Foundation (History of England Vol 1) (78 page)

Helmsley, Yorkshire,
ref 1

henge monuments,
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Hengist and Horsa,
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Henry I, King: and yard (measurement),
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inheritance,
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reign,
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,
ref 2

and succession,
ref 1
,
ref 2

death,
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marriage,
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Henry II, King: and king’s touch,
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administrative and judicial changes,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

succeeds Stephen,
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,
ref 2

background and character,
ref 1
,
ref 2

territorial victories,
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expedition to Normandy,
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relations and conflicts with Becket,
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,
ref 2

assertion of authority,
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temper,
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speaks no English,
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increases national prosperity,
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and murder of Becket,
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does penance for Becket’s death,
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disputes with sons,
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succession question,
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death and burial,
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forbids tournaments in England,
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Henry III, King: crowned,
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regency council as minor,
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reign,
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,
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,
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,
ref 4

character and appearance,
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piety,
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and European affairs,
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marriage,
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,
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and increase in national prosperity,
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court and advisers,
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,
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opposed by native barons,
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financial difficulties,
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resumes sovereignty,
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Simon de Montfort confronts,
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defeat at battle of Lewes,
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summons parliament (1236),
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administrative complexity,
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as hostage at battle of Evesham,
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death and burial,
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,
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and continuity in law,
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Henry IV (Bolingbroke), King (
earlier
1st Duke of Hereford): conflicts with Richard II,
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exiled,
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returns to England to oppose Richard II,
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claims throne,
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negotiates with Richard,
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accession,
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,
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and rumoured survival of Richard II,
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seen as usurper,
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assassination attempts on,
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Percy family rebels against,
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revenue raising,
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defeats Hotspur at Berwick Field,
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illness,
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Scrope rebels against,
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rule and administration,
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and son Henry’s ambitions for throne,
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death and burial,
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has Richard II killed,
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Henry V (of Monmouth), King (
earlier
Prince of Wales): reburies Richard II at Westminster Abbey,
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wounded at Berwick Field,
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martial prowess,
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,
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,
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as successor to father,
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appearance and character,
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,
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coronation,
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piety,
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campaigns in France,
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,
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Agincourt victory,
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acclaimed in England,
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,
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builds up navy,
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marriage,
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death,
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treaty with Charles VI of France (1420),
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Henry VI, King: peaceful nature,
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,
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ratifies Magna Carta,
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infancy at father’s death,
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,
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minority,
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,
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crowned as king of England and of France while boy,
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character and appearance,
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,
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piety,
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seeks peace in war with France,
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French demand renunciation of claim to crown,
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marriage,
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,
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bestows honours,
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weak rule,
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,
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loses Normandy to Charles VII,
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debts,
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and Jack Cade rebellion,
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suffers stroke,
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and York–Somerset enmity,
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treatment and partial recovery,
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wounded at St Albans,
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suffers further malady,
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in Wars of the Roses,
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,
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captured at Northampton,
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position challenged by York,
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rescued at second battle of St Albans,
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and crowning of Edward IV,
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flees to Scotland,
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,
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imprisoned in Tower,
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released and reinstated,
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Edward IV reconfines to Tower,
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killed in Tower,
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,
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marks out site of tomb,
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Henry VII idealizes,
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Henry VI, King of Germany,
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Henry VII (Tudor), King (
earlier
Earl of Richmond): and murder of Princes in the Tower,
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background,
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,
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,
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rebels against Richard III,
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,
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in Brittany,
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marriage to Elizabeth,
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,
ref 2
,
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,
ref 4

claim to throne,
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,
ref 2

invades (1485),
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defeats Richard at Bosworth Field,
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appearance and character,
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,
ref 2

coronation,
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royal bodyguard (yeomen),
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rule,
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,
ref 2

Yorkist opposition to,
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and Lambert Simnel conspiracy,
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son Arthur born,
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victory at East Stoke (1487),
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financial stringency,
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,
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supports Brittany against France,
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and Perkin Warbeck conspiracy,
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,
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health decline,
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,
ref 2

piety and superstiousness,
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remains unmarried after death of Elizabeth,
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death,
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,
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encourages overseas trade,
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court,
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isolation,
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,
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reputation,
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,
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Henry VIII, King: authority,
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marriage to Catherine of Aragon,
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legacy from father,
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Henry, Bishop of Winchester,
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Henry of Huntingdon,
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Henry the Younger (Henry II’s son): crowned as ‘joint king’,
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,
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death,
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heraldry,
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herbs: medicinal,
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Hereford, Henry Bolingbroke, 1st Duke of
see
Henry IV, King

heresy,
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,
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Hereward the Wake,
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hierarchies (social): prehistoric,
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,
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,
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under Romans,
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Anglo-Saxon,
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medieval,
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development,
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