Eleanor de Montfort: A Rebel Countess in Medieval England (37 page)

13
  

Chronica majora
, iii, p. 471.

14
  

Ibid.

15
  

The entries relating to Eleanor and Simon were recorded next to one another on the same membrane of the close roll:
CR, 1234–7
, p. 292.

16
  

Chronica majora
, v, p. 235; Howell, ‘Royal Women of England and France’, pp. 163–81, at p. 169.

17
  

Howell, ‘Royal Women of England and France’, p. 169.

18
  

Maddicott,
Simon de Montfort
, pp. 8–9, 16.

19
  

The queen’s uncle, William of Savoy, accompanied his niece to England and remained there, serving as a royal counsellor, until his departure in May 1238: Howell,
Eleanor of Provence
, pp. 24–6.

20
  

Archer, ‘ “How Ladies … Who Live on their Manors” ’, p. 170.

21
  

Wilkinson, ‘The Imperial Marriage of Isabella of England’, pp. 20–36.

22
  

Vincent, ‘Isabella of Angoulême’, pp. 206–16.

23
  

Chronica majora
, iii, pp. 470–1, 475.

24
  

Ibid., iii, pp. 475–6; Maddicott,
Simon de Montfort
, p. 21.

25
  

See, for example, Howell,
Eleanor of Provence
, pp. 85–6.

26
  

‘Annales prioratus de Wigornia’, p. 430.

27
  

‘Annales de Waverleia’, p. 318. See also ‘Annales de Theokesberia’, p. 106, which dates the marriage to 14 January. This annalist’s confusion presumable resulted from the secrecy surrounding the union.

28
  

Chronica majora
, iii, p. 471; v, p. 235.

29
  

See, for example
, Chronica majora
, ii, p. 563.

30
  

See, for example,
CPR, 1232–47
, p. 208.

31
  

Historia anglorum
, ii, p. 403.

32
  

The Tewkesbury annalist, for example, recorded how ‘The sister of the king of England, formerly the wife of the younger Marshal, married Simon de Montfort, whereupon the Earl of Cornwall was excited to anger’: ‘Annales de Theokesberia’, p. 106. See also
Chronica majora
, iii, pp. 475–6.

33
  

For other grievances, including hostility to aliens and to papal appointees within the church:
Chronica majora
, iii, pp. 475–8.

34
  

See, for example: ‘Annales Londonienses’, p. 35. For the Clare marriage, see also
CPR, 1232–47
, p. 208.

35
  

CPR, 1232–47
, p. 209.

36
  

Maddicott,
Simon de Montfort
, p. 22.

37
  

CLR, 1226–40
, p. 311. For other loans to Simon and Eleanor, see ibid., p. 312.

38
  

Chronica majora
, iii, pp. 479–80.

39
  

CPR, 1232-47
, p. 214.

40
  

Chronica majora
, iii, p. 518.

41
  

Ibid., iii, pp. 474, 480.

42
  

Ibid., iii, p. 480.

43
  

The debt predated Eleanor’s marriage to Simon:
CR, 1237–42
, pp. 44, 45.

44
  

Ibid, pp. 52, 64, 83, 96, 103;
CLR, 1226–40
, p. 337.

45
  

CLR, 1226–40
, p. 329.

46
  

CR, 1237–42
, pp. 60–1.

47
  

CPR, 1232–47
, p. 231.

48
  

Chronica majora
, iii, p. 487.

49
  

‘Regesta 19: 1238–1240’, in
Calendar of Papal Registers, Volume 1: 1198–1304
, pp. 169–88, available online at
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=96012
, accessed on 27 July 2010.

50
  

Chronica majora
, iii, p. 567.

51
  

Ibid., iii, p. 487.

52
  

Ibid.

53
  

Ibid. For a recent study of Peter, see P. W. Rosemann (2004),
Peter Lombard
. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

54
  

Paris’s sympathetic treatment of Simon is discussed in Vaughan,
Matthew Paris
, p. 149.

55
  

Chronica majora
, iii, p. 498. Although the witness lists of charters issued in October 1238 are damaged, those for November 1238 confirm Simon’s absence from court:
Royal Charter Witness Lists
, i, pp. 167–8.

56
  

Chronica majora
, iii, p. 518.

57
  

For this alternative date, see R. Stacey (1987),
Politics, Policy and Finance under Henry III, 1216–1245
. Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 124 n. 168. For the almoner’s roll see TNA, PRO C 47/3/44.

58
  

For Henry’s presence at Joan’s deathbed, see ‘Chronicle of Melrose’, p. 181. See also
Chronica majora
, iii, p. 479.

59
  

Stacey,
Politics, Policy and Finance
, p. 124 n. 168. See also C. Bémont (1884),
Simon de Montfort, Comte de Leicester
. Paris: Alphonse Picard, Libraire, p. 9.

60
  

The bishop subsequently became ill and died:
Chronica majora
, iii, p. 518.

61
  

Ibid.

62
  

CLR, 1226–40
, p. 356. For baudekyn, see L. Monnas (2008),
Merchants, Princes and Painters: Silk Fabrics in Italian and Northern Paintings, 1300–1500
. New Haven: Yale University Press, pp. 298–9, 301. For Isabella’s robes, see TNA: PRO C 47/3/3; Green,
Lives
, ii, p. 14.

63
  

CLR, 1226–40
, p. 356.

64
  

Ibid.

65
  

Simon witnessed a royal grant to Hugh Paynel on this date:
Royal Charter Witness Lists
, i, p. 168.

66
  

CLR, 1226–40
, p. 360.

67
  

Chronica majora
, iii, p. 524; Maddicott,
Simon de Montfort
, p. 23.

68
  

The bishops of London and Carlisle, Richard, Earl of Cornwall, and Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, were also among those who fulfilled this role:
Chronica majora
, iii, pp. 539–40; Howell,
Eleanor of Provence
, pp. 27–8.

69
  

Chronica majora
, iii, p. 540.

70
  

Howell,
Eleanor of Provence
, pp. 24–5, 29–30.