Chasing Gold: The Incredible Story of How the Nazis Stole Europe's Bullion (71 page)

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Authors: George M. Taber

BOOK: Chasing Gold: The Incredible Story of How the Nazis Stole Europe's Bullion
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25.
  Have attracted attention: Alfred Draper,
Operation Fish
, pp. 116-119.
26.
  With the Nazis.
Ibid
.; Donald A. Bertke and Don Kindell,
World War II Sea War
, Vol. 2, Ships messages May 10-May 20, 1940.
27.
  Sitting in her lap: Alfred Draper,
Operation Fish
, p. 121.
28.
  Breakfast at 09.15: Donald A. Bertke and Don Kindell,
World War II Sea War
, Vol. 2, Listings May 10-May 20, 1940.
29.
  Nearly five years: Adolphe Lepotier,
La Battaille de l’Or
, p. 133.
30.
  Commander John Younghusband: Donald A. Bertke and Don Kindell,
World War II Sea War Vol. 2
, Listings May 10-May 20, 1940.
31.
  Ordered to blow up: Gerard Aalders,
Eksters
, pp. 24-25.
32.
  Hook of Holland: TCA Holland, p. 2. NACP RG59/62D115 Box 23.
33.
  A tempting target: Alfred Draper,
Operation Fish
, pp. 131-134.
34.
  The British soldiers:
Ibid
., p. 130.
35.
  On both cheeks: Jacques Benoist-Méchin,
Sixty Days that Shook the West,
p. 89.
36.
  Center of the city: Hugh Trevor-Rober, Hitler’s Directives, pp. 64-65.
37.
  A capitulation order: TCA Holland. NACP RG59/62D115 Box 23.
38.
  Bottom of the waterway: Interview with Ronald Dijkstra, author of the forthcoming book on the rescue of the Dutch gold,
Failed Gold Transport
.
39.
  At the Reichsbank: IMT EC-3724.
40.
  Saving 70.6 tons: TCA Holland, p. 2, NACP RG59/62D115 Box 23. London Gold Conference, pp. 355-358.
CHAPTER SIXTEEN: BELGIUM AND LUXEMBOURG TRUST FRANCE
1.
    Financing for it: Ernest Mühlen:
Monnaie et circuits financiers au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg
. TCA, Luxembourg. NACP RG59/62D115 Box 21.
2.
    A small country: Walter and Jan Pluym,
Or à la Dérive
, pp. 8-10.
3.
    Slightly dictatorial temperament:
Ibid
., p. 21.
4.
    Antwerp for London: Herman Van der Wee and Monqui Vrbreyt,
A Small Nation in the Turmoil of the Second World War
, p. 25.
5.
    Moving it to France: Pierre Kauch,
Le Vol de l’Or de la Banque National par les Nazis 1940-1943
, pp. 6-7.
6.
    Under French control: BNB, Boekhouding, I, dossier 601.I.
7.
    South Africa Reserve Bank: BNB, Boekhouding, 2, file 88.02.02.00.
8.
    Belgian-French coast: Alister Horne,
To Lose a Battle
, pp. 124-125 and 220-223.
9.
    Would come first: Camille Gutt,
La Belgique au Carrefour
, 1940-1944, p. 125.
10.
  Was a military secret: Walter and Jan Pluym,
Or à la Dérive
, pp. 6-9.
11.
  And the king’s: Paul-Henri Spaak,
Continuing Battle
, pp. 46-47.
12.
  With the currency: Herman Van der Wee and Monique Verbreyt,
A Small Nation
, p. 41.
13.
  Duration of the war:
Revue Générale
, February 1985.
L’Or et les valuers de la Banque Nationale dans la tourmente de 1940
.
14.
  To the French: Jean Crombois,
Camille Gutt and Postwar Internaitonal Finance
, p. 34. Herman Van der Wee and Monique Verbreyt,
A Small Nation
, pp. 45-67.
15.
  Go on fighting: Orville H. Bullitt,
For the President Personal & Secret
, p. 433 Bullitt telegram 912.
16.
  Puppet king’s request: Pierre d’Ydewalle,
De Memoires 1912-1940
, pp. 397-398. Roger Keyes,
Outrageous Fortune
, pp. 357-359.
17.
  Onto British vessels: Revue Générale, Hubert Ansiaux,
L’Or et les valuers de la Banque Nationale dans la tourmente de 1940
.
18.
  But he left: Camille Gutt, pp. 60-62. His testimony in the case of Daniel De Gorter and Henri Wild v. Banque de France, Supreme Court, County of New York, 1940.
19.
  A military secret: Revue Générale, Hubert Ansiaux,
L’Or et les valuers de la Banque Nationale dans la tourmente de 1940
.
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN: THE FALL OF FRANCE
1.
    Stepping around Europe:
Federal Reserve Bulletin, January 1941
, Gold, Capital Flow and Trade During War. Liaquat Ahamed,
Lords of Finance
, pp. 376-377.
2.
    The new war: Adolphe Leportier,
La Bataille de l’Or
, pp. 80-93. William Slany,
U.S. Allied Wartime and Postwar Relations and Negotiations with Argentina et. al
., p. xlv. FNB, Box 372. 1280200801.
3.
    Or so lonely: Jean Monnet,
Memoirs
, p. 124.
4.
    Halifax with 147 tons: HM January 4, 1940, 233:227
5.
    Wonderful so far: Alistair Horne,
To Lose a Battle
, p. 283.
6.
    Rapid Nazi offensive: Erich von Manstein,
Lost Victories
, p. 121.
7.
    The French army: Orville H. Bullitt,
For the President Personal & Secret
, p. 426.
8.
    Escape the conflict: Lucient Lamoureux,
La sauvetage de l’Or en 1940, Revue des Deux Mondes
, June 1, 1962, pp. 348-360.
9.
    Own country’s defense: Winston Churchill,
The Second World War, Their Finest Hour
, p. 42.
10.
  Need of argument:
Ibid
., pp. 45-49.
11.
  Officer on board: Adolphe Leportier
La Bataille de l’Or
, pp. 107-120.
12.
  Pounds of gold:
Ibid
. pp. 121-128.
13.
  To the Luftwaffe:
Ibid
.
14.
  Most decisive mistakes: Erich von Manstein,
Lost Victories
, p. 124.
15.
  As possible stop: Adolphe Leportier,
La Bataille de l’Or
, pp. 129-130.
16.
  Trip to Europe:
Ibid
. pp. 148-164.
17.
  Man who has fought: Frans de Waal,
Peacemaking Among Primates
. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1990.
18.
  Out of Halifax: IMT EC-1618.
19.
  Enough for me: Tristan Gaston-Breton,
Sauvez l’Or de la France!
, pp. 15-16.
20.
  Out of the country:
Ibid
., pp. 15-25.
21.
  Ending hostilities: Jacques Benoist-Mechin,
Sixty Days that Shook the West
, p. 382.
22.
  Lots of gold: Internet, ambafrance-us.org/IMG/pdf/General_de_Gaulles_Address_-_June_22_1940.pdf.
23.
  Have to wait: René Auque and Paul Carré,
Le Croiseur Émile Bertain
, pp. 68-75.
24.
  Late that night:
Ibid
.
Inspecter General Report by Martial. Banque de France report by Millain on February 2, 1948
.
25.
  Also have cannons: Banque de France report on the incidents from June 18-21, 1940. FNB 1060200101-27, 1280199901/91.
26.
  In three stop:
Ibid
.
27.
  Get out fast:
Ibid
.
28.
  Land at Dakar: Martin Gilbert,
The Churchill War Papers
, Vol. II, p. 400.
29.
  Fuel oil left: Adolphe Leportier,
La Bataille de l’Or
, p. 139. Martial report to the Banque de France. 1280199901/91.
30.
  Did not move: HM, 256:156, February 11, 1942.
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN: THE VATICAN’S SECRET GOLD
1.
    With the Pope:
New York Times
, December 24, 1939. “Envoy to Vatican Ends 72-Year Gap.” p. 12.
Wartime Correspondence Between President Roosevelt and Pope Pius XII
. pp. 17-19.
2.
    CEO until 1938:
Time
magazine, April 22, 1929. W. David Curtiss,
Cornell Benefactor, Industrial Czar, and FDR’s Ambassador Extraordinary
, www.lawschool.cornell.edu/library.
3.
    The European situation:
New York Times
. November 6, 2936, “Pacelli Lunches With Roosevelt.” p. 1.
4.
    More permanent peace: Myron Taylor,
Wartime Correspondence
, p. 11.
5.
    The United States: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, February 28, 1940.
6.
    From a pedestal: Owen Chadwich,
Britain and the Vatican During World War II
, p. 101.
7.
    Not carefully considered: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, Folder “
Documentation of the Mission of President Roosevelt to his Holiness Pope Pius XII by His Personal Representative Myron C. Taylor 1940-1945
.” April 20, 1940.
8.
    Mouthpiece of the Jews: Owen Chadwich,
Britain and the Vatican During World War II
, p. 109.
9.
    To do worse:
Ibid
., p. 111.
10.
  Days to come: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, May 10, 1940.
11.
  Recommended to him: W. David Curtiss,
Cornell Benefactor
.
12.
  Until the end: Taylor fourth audience, FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, May 11, 1940.
13.
  Avoid any publicity: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, May 17, 1940.
14.
  Handling this business: NYFED C261 Italy-Vatican State folder, June 12, 1940.
15.
  The next day:
Ibid
.
16.
  Deal in gold:
Ibid
. May 22, 1940 memo.
17.
  Keep quiet: NYFED C261 Italy-Vatican State, June 12, 1940.
18.
  Other foreign accounts: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, May 20, 1940.
19.
  Way by this: NYFED C261 Vatican State.
20.
  About the transfer: BA FO 371/25194 and 371/24935/98.
21.
  New York Fed: NYFED C 261 Vatican State. June 23 report and June 10 memo.
22.
  Arranged by J. P. Morgan: NYFED C261 Italy State, June 12, 1940.
23.
  Tonight for Florence: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, May 17, 1940.
24.
  End of the line: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, May 17, 1940.
25.
  Hours on anything: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, May 19, 1940.
26.
  Be given him: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, May 17, 1940.
27.
  Duration of the war: NYFED C261 Italy-Vatican State.
28.
  For a time: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, June 14, 1940.
29.
  Care of yourself: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, July 29, 1940.
30.
  Confer with you: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, August 2, 1940.
31.
  The United States: FDR, Papers of Myron Taylor, August 20, 1940.
32.
  To bomb Rome: Robert A. Graham,
The Vatican and Communism During World War II
, pp. 35-40.
33.
  It is wonderful: W. David Curtiss,
Cornell Benefactor, Part II
.
CHAPTER NINETEEN: ESCAPE TO CASABLANCA
1.
    Shipment to the U.S.: Tristan Gaston-Breton,
Sauvez l’Or de la Banque de France
, p. 91.
2.
    As much as 900 tons: Adolphe Leportier,
La Bataille de l’Or
, p. 182.
3.
    Moving it to the fort:

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