Elizabeth of York: A Tudor Queen and Her World (92 page)

   
1.
 
CSP Milan

   
2.
 Grafton

   
3.
 
Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, of the Reign of Henry VIII

   
4.
 
Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London;
Seward:
The Last White Rose

   
5.
 Cunningham:
Henry VII

   
6.
 Durant

   
7.
 Ibid.

   
8.
 
Rotuli Parliamentorum;
Seward:
The Last White Rose
. Courtenay was to remain in the Tower for the rest of Henry VII’s reign, and would not be released until 1509; he died in 1511.

   
9.
 
PPE

  
10.
 It was published as
Privy Purse Expenses of Elizabeth of York
by Nicholas Harris Nicolas in 1830, and is referred to here as
PPE
.

  
11.
 Ibid.

  
12.
 Ibid.

  
13.
 Ibid.

  
14.
 
PPE

  
15.
 Lambeth Palace MS. 371. Elizabeth’s son, Henry VIII, would visit this shrine in 1521.

  
16.
 Probably St. Mary’s Priory, Binham, Norfolk.

  
17.
 
PPE; Victoria County History: Suffolk

  
18.
 Tewkesbury Annals, in Kingsford:
English Historical Literature in the Fifteenth Century;
Laynesmith

  
19.
 
PPE;
Wriothesley; Laynesmith; Chapter Records

  
20.
 
PPE; The Catholic Encyclopaedia;
Ed West; The Shrine

  
21.
 Tremlett

  
22.
 
PPE

  
23.
 Ibid.

  
24.
 Burton;
Gothic

  
25.
 
PPE

  
26.
 Ibid.; Worsley and Souden; Thurley:
Hampton Court Palace
. In 1505, Daubeney acquired a new lease on the property that effectively conferred
on him the rights of a freeholder. He lived at Hampton until his death in 1508. His house was leased in 1514 to Cardinal Wolsey and subsequently largely demolished to make way for the great palace. The outline of his courtyard range is marked out in red bricks in the courtyard of Clock Court. Hampton Court later came into the possession of Henry VIII, and became one of his favorite residences.

  
27.
 
PPE

  
28.
 Gristwood

  
29.
 
PPE

  
30.
 Leland:
Collectanea; Antiquarian Repertory;
Starkey:
Six Wives
. The time was recorded on a plaque in St. Laurence’s Church, Ludlow, which was seen by Thomas Dineley in 1684 (Dineley; David Lloyd).

  
31.
 Hall

  
32.
 Leland:
Collectanea

  
33.
 Faraday; David Lloyd

  
34.
 Kevin Cunningham

  
35.
 Leland:
Collectanea

  
36.
 Real Academia de Historia, MS. 9–4674, cited Tremlett

  
37.
 Licence:
Elizabeth of York

  
38.
 Starkey:
Six Wives

  
39.
 Loades:
The Tudors

  
40.
 “An Account of the Death and Interment of Prince Arthur”: anonymous herald’s journal, in Leland:
Collectanea

  
41.
 
PPE

  
42.
 
Collection of Ordinances

  
43.
 
PPE

  
44.
 Ibid.

  
45.
 Ibid.

  
46.
 Benham; Cheung

  
47.
 
CSP Spain:
letter of Ferdinand and Isabella to de Puebla, dated April 15, quoted further on in the text.

  
48.
 
PPE

  
49.
 André

  
50.
 André:
Hymi Christiani Bernardae Andreae poetae Regii

  
51.
 
The Receyt of the Lady Katherine

  
52.
 
Body Parts and Bodies

  
53.
 Grafton

  
54.
 “An Account of the Death and Interment of Prince Arthur”: anonymous herald’s journal, in Leland:
Collectanea

  
55.
 Grafton

  
56.
 
Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, of the Reign of Henry VIII

  
57.
 Bruce

  
58.
 
PPE

  
59.
 Röhrkasten

  
60.
 
PPE

  
61.
 Keene and Harding; Röhrkasten

  
62.
 Brian Spencer, in Tudor-Craig; Röhrkasten

  
63.
 Ibid.

  
64.
 
PPE

  
65.
 Hall, Stow:
Annals

  
66.
 Bacon; More

  
67.
 
Letters and Papers Illustrative of the Reigns of Richard III and Henry VII

  
68.
 Hicks:
Edward V

  
69.
 Chrimes

  
70.
 
Chronicles of London

  
71.
 Hicks:
Edward V

  
72.
 
PPE

  
73.
 Ibid.

  
74.
 
CSP Spain

  
75.
 
PPE

  
76.
 
CSP Spain

  
77.
 
PPE

  
78.
 Ibid.

  
79.
 Ibid.

  
80.
 
CSP Spain

  
81.
 Ibid.

  
82.
 Ibid.

  
83.
 Fox

   
1.
 
PPE

   
2.
 Ibid.

   
3.
 Ibid.

   
4.
 Ibid.

   
5.
 Ibid.

   
6.
 Additional MS. 59, 899 f. 24

   
7.
 Goodall; Thurley:
The Royal Palaces of Tudor England;
Laynesmith

   
8.
 Ibid.

   
9.
 
PPE;
Cokayne;
Rotuli Parliamentorum

  
10.
 Jones and Underwood;
PPE

  
11.
 Meerson; Jones and Underwood; Cokayne;
Rotuli Parliamentorum

  
12.
 Ibid. Centuries later Notley would be the home of actors Sir Laurence Olivier and Vivien Leigh.

  
13.
 Ibid.

  
14.
 Ibid.

  
15.
 Cunningham:
Henry VII

  
16.
 Zita West

  
17.
 
PPE

  
18.
 Ibid.

  
19.
 See, for example, Buckland. The Monmouth and Skenfrith vestments are now at the Welsh Folk Museum at St. Fagan’s.

  
20.
 
PPE

  
21.
 
HVIIPPE

  
22.
 
PPE

  
23.
 See, for example, Buckland

  
24.
 
PPE

  
25.
 Ibid.

  
26.
 Ibid.

  
27.
 Ibid.

  
28.
 
HVIIPPE

  
29.
 
PPE

  
30.
 Around 1708, during repairs to the hall, the skeleton of a man found seated at a table in an underground vault was thought to be his.

  
31.
 
PPE; The Catholic Encyclopaedia;
Ed West

  
32.
 
PPE;
Palmer:
Royal England

  
33.
 
PPE

  
34.
 Herald’s account in Cotton MS. Vitellius

  
35.
 
PPE

  
36.
 Ibid.

  
37.
 Ibid.

  
38.
 Ibid.

  
39.
 Ibid. Seymour’s daughter Jane was later to marry Henry VIII.

  
40.
 Ibid.

  
41.
 Ibid.

  
42.
 Wriothesley

  
43.
 
PPE

  
44.
 Ibid.; Leland:
Collectanea;
Additional MS. 71009, f. 15v; Penn

  
45.
 
HVIIPPE

  
46.
 
PPE

  
47.
 “Lamentation,” in More:
Complete Works

  
48.
 Royal MS. 12b VI

  
49.
 
PPE

  
50.
 Cunningham:
Henry VII

  
51.
 
PPE

  
52.
 Anne’s coffin was reburied in the Minoresses’ convent at Stepney,
where it was discovered during excavations in 1964. Examination of the teeth showed a familial link with the skeletons found in the Tower in 1674. The remains were then reburied in Westminster Abbey, as near as possible to their original resting place.

  
53.
 Astle

  
54.
 Stow:
London

  
55.
 Henry VII’s unfinished chapel at Windsor was be lavishly completed by Cardinal Wolsey to house his own tomb. Later it was remodeled by Queen Victoria as the Albert Memorial Chapel.

  
56.
 Astle

  
57.
 
PPE;
Cloake:
Richmond Palace;
Thurley:
The Royal Palaces of Tudor England

  
58.
 
PPE

  
59.
 In 1506, Henry VII also built a gallery leading from the Lanthorn Tower to the Salt Tower, which appears on a 1597 plan of the Tower as “the Queen’s Gallery”—and created a privy garden below.

  
60.
 These were the rooms lavishly refurbished in 1533 for Anne Boleyn’s sojourn prior to her coronation. Thurley:
The Royal Palaces of Tudor England;
Goodall; Impey and Parnell; Keay

  
61.
 
PPE

  
62.
 Leland:
Collectanea

  
63.
 
PPE

  
64.
 Ibid.

  
65.
 Additional MS. 45161, ff. 41–2, reproduced in
Antiquarian Repertory; Great Chronicle of London

  
66.
 Herald’s account in Cotton MS. Vitellius

  
67.
 
PPE

  
68.
 Cotton MS. Vitellius;
Great Chronicle of London;
Grafton

  
69.
 More: “Lamentation,” in
Complete Works

  
70.
 
HVIIPPE

  
71.
 Redstone. The chapel was demolished in 1547.

  
72.
 Grafton;
Great Chronicle of London

  
73.
 Strickland

  
74.
 Sandford

  
75.
 Green

  
76.
 Cunningham:
Henry VII

  
77.
 
PPE

  
78.
 Wriothesley;
Great Chronicle of London;
Grafton

  
79.
 Additional MS. 45161, ff. 41–2, reproduced in
Antiquarian Repertory; PPE

  
80.
 Additional MS. 45161, ff. 41–2, reproduced in
Antiquarian Repertory

  
81.
 Ibid.

  
82.
 Exchequer Records E.101; Hayward

  
83.
 Holinshed

  
84.
 Additional MS. 45161, ff. 41–2, reproduced in
Antiquarian Repertory;
Cunningham:
Henry VII

  
85.
 Additional MS. 45161, ff. 41–2, reproduced in
Antiquarian Repertory

  
86.
 
PPE

  
87.
 Richardson:
Mary Tudor, the White Queen;
Loades:
Mary Rose

  
88.
 Hayward

  
89.
 Additional MS. 45133, f. 141v; Jones and Underwood

  
90.
 Records of the Lord Chamberlain, LC 2/1, f. 59–78;
Great Wardrobe Accounts

  
91.
 Additional MS. 45161, ff. 41–2, reproduced in
Antiquarian Repertory

  
92.
 
Great Chronicle of London

  
93.
 It is often stated that Elizabeth lay in state in the beautiful Norman chapel of St. John the Evangelist, the chapel used by the monarch when in residence in the Tower. Dating from
ca
. 1078–80, it rises through two floors of the upper levels of the White Tower, the ancient keep. Its sanctuary and nave are encircled by Romanesque arches, a continuous ambulatory, and flanking aisles. It is a rare survival, one of the most perfect Norman chapels still in existence. However,
The Great Chronicle of London
clearly states that Elizabeth lay in state in “the parish church of the Tower,” which is St. Peter ad Vincula, where her daughter had been christened just eight days earlier. It would make sense that St. Peter’s was chosen, given the logistics of carrying the coffin up and down the spiral stairs to St. John’s Chapel.

  
94.
 Additional MS. 45161, ff. 41–2, reproduced in
Antiquarian Repertory

  
95.
 Ibid.

  
96.
 Herald’s account in College of Arms MS. I, IX, f. 27

   
1.
 
CSP Spain

   
2.
 Treasurer’s Accounts, Register Office, Edinburgh

   
3.
 Buchanan

   
4.
 “Isabel” is the form of “Elizabeth” in some countries.

   
5.
 Balliol College Oxford MS. 354, ff. 175–76; B.L. Sloane MS. 1825, ff. 88v-89; printed in More:
Complete Works;
Tromly

   
6.
 Tromly

   
7.
 Bacon

   
8.
 It has been suggested that she was buried with her mother (
Arthur Tudor, Prince of Wales
); if so, she was left undisturbed in Elizabeth’s
temporary grave (described further on in the chapter), for her coffin was not found in Henry VII’s vault, and the anthropoid coffin of the Queen could not have accommodated the corpse of an infant.

   
9.
 Balliol College, Oxford MS. 354, f. 176

  
10.
 
HVIIPPE
. The funeral accounts are in
Antiquarian Repertory
.

  
11.
 Gristwood

  
12.
 This account of the Queen’s funeral is based on those in College of Arms MS. 1, ff. 27r-32r; Additional MS. 45131, ff. 41v-47, which includes the account of Charles Wriothesley, Windsor Herald; College of Arms MS. I, III, ff. 23, 24; Additional MS. 45161, ff. 41–42, reproduced in
Antiquarian Repertory;
Fabyan;
Records of the Skinners of London

  
13.
 Additional MS. 45161, ff. 41–42, reproduced in
Antiquarian Repertory

  
14.
 The accounts for the effigy—in Records of the Lord Chamberlain, LC 2/1 f. 46PRO LC/1/2, ff. 46v-48v—are the first that survive for a royal funeral effigy.

  
15.
 Howgrave-Graham

  
16.
 Ibid.

  
17.
 Records of the Lord Chamberlain, LC 2/1 f. 46PRO LC/1/2, ff. 46v-48v; St. John Hope

  
18.
 Additional MS. 45161, ff. 41–42, reproduced in
Antiquarian Repertory

  
19.
 Those of London, Salisbury, Lincoln, Exeter, Rochester, Norwich, Llandaff, and Bangor.

  
20.
 Records of the Lord Chamberlain LC 2/1, f. 48–49

  
21.
 Additional MS. 45161, ff. 41–42, reproduced in
Antiquarian Repertory;
Records of the Lord Chamberlain, LC 2/1. F. 46, 52

  
22.
 Fabyan

  
23.
 Astle

  
24.
 Records of the Lord Chamberlain, LC 2/1, f. 53

  
25.
 Westminster Abbey Muniments 6637, f. 2–6

  
26.
 
A Collection of all the Wills, now known to be extant, of the Kings and Queens of England;
Astle

  
27.
 
CSP Spain;
Doran; Gristwood; Penn

  
28.
 Rex:
The Tudors

  
29.
 
Letters and Papers Illustrative of the Reigns of Richard III and Henry VII

  
30.
 Exchequer Records E.101

  
31.
 Grafton

  
32.
 Hayward

  
33.
 
HVIIPPE

  
34.
 
CSP Spain

  
35.
 Astle

  
36.
 Cited by Williams in
Henry VIII and his Court

  
37.
 Cited by Cannon and Griffiths

  
38.
 Ormond;
Gothic
. An electrotype of Elizabeth’s tomb effigy, cast by Domenico Brucciani in 1870, is in the National Portrait Gallery.

  
39.
 Wilkinson:
Henry VII’s Lady Chapel in Westminster Abbey;
Wilkinson:
Westminster Abbey