Da Vinci's Ghost (37 page)

mapping
x

Roman revival in
147

Renaissance man
xiii
,
26
,
169

Renaissance style
129
–30,
143
,
151

Roman Empire
148

Romans

Augustus’s victory over the Parthians
24

land-surveying
xiii
,
28
,
29
,
31
–32,
32
,
173

obsession with order and empire
27

removal of hereditary nobility
69

significant location of
35
,
36

Rome

aqueducts of
45

Augustus embodies
18
,
24

Basilica of St. Peter
143

as a body of empire
19
,
32

Brunelleschi studies ruins of ancient Rome
146
–47

Capitoline Hill
148

civil war
14
,
15
,
20

a decrepit megapolis
15
–16

founding of
30

its perfect form embodying the world
24

milliarium aureum
(“golden milestone”)
18

Pantheon
138

relationship with Milan
97
–98

restoration of
14
,
16
–17,
25

Roma quadrata
(squared Rome)
30

Sistine Chapel
97

Romulus
20
,
30
,
32

S

Sacrobosco
173

St. Disibod monastery
44

St. Gall monastery, Switzerland
62

St. Rupert’s monastery, Bingen
44
,
128

Saint-Denis church, near Paris
126
–27

Saltarelli, Jacopo
78

Saturn (planet)
35

Scarpellino, Pagolino, called Assiolo
6

seasons
133
, Psl.
1
2

Seneca
24
,
118

sensus communis
(Common Sense)
185
,
186
,
187
,
188

set square
29
,
40
,
116
,
132
,
206

Sforza, Duke Galeazzo Maria
99
,
102

Sforza, Giangaleazzo
102

Sforza, Ludovico (“the Moor”)
105
,
160
,
201

arts-besotted tyrant of Milan
97
,
102
–3

civil engineering projects
123
,
125

Leonardo seeks his patronage
97
,
121
,
143
,
224

Leonardo’s high-profile projects for
145

and Milan cathedral
140

seizes power as regent in Milan
102

and Venice’s invasion of Lombardy
120

Sforza family
98
,
172

Sgarbi, Claudio
202
–3,
206
,
210

Siena
151
,
153
,
193
,
194

Simpsons, The
(television animation series)
ix

Skylab II logo
221

soul, the
180
–89

and Augustine’s
The City of God
181
–83

independent existence (Plato)
180

Leonardo believes it to be a physiological entity
180

lack of independent existence (Aristotle)
180
,
181

Leonardo’s coordinates for
189
, Pl.
8

Plato on a world soul
27

sphere, the

Cicero on
27
–28

Plato on
27

square, the

and augury
32

and cathedral construction
132
,
138

as a complement to the circle
29
–30

human body fitting inside both a circle and a square
xi
,
xii
,
116
,
197
,
198
,
203
,
206
,
209
–10,
212
,
216
,
217

representing the earthly and the secular
xii

symbolism
133
,
211

and Taccola
116

Villard sees in the makeup of the human form
136

in Vitruvius
xi
,
27
,
39
,
40

Stoic philosophers
33
,
34

Suetonius
15
,
33

Suger, Abbot
126
–29

sun, the
54

Sylvestris, Bernardus
55

T

Taccola (Mariano di Jacopo detto il Taccola)
114
–16,
115
,
121
,
134
,
153
,
158
,
212
,
216
,
217
, Pl.
7

On Engines
114
,
116

On Machines
115

Taverna, Giovanni
6

temples

the central element of Augustus’s building campaign
37
–38

and contemplation of the cosmos
38
–39

origin of the idea of
30

theologians
xii
,
49
,
50
,
52
,
58
,
62
,
83
,
127
,
158
,
173
,
191
,
223

Toscanelli, Paolo dal Pozzo
95
–96

triangle, the

and cathedral construction
132
,
138

symbolic meanings
133

Villard sees in the makeup of the human form
136

Tübingen, University of
164

U

universe: meaning of the word
28

V

Valturio, Roberto
123

On Military Matters
121
,
122

Varro, Marcus Terentius
25
,
30

Vasari, Giorgio
65
,
66
,
75
,
92
,
93
,
130
,
147
,
161

Vatican Library
150
,
151

Vein Man
58

Venice

invades Lombardy
120

peace treaty (1484)
123

threatens war with Milan
120

ventricles
186
,
188

Verino, Ugolino
66
,
68
,
69
–70

Verrocchino, Andrea del
66
,
80
,
81
,
95
,
100
,
108
,
120
,
163
,
223

partnership with Leonardo
76
,
97

studio of
71
–75,
91

Baptism of Christ
75

David
72
,
72
,
215

Villard de Honnecourt
133
–36,
135
,
137
,
156

Vincent of Beauvais
105

Speculum naturale (Mirror of Nature
)
106

Vinci, Tuscany
63
,
64
,
66
,
80
,
117

Virgil
173

Visconti, Gaspare
216

Visconti, Giangaleazzo, duke of Milan
98

Visconti family
98
,
172

Vitolone
6
,
171

Vitruvian Man
46
,
150
, Pl. 9

associated with Augustus
40
–41

crude renderings in illustrated editions of Vitruvius (early sixteenth century)
218
–19

dating of Leonardo’s drawing
199
–200

exact proportions of
39

the expression of an ideal
40

in Gallerie dell’Accademia, Venice
xiv
–xv,
218
,
219
,
222

ghost of
46
,
74
,
116
,
217

and Hildegard
44
,
61

an idealized self-portrait
xii

Leonardo’s drawing
ix
–xv,
199
–200,
203
,
205
,
210
,
212
–13,
214
,
216
–17,
218
–25,
223

Martini’s drawings
197
–99,
198
,
210
,
216

resemblance to Christ
47
–48,
61
,
203

side view of the foot
210
–11

a study of human proportions
ix
,
xii
,
40

and Taccola
116

Vitruvius’s description
37
–41,
47
–48,
198
–99,
198

a worldwide icon
ix
–x,
xiii
,
219
,
220
,
221

Vitruvius (Marcus Vitruvius Pollio)
xiii
,
46
,
105
,
136
,
149
,
154
,
156
,
201

army career
13
–14

blueprint for race-based ideology of empire
34
–36

De architectura libri decem (Ten Books on Architecture
)
10
–11,
13
,
14
,
25
–29,
32
,
34
–41,
45
,
46
–48,
61
,
62
,
85
,
114
,
142
–43,
144
,
146
,
148
–49,
152
,
173
,
190
,
196
–97,
198
,
199
,
207
,
208
,
211
,
213
,
223

Ferrara manuscript
202
–3,
204
,
205
,
206
,
210

description of human proportions
ix
,
207
,
208

fails to win fame in his lifetime
45

human analogy
33
,
174

proportions of temples should conform to those of the ideal human body
xi
–xii

proposes that a man can be made to fit inside a circle and a square
xi

studies architectural theory
25

and Vitruvian Man
37
–41,
47
–48,
150

W

William of Conches
53
,
54
,
55
,
173

winds

cardinal Pl.
2

twelve Pl.
2

Witelo
171
,
173
,
200

Wound Man
175
,
176

Z

Zodiac Man
175
,
176

zodiac signs
176
, Pl.
2

Plate 1.
An eleventh-century diagram of the microcosm-macrocosm analogy. The human being (
homo
) occupies the same circle as the world (
mundus
) and the year (
annus
), and thus embodies all of time and space. The four elements link everything together. Fire, air, water, and earth make up the world, and their characteristics (heat, moisture, cold, and dryness) define the four seasons and the four bodily humors.