Coming Fury, Volume 1 (78 page)

8.
Mary Boykin Chesnut,
A Diary from Dixie
, (cited hereafter as Mrs. Chesnut), 10–11, 21–22, 142.

1.
Nicolay & Hay, Vol. II, 284–85.

2.
William E. Baringer,
Campaign Technique in Illinois—1860
; Illinois State Historical Society Transactions for the Year 1932, 249.

3.
Ibid, 253–56.

4.
The Railsplitter
was published between Aug. 1 and Oct. 27, 1860. The quotations in the text are from a reprint by the Abraham Lincoln Bookshop, Chicago.

5.
Baringer, op cit, 261.

6.
Undated paper marked “Form of a reply prepared by Mr. Lincoln with which his private secretary was instructed to answer a numerous class of letters in the campaign of 1860,” in the John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress.

7.
Memorandum dated Nov. 5, 1860, in the Nicolay Papers.

8.
Craven,
The Growth of Southern Nationalism
, 346.

9.
“Speech Delivered by William H. Seward at St. Paul, Sept. 18, 1860,” a pamphlet printed by the Albany
Evening Journal
.

10.
Chadwick,
Causes of the Civil War
, 127.

11.
Ibid, 128, citing
The National Intelligencer
for Oct. 5, 1860.

12.
Edmund Ruffin Diaries, Vol. IV, 677, 682; in the Library of Congress.

13.
Emerson David Fite,
The Presidential Campaign of 1860
, 314, 317–18.

1.
There is a brilliant analysis of this situation in Craven’s
Growth of Southern Nationalism
. Pointing out that the Industrial Revolution had already pronounced the doom of slavery, Craven remarks (340): “Douglas had simply recognized inevitable trends and had adjusted his course to them. But because Southern men resented what ‘progress’ had done to them, they saw in Douglas the symbol of it all and hated him accordingly. By rejecting him they were attempting to repudiate the great forces of change that threatened their civilization.”

2.
George Fort Milton,
The Eve of Conflict
, 492;
The Campaign Plain Dealer and Popular Sovereignty Advocate
, Cleveland, issue of Sept. 1, 1860. (This is an interesting Douglas campaign paper, counterpart of the Republican Party’s
Railsplitter
mentioned in the previous chapter. Facsimile reproductions are published by Lincoln College, Lincoln, Ill.)

3.
Milton, op cit, 493; Fite,
The Presidential Campaign of 1860
, 282.

4.
Howard Cecil Perkins,
Northern Editorials on Secession
, 38–39, 71.

5.
Lucille Stillwell,
John Cabell Breckinridge
, 82–83.

6.
King,
Lincoln’s Manager
, 154–55, 158–59.

7.
Diary of Edmund Ruffin, Vol. IV; Dwight L. Dumond,
Southern
Editorials on Secession
, quoting the Charleston
Mercury
of Oct. 11, 1860.

8.
Dumond, op cit, 185; Dunbar Rowland,
Jefferson Davis, Constitutionalist: His Letters, Papers and Speeches
, Vol. IV, 540.

9.
Nicolay & Hay, Vol. II, 306–7.

10.
Ibid, 307–14.

11.
Milton,
The Eve of Conflict
, 500.

1.
Paul Angle,
Here I Have Lived: a History of Lincoln’s Springfield, 1821–1865
, 251–53; John G. Nicolay to his wife, Nov. 8, 1860, in the Nicolay Papers.

2.
McMaster, Vol. VIII, 476, 478–79; Rhodes, Vol. III, 118.

3.
Johnston and Browne,
Life of Alexander H. Stephens, 564–65
.

4.
Ibid, 370–71; Basler, Vol. IV, 146, 160. In the former book, Lincoln is quoted as saying “… while we think it is wrong and ought to be abolished.” The quotation in the text is from Basler.

5.
Memorandum dated at Springfield, Nov. 15, 1860; from the Nicolay Papers.

6.
New York
Tribune
, Nov. 9, 1860.

7.
Dunbar Rowland, op cit, Vol. IV, 541.

8.
Henry Villard,
Lincoln on the Eve of ’61
, 17.

9.
Donn Piatt,
Memories of Men Who Saved the Union
, 30, 33–34.

1.
Winfield Scott,
Memoirs of Lieut. General Scott, LL.D., Written by Himself
, Vol. II, 609; James Buchanan,
The Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion
, 99, 287–88; Mss. copy of Scott’s views, inscribed “To the Hon. E. Everett with the respects of his friend-W.S.” in the Edward Everett Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society.

2.
Buchanan, op cit, 104; Brevet Major General Emory Upton,
The Military Policy of the United States
, 224; A. Howard Meneely,
The War Department, 1861
, 21–22, 24–26.

3.
Philip Gerald Auchampaugh,
James Buchanan and His Cabinet on the Eve of Secession
, 130; Nicolay & Hay, Vol. II, 36–63, quoting from the diary of John B. Floyd.

4.
Auchampaugh, op cit, 132–34.

5.
Attorney General Black’s opinion is from George Ticknor Curtis,
Life of James Buchanan
, Vol. II, 319–24. (Cited hereafter as Curtis.)

6.
Letters of Thomas L. Drayton, dated Nov. 10 and Nov. 23, 1860, and letter of R. L. Ripley, dated Nov. 7, 1860, all in the Edwin M. Stanton Papers, Library of Congress.

7.
Letter of William Henry Trescot dated Nov. 17, 1860, in the Robert N. Gourdin Papers, Duke University Library; letter of Trescot dated Nov. 19, in the Edwin M. Stanton Papers; Mrs. Chesnut, 28.

8.
James D. Richardson,
Messages and Papers of the Presidents
, Vol. VII, 3157–69.

1.
Journal of the Convention of the People of South Carolina, Held in 1860–61
3–5; John Amasa May and Joan Reynolds Faunt,
South Carolina Secedes
, 5–7.

2.
Journal of the Convention, 18; Frank Moore,
The Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events
(cited hereafter as Moore’s
Rebellion Record
), Vol. I, 3; New York
Times
, Dec. 18, 1860.

3.
New York
Times
, Dec. 19 and Dec. 20, 1860.

4.
Journal of the Convention, 46–47, 53; Nicolay & Hay, Vol. III, 13.

5.
James Petigru Carson,
Life, Letters and Speeches of James Louis Petigru, the Union Man of South Carolina
, 361, 364.

6.
Diary of Edmund Ruffin, Vol. IV, 713 ff.

7.
Nicolay & Hay, Vol. III, 11–12.

8.
Samuel Wylie Crawford,
The Genesis of the Civil War; the Story of Sumter, 1860–61
(cited hereafter as Crawford) 54–55; New York
Times
, Dec. 20 and Dec. 22, 1860.

9.
May and Faunt,
South Carolina Secedes
, 18–19.

10.
Journal of the Convention, 325–31, 332–44.

11.
Letter of William Porcher Miles dated Dec. 20, 1860, in the Robert N. Gourdin Papers.

12.
New York
Times
, Dec. 22, Dec. 24, 1860.

13.
Moore’s
Rebellion Record
, Vol. I; Diary, 3; Documents, 1.

14.
Mrs. Roger Pryor,
Reminiscences of Peace and War
, 110–12; Buchanan’s letter of Dec. 20 to James Gordon Bennett, in the James Buchanan Papers, Historical Society of Pennsylvania.

1.
The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies
, Vol. I, 68–69. (This invaluable compilation is hereafter cited as O.R. Unless otherwise noted in the citation, the volumes are from Series I.)

2.
O.R., Vol. I, 70–72.

3.
There is a good brief sketch of Anderson in D.A.B., Vol. I, 274–75. His orders are in O.R., Vol. I, 73.

4.
Anderson’s first report from Fort Moultrie, Nov. 23, 1860, O.R., Vol. I, 74; Crawford, 6–7;
Battles and Leaders of the Civil War
(hereafter cited as B. & L.) Vol. I, 40.

5.
O.R., Vol. I, 74–77.

6.
Ibid, 78–79.

7.
Ibid, 81–82.

8.
Crawford, 37–40. The letter from the South Carolina delegation to President Buchanan is in the William Porcher Miles Papers, Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina. On the back of this document is a note apparently in Buchanan’s handwriting, containing the statement: “I objected to the word ‘Provided’ as this might be construed into an agreement on my part which I
never would make. They said nothing was further from their intentions. They did not so understand & I should not so consider it.”

9.
O.R., Vol. I, 82–83.

10.
Crawford, 71–74; O.R., Vol. I, 89–90.

11.
Buchanan, 106; O.R., Vol. I, 103.

12.
Letter of Major Anderson to Dr. G. T. Metcalfe, Dec. 15, 1860, in the A. Conger Goodyear Collection, Historical Manuscripts Division, Yale University Library.

13.
Letter of Major Anderson to the Rev. Mr. R. B. Duane, Dec. 19, 1860, in the Goodyear Collection.

14.
Letter of Major Anderson, Dec. 12, 1860, to a friend whose name is not decipherable, in the Robert Anderson Papers, Library of Congress.

15.
Crawford, 77–78.

16.
Ibid, 81–84.

17.
Unfinished draft of letter dated Dec. 20, in the James Buchanan Papers, Historical Society of Pennsylvania.

18.
Crawford, 88.

1.
Crawford, 95; O.R., Vol. I, 106–7; Abner Doubleday,
Reminiscences of Forts Sumter and Moultrie in 1860–61
, 40–50.

2.
Doubleday, op cit, 60–64; also in B. & L., Vol. I, 44–45.

3.
Captain James Chester,
Inside Sumter in ’61
, in B. & L., Vol. I, 51–52; Diary of Edmund Ruffin, Vol. IV, 718.

4.
Eba Anderson Lawton,
Major Robert Anderson and Fort Sumter 1861
, 8.

5.
O.R., Vol. I, 2.

6.
Crawford, 142–44; quoting liberally from Trescot’s diary, to which Crawford apparently had access but which is no longer available. Buchanan’s own account of his meeting with the South Carolina commissioners is in his book,
The Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion
, 181–82.

7.
Auchampaugh, 66–67; Crawford, 37. A copy of Cass’s letter of resignation, and a memorandum thereon by Buchanan, both in Buchanan’s handwriting, are in the Buchanan Papers, Historical Society of Pennsylvania.

8.
Crawford, 146; Chadwick,
Causes of the Civil War
, 213; George C. Gorham,
Life and Public Services of Edwin M. Stanton
, Vol. I, 158; Buchanan, 180–81.

9.
Crawford, 148, giving the text of a letter he received in 1871 from James L. Orr with details of the meeting.

10.
Crawford, 146.

11.
Winfield Scott,
Memoirs
, Vol. II, 613; O.R., Vol. I, 112.

12.
O.R., Vol. I, 109–10.

13.
Buchanan, 182.

14.
Nicolay & Hay, Vol. III, 74.

15.
Frank A. Flower,
Edwin McMasters Stanton
, 88.

16.
Document of John Codman Ropes dated 1870, setting forth an interview he had had with Stanton in 1869, in the Horatio Woodman Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society; Rhodes, Vol. III, 231; Crawford, 151.

17.
O.R., Vol. I, 114.

1.
Mrs. Chesnut, 4–5.

2.
Basler, Vol. IV, 149–51.

3.
Letter of John A. Gilmer dated Dec. 10, 1860, in the Robert Todd
Lincoln Papers; Basler, Vol. IV, 151–52.

4.
Basler, Vol. IV, 154, 156.

5.
Ibid, 157, 159.

6.
Ibid, 162.

7.
Ibid, 164–65.

8.
For a brief discussion of Floyd’s odd course, see D.A.B., Vol. VI, 482–83; also Nevins, Vol. II, 372.

9.
Telegram, Trescot to Miles, marked showing receipt at Charleston Dec. 31, 1860, in the William Porcher Miles Papers.

10.
Gov. Pickens to Lieut. Col. De Saussure, dated Dec. 31, 1860, in the Wilmot Gibbs De Saussure Order Book, Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina.

11.
O.R., Vol. I, 120.

12.
Ibid, 120–25; Curtis, 446.

13.
Letters of H. Pollock dated Dec. 30; of Charles A. Hamilton, dated Dec. 28, and of Edward Hinks, dated Dec. 26, from the Robert Anderson Papers, Library of Congress.

14.
Rhodes, Vol. III, 230–241; Meneely,
The War Department, 1861
, 43–45; note from Buchanan to Floyd dated “Christmas Evening,” enclosing a telegram from citizens of Pittsburgh, in the James Buchanan Papers, Historical Society of Pennsylvania.

1.
Mrs. Roger Pryor,
Reminiscences of Peace and War
, 115; Nichols,
Disruption of American Democracy
, 438, quoting a letter from the wife of Senator W. M. Gwin of California.

2.
Brig. Gen. Charles P. Stone, describing a New Year’s Eve conversation with Gen. Scott, in B. & L., Vol. I, 9; O.R., Vol. I, 119.

3.
Buchanan’s account of the sequence of orders relative to the dispatch of the
Brooklyn
is contained in his letter of Jan. 9, 1861, to Jacob Thompson, copy in the James Buchanan Papers, Historical Society of Pennsylvania. The change of plans which led to use of the
Star of the West
is set forth in Buchanan’s
The Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion
, 189–91. A somewhat different version is in Winfield Scott’s
Memoirs
, Vol. II, 620–21.