.194–5.

92
O’Sullivan, p.167; Tayler,
Jacobite Miscellany
, p.185.

93
As Murray pointed out bitterly in his acrimonious letter to the prince on 17 April (see Tayler,
Jacobite Epilogue
, p.63).

94
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

95
R A Stuart M 11, p.276.

96
Tomasson and Buist, p.190.

97
Maxwell of Kirkconnell, p.151.

98
R A Stuart M 11, pp.264–5.

99
L M
, ii, pp.278–9.

100
R A Stuart M 11, p.285.

101
Tomasson,
Jacobite General
, p.252.

102
R A Stuart 307/173.

103
Bruce A. Rosenberg,
Custer and the Epic of Defeat
(Pennsylvania, 1974), pp.1–2.

104
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.228.

105
Cordara, p.130; Elcho, p.436.

106
W. C. Mackenzie,
Simon Fraser, Lord Lovat
, op.cit., pp.330–1. Lovat at first urged the prince to fight on in the spirit of Robert the Bruce but could see no future in guerrilla warfare.

107
R A Cumberland 68/11.37.22.

108
Maxwell of Kirkconnell, p.158.

109
L M
, i, p.363;
Spalding Club Miscellany
I (1841), p.43.

110
Tomasson and Buist, p.204.

111
Tayler,
Jacobite Epilogue
, pp.63–4. Compton Mackenzie described Lord George’s letter as ‘contemptible’. The historian Bruce Lenman states (
Jacobite Clans of the Great Glen
, op.cit., p.164): ‘Alas it was mostly plain fact.’ Both views lack psychological subtlety. ‘Contemptible’ is not a helpful characterisation of a man’s actions in the heat of the moment. But equally, only Wallace Stevens’s ‘logical lunatic’ produces statements of ‘plain fact’ at such a traumatic moment.

112
Elcho, p.437.

113
Chevalier de Johnstone, p.148.

114
R A Stuart 273/117.

115
Chevalier de Johnstone, p.148; Tomasson,
Jacobite General
, p.251.

1
Blaikie,
Origini
, p.228.

2
L M
, i, p.68.

3
L P
, ii, p.540.

4
L M
, i, p.321; O’Sullivan, p.168.

5
L M
, i, p.321.

6
L M
, i, p.191.

7
R A Stuart 307/173.

8
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

9
L M
, i, p.69.

10
L M
, i, p.91.

11
L M
, i, p.322.

12
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.229.

13
L M
, iii, p.376.

14
O’Sullivan, p.169.

15
L M
, i, pp.161–2.

16
L M
, i, p.69.

17
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.230.

18
Browne,
History of the Highlands
, op.cit., iii, p.263;
L M
, i, pp.103,368.

19
Cordara, p.133; O’Sullivan, p.169.

20
O’Sullivan, p.172.

21
L M
, i, p.163.

22
Add. MSS 34,526 f.66.

23
L M
, i, p.163.

24
L M
, i, p.104.

25
R A Stuart 280/19.

26
R A Stuart 307/173.

27
Tayler,
Jacobite Miscellany
, p.l 15.

28
R A Stuart M 11, p.296.

29
Add. MSS 34,526 f.66; O’Sullivan, p.175.

30
L M
, i, p.165.

31
Add. MSS 34,526 f.67.

32
R A Stuart 307/173.

33
Ibid
.

34
L M
, i, p.69.

35
L M
, i, p.304.

36
R A Stuart 307/173.

37
O’Sullivan, p.178.

38
Ibid
.

39
L M
, i, p.323.

40
R A Stuart M 11, pp.292–4.

41
O’Sullivan, p.173.

42
R A Stuart M 11, p.295.

43
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.233;
L M
, i, p.69.

44
Add. MSS 34,526 f.67.

45
O’Sullivan, p.179.

46
Tayler,
Jacobite Miscellany
, p.115;
L M
, i, p.166.

47
R A Stuart 307/173.

48
L M
, i, p.193.

49
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

50
R A Stuart 307/173; Add. MSS 34,526 f.68.

51
O’Sullivan, p.180;
L M
, i, p.167.

52
L M
, i, pp.169,191.

53
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.234; O’Sullivan, p.180.

54
L M
, i, p.325.

55
Charles Edward claimed to have preempted this possibility by stating that he had a large party of clansmen with him (R A Stuart 307/173).

56
L M
, i, p.369.

57
Add. MSS 34,526 f.68.

58
O’Sullivan, p.181.

59
R A Stuart M 11, p.300.

60
R A Stuart 280/20.

61
O’Sullivan, p.182.

62
L M
, i, pp.192,325.

63
L M
, i, p.172.

64
Stowe MSS 158 f.221.

65
Blaikie,
Origins
, pp.236–7.

66
R A Stuart. M 11, p.303.

67
O’Sullivan, p.183.

68
See below p.274.

69
R A Stuart M 11, p.304.

70
O’Sullivan, pp.183–4.

71
L M
, i, p.193.

72
R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.

73
L M
, i, p.173.

74
L M
, i, pp.170,173,193.

75
R A Stuart 307/175.

76
O’Sullivan, p.184.

77
Cordara, p.146.

78
O’Sullivan, p.184.

79
L M
, i, p.326.

80
Albemarle Papers
, op.cit., i, pp.69,74; Blaikie,
Origins
, p.239.

81
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.239.

82
L M
, i, p.370.

83
L M
, i, p.327.

84
L M
, i, p.194.

85
O’Sullivan, p.187.

86
L M
, i, p.194.

87
For this story see Eric Linklater,
The Prince in the Heather
(1965), pp.42–4.

88
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.241.

89
The sojourn at Borrodale is particularly rich in detail. Apart from the prince’s own account (R A Stuart 307/175), there is Neal MacEachain’s memoir (Blaikie,
Origins
, op. cit.), O’Sullivan’s history and the testimony of O’Neill (Stowe MSS 158;
Albemarle Papers
, i, pp.71–6).

90
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.241.

91
R A Stuart 307/175. The prince’s memories of this episode look even more curious when we recall that it was almost certainly
Murray of Broughton
, not Lord George Murray, who sent this message (cf. O’Sullivan, p.188). The psychological explanation is almost certainly that the prince conflated the two Murrays in his mind as traitors (Murray of Broughton turned king’s evidence to save his own skin when captured by the Hanoverians). This is an interesting example of failure to distinguish illusion from reality. Murray of Broughton was certainly a traitor; Lord. George was not.

92
Blaikie,
Origins
, p.241.

93
Add. MSS 34,526 f.70.

94
R A Stuart 307/175.

95
Browne, op.cit., iii, p.445.

96
Blaikie.
Origins
, p.241.

97
For a full account see Prebble,
Culloden
, op.cit., Chapter Four.

98
Home’s
History
, p.384;
L M
, i, p.88.

99
H M C, Various Colls, viii, p.167; H M C, 14, ix, p.145.

100
R A Cumberland 69/11.38.12.

101
M C P
, v, p.70; H M C, Laing, ii, p.367.

102
Scots Magazine
, 1746, p.238.

103
McLynn,
France and the ’45
, op.cit., p.221; Elcho, pp.441–2.

104
R A Cumberland 14/427.

105
John Gibson,
Ships of the ’45
(1967), pp.36–41.

106
See above p.271.

107
McLynn,
France and the ’45
, op.cit., pp.221
et seq
.

108
Morelli, i, pp.311–12,338.

109
R A Stuart 275/150,175; Tayler,
Stuart Papers
, p.181.

110
Benedict to Tencin, 13 April 1746, Morelli, i, pp.331–2.

111
Benedict to Tencin, 9 February 1746, Morelli, i, p.313.

112
Benedict to Tencin, 6 June 1746, Morelli, i, p.345.

113
S P Scotland 31 No.25.

114
S P Scotland 32 No.4.

115
For details of the hunt for the prince from the Whig point of view see H M C, 10, i, p.290; H M C, II, p.24; IV, p.8l; 12, v, p.198; H M C, Hastings, iii, p.57.

116
Fergusson,
Argyll in the ’45
, op.cit., p.180.

117
L M
, i, p.328.

118
R A Stuart 307/175; R A Stuart M 11, p.318.