Climbing Up to Glory (35 page)

Trudeau, ed.,
Voices of the 55th,
125.

Ibid., 40.

Ibid., 51.

Redkey, ed.,
A Grand Army of Black Men,
205.

Berlin et al., eds.,
Free at Last,
359-60.

Ibid., 389-92.

Ibid., 464; Ira Berlin and Leslie S. Rowland, eds.,
Families and Freedom: A Documentary History of African-American Kinship in the Civil War Era
(New York: New Press, 1992), 97.

Berlin and Rowland, eds.,
Families and Freedom,
100.

Ibid., 99.

Ibid.

McFeely,
Sapelo's People,
78-79.

Redkey ed.,
A Grand Army of Black Men,
159.

Wilbert L. Jenkins,
Seizing the New Day: African Americans in Post-Civil War Charleston
(Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1998), 40.

Reginald Hildebrand, “Methodism, the Military and Freedom” (Paper presented at the annual conference of the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, Chicago, 1990), 5.

Rawick, ed.,
The American Slave,
Vol. 2, Arkansas, Colorado, Minnesota, Missouri, Oregon, and Washington Narratives, 106.

Ibid., Vol. 9, Mississippi Narratives, Part 4, 1877.

Ibid., Vol. 12, Oklahoma Narratives, 242.

Ibid., Vol. 6, Mississippi Narratives, Part 1, 136.

Ibid., Vol. 12, Oklahoma Narratives, 177.

Ibid., Vol. 1, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, Maryland, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Washington Narratives, 20.

Ibid., Vol. 6, Mississippi Narratives, Part 1, 193.

Berlin and Rowland, eds.,
Families and Freedom,
69.

Ibid., 69-70.

Ibid., 71-72.

Ibid., 199-201; Berlin et al., eds.,
Free at Last,
493-95.

Berlin et al., eds.,
Free at Last,
394-95.

Berlin and Rowland, eds.,
Families and Freedom,
201.

Berlin et al., eds.,
Free at Last,
530.

Berlin and Rowland, eds.,
Families and Freedom, 137-38.

Marion B. Lucas,
A History of Blacks in Kentucky,
2 vols. (Lexington: Kentucky Historical Society, 1992), 1:168.

Trudeau, ed.,
Voices of the 55th,
52, 82.

Ibid., 42.

Lucas,
A History of Blacks in Kentucky,
1:167.

Ibid.

Gray ed.,
Army Life in a Black Regiment,
20; Glatthaar,
Forged in Battle,
159.

James M. McPherson,
The Negro's Civil War: How American Negroes Felt and Acted during the Warfor the Union
(New York: Vintage Books, 1965), 211.

Ibid., 212-13; Lucas,
A History of Blacks in Kentucky,
1:169; Glatthaar,
Forged in Battle,
226.

McPherson,
The Negro's Civil War,
211.

Glatthaar,
Forged in Battle,
226-27.

Lucas,
A History of Blacks in Kentucky,
1:169.

Adams, ed.,
On the Altar of Freedom,
85-86.

Redkey, ed.,
A Grand Army of Black
Men, 119-21.

Ervin L. Jordan Jr.,
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees in Civil War Virginia
(Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1995), 283.

Ibid., 285; Hampton Institute,
The Negro in Virginia: Compiled by Workers of the Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the State of Virginia
(New York: Hastings House, 1940), 199.

Ella Forbes,
African American Women during the Civil War
(New York: Garland, 1998), 41-42.

Sterling, ed.,
We Are Your Sisters,
259.

Donald Yacovone, ed.,
A Voice of Thunder: The Civil War Letters of
George E.
Stephens
(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997), 201.

Patricia W. Romero and Willie Lee Rose, eds.,
Reminiscences of My Life: A Black Woman's Civil War Memoirs
(By Susie King Taylor) (New York: Markus Wiener, 1988), 11-12.

Rawick, ed.,
The American Slave,
Vol. 9, Mississippi Narratives, Part 4, 1903-1904.

Redkey, ed.,
A Grand Army of Black Men,
123-25.

Jordan,
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees,
283.

Redkey, ed.,
A Grand Army of Black Men,
170.

Whittington B. Johnson,
Black Savannah, 1788-1864
(Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1996), 166.

Harding,
There Is a River,
253.

Hampton Institute,
The Negro in Virginia,
188.

Johnson,
Black Savannah,
166.

Quarles,
The Negro in the Making,
121-22.

Jordan,
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees,
128.

Russell Duncan, ed.,
Blue-Eyed Child of Fortune: The Civil War Letters of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw
(Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1992), 372.

Jordan,
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees,
128.

Ibid., 130.

Martha Hodes,
White Women, Black Men: Illicit Sex in the 19th-Century South
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997), 139-40.

Jordan,
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees,
131.

Ibid., 132.

Hodes,
White Women, Black Men,
141-42.

Jordan,
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees,
132.

Hodes,
White Women, Black Men,
141, 143.

Jordan,
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees,
133.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Rawick, ed.,
The American Slave,
Vol. 2, Arkansas, Colorado, Minnesota, Missouri, Oregon, and Washington Narratives, 125.

Peter Bardaglio, “The Children of Jubilee: African American Childhood in Wartime,” in Catherine Clinton and Nina Silber, eds.,
Divided Houses: Gender and the Civil War
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), 218-19.

Ibid., 219.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Ibid., 220.

Ibid., 220-21.

Ibid., 221.

Ibid.

Franklin and Moss,
From Slavery to Freedom,
212.

Hampton Institute,
The Negro in Virginia,
193.

Rawick, ed.,
The American Slave,
Vol. 9, Mississippi Narratives, Part 4, 1475.

Ibid., Vol. 7, Mississippi Narratives, Part 2, 618.

Ibid., Vol. 7, Mississippi Narratives, Part 2, 553.

Ibid., Vol. 5, Texas Narratives, Part 4, 1852.

Ibid., Vol. 6, Mississippi Narratives, Part 1, 185.

Ibid., Vol. 8, Mississippi Narratives, Part 3, 1107.

Ibid., Vol. 7, Mississippi Narratives, Part 2, 398.

Ibid., Vol. 8, Mississippi Narratives, Part 3, 890.

Jordan,
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees,
191.

Richard Rollins, “Black Southerners in Gray,” in Richard Rollins, ed.,
Black Southerners in Gray: Essays on Afro-Americans in Confederate Armies
(Redondo Beach, CA: Rank and File Publications, 1994), 12.

Ibid., 15.

Rawick, ed.,
The American Slave,
Vol. 1, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, Maryland, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Washington Narratives, 139-41.

Ibid., Vol. 7, Mississippi Narratives, Part 2, 451.

Jordan,
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees,
225.

Rawick, ed.,
The American Slave, Vol.
10, Texas Narratives, Part 9, 4260.

Rollins, “Black Southerners in Gray,” 2.

Franklin and Moss,
From Slavery to Freedom,
213.

See, for example, James G. Hollandsworth Jr.,
The Louisiana Native Guards: The Black Military Experience during the Civil War
(Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1995).

Rollins, “Black Southerners in Gray,” 2.

Ibid., 20.

Jordan,
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees,
228.

Johnson,
Black Savannah,
157-58.

Jenkins,
Seizing the New Day,
23.

Rollins, “Black Southerners in Gray,” 4.

Jordan,
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees,
226.

Rollins, “Black Southerners in Gray,” 4.

Hampton Institute,
The Negro in Virginia,
250.