George Eliot (72 page)

42
. Ibid., II, 33.

43
. Ibid., II, 55n.

44
. William Hale White,
Athenaeum
, No. 3031 (28 November 1885), 702.

45
.
Letters
, II, 47–9.

46
. Ibid., II, 23–5 and n.

47
. Ibid., II, 15.

48
. Ibid., I, 365–6.

49
. Ibid., II, 4.

50
. Ibid., II, 45.

51
. Ibid.,II, 44.

52
. Ibid., II, 87.

53
. For the life of Barbara Bodichon see Pam Hirsch,
Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon
(London, 1998).

54
.
Letters
, II, 138.

55
. Quoted Haight,
George Eliot
, p. 103.

56
. Herbert Spencer,
An Autobiography
, 2 vols. (London, 1904), I, 360–2.

57
. Ibid., I, 394–5.

58
.
Letters
, VIII, 42–3n.

59
. Ibid., VIII, 42.

60
. Ibid., II, 16.

61
. Ibid., II, 22.

62
. Ibid., II, 40.

63
. Ibid., II, 35.

64
. Spencer,
Autobiography
, II, 445.

65
. Haight,
George Eliot
, p. 115.

66
. Quoted Haight,
George Eliot
, pp. 102–3.

67
.
Letters
, II, 22–3.

68
. Ibid., II, 38, 25.

69
. Ibid., VIII, 50–1.

70
. Ibid., II, 42.

71
. Ibid., VIII, 56–7.

72
. Ibid., VIII, 61.

73
. Spencer,
Autobiography
, I, 467.

74
. Ibid., I, 478–9.

75
. Ibid., II, 131.

76
. Haight,
George Eliot
, p. 120; Spencer,
Autobiography
, I, 398.

77
. This correspondence is quoted in Haight,
George Eliot
, pp. 121–2.

C
HAPTER
7 ‘A Man of Heart and Conscience’

1
.
Letters
,II, 54.

2
. George Combe, Journal, 29 August 1851,
Letters
, VIII, 27–8.

3
.
Letters
, VIII, 33.

4
. Ibid., II, 59.

5
. Quoted Haight,
George Eliot
, p. 124.

6
.
Letters
, II, 62.

7
. Ibid., II, 65.

8
. Ibid., II, 74.

9
. Ibid., II, 75.

10
. Haight,
George Eliot
, p. 126.

11
.
Letters
, II, 97.

12
. Ibid., II, 97.

13
. Ibid., II, 163.

14
. Ibid., VIII, 115n.

15
. Ibid., II, 83.

16
. Ibid., II, 93.

17
. Ibid., II, 127.

18
. Ibid., VIII, 104.

19
. Haight,
George Eliot and John Chapman
, p. 71.

20
.
Letters
, II, 130–1.

21
. Chapman, Diary, 6 October 1851,
George Eliot and John Chapman
, p. 217.

22
.
Letters
, I, 367.

23
. Chapman, Diary, 20 August 1851,
George Eliot and John Chapman
, p. 203;
Letters
, II, 49.

24
. Rosemary Ashton, G. H.
Lewes: A Life
(Oxford, 1991), pp. 58–9.

25
. GHL to F. O. Ward (Spring 1853),
The Letters of George Henry Lewes
, ed. William Baker, 2 vols (Victoria, British Columbia, 1995), I, 227.

26
.
Letters
, II, 68.

27
. Ibid., III, 49n.

28
. Ibid., II, 94.

29
. Ibid., II, 97.

30
. Ibid., II, 98.

31
. For an account of G. H. Lewes’s early life, see Ashton,
G. H. Lewes
.

32
. GHL, Journal, 16 April 1861, quoted Haight,
George Eliot
, p. 337.

33
.
Letters
, IV, I54n.

34
. Kitchel,
George Lewes and George Eliot
(New York, 1933), pp. 61–2.

35
. Ashton,
G. H. Lewes
, pp. 11–12.

36
. G. H. Lewes, ‘Spinoza’,
Fortnightly Review
4 (April 1866), 385.

37
. W. B. Scott,
Autobiographical Notes
, ed. W. Minto, 2 vols. (London, 1950), I, 130.

38
. G. H. Lewes, ‘Percy Bysshe Shelley’,
Westminster Review
35 (April 1841), 303–4.

39
. Quoted Kitchel,
George Lewes and George Eliot
, pp. 12–13.

40
. Scott,
Autobiographical Notes
, I, 130.

41
. Quoted Ashton,
G. H. Lewes
, p. 25.

42
. Scott,
Autobiographical Notes
, I, 134; Jane Welsh Carlyle,
Letters to Her Family 1839–63
, ed. Leonard Huxley (London, 1924), p. 320.

43
. Quoted Haight,
George Eliot
, pp. 129–30.

44
. Quoted Ashton,
G. H. Lewes
, p. 40.

45
.
Letters, II
, 126.

46
. Kitchel,
George Lewes and George Eliot
, p. 46.

47
. Ibid., pp. 312–13.

48
. See illustration no. 21.

49
. Jane Welsh Carlyle,
Letters
, p. 329.

50
.
Leader
, 3 July 1852, pp. 639–40.

51
.
Leader
, 12 November 1853, p. 1099.

52
. GHL, Journal, 28 January 1859, Haight,
George Eliot
, p. 133.

53
. Oscar Browning was the source of this rumour, spreading it to Henry James and Eliza Lynn. He also managed to drop several hints in his
Life of George Eliot
(London, 1890), especially over his treatment of Romola’s discovery of Tito’s infidelity.

54
. GHL, Journal, 28 January 1859, quoted Haight,
George Eliot
, p. 271.

55
. Thomas Trollope,
What I Remember
, 2 vols (London, 1887), II, 299.

56
. Spencer,
Autobiography
, I, 377.

57
. Elizabeth Haldane,
George Eliot and Her Times
(New York, 1927), p. 92n.

58
.
Letters
, II, 112.

59
. Ibid., II, 178.

60
. Ibid., II, I34n.

61
. Ludwig Feuerbach,
The Essence of Christianity
, tr. Marian Evans (London, 1854), p. 47.

62
. Ibid., p. 268.

63
.
Letters
, II, 165.

64
. Ibid., II, 154–5.

65
. Ibid., II, 156.

66
. Ibid., II, 157.

67
. George Eliot to John Chapman, December 1853, Rosemary Ashton, ‘New George Eliot Letters at the Huntington’,
Huntington Library Quarterly
LIV, (Spring 1991), 120.

68
.
Letters
, II, 158.

69
. Quoted Laski,
George Eliot
, p. 44.

70
.
Letters
, II, 166.

C
HAPTER
8 ‘I Don’t Think She Is Mad’

1
. GE, Journal, 20 July 1854, MS Yale.

2
.
Letters
, II, 171.

3
. Ibid.

4
. Ibid., II, 174.

5
. Ibid., II, 170–2.

6
. Sara Hennell to GE, 20 October 1854, quoted Ashton,
George Eliot: A Life
, p. 116.

7
.
Letters
, II, 179.

8
. Sara Hennell to GE, quoted Ashton,
George Eliot: A Life
, p. 116.

9
.
Letters
, II, 19–20.

10
. Ibid., II, 186.

11
. Ibid., VIII, 122–3, 126.

12
. Ibid., VIII, 129–30.

13
. Ibid., VIII, 131.

14
. Ibid., VIII, 124–5.

15
. Ibid., VIII, 125–6.

16
. Ibid., VIII, 129.

17
. Haight,
George Eliot
, p. 166.

18
. R. K. Webb,
Harriet Martineau, A Radical Victorian
(London, 1960), p. 14.

19
.
Letters
, II, 176n.

20
. Ibid., II, 176–7.

21
. Ibid., II, 178.

22
. One of these, ‘Liszt, Wagner and Weimar’,
Fraser’s Magazine
(July 1855), is reprinted in
George Eliot, Selected Critical Writings
, ed. Rosemary Ashton (Oxford, 1992), pp. 82–109.

23
. ‘Recollections of Weimar, 1854’, written at the back of GE’s Journal, MS Yale.

24
.
Letters
, II, 171, 173.

25
. GE, Journal, 10 August 1854, MS Yale.

26
.
Letters
, II, 173.

27
. Ibid., II, 169.

28
. Ibid., II, 173.

29
. GE, ‘Recollections of Weimar, 1854’, MS Yale.

30
. Ibid.

31
.
Letters
, VIII, 134.

32
. Ibid., II, 190.

33
. Ibid., II, 184.

34
. ‘The Future of German Philosophy’,
Leader
(28 July 1855), reprinted
George Eliot, Selected Critical Writings
, p. 133.

35
.
Letters
, II, 192n.

36
. ‘Recollections of Weimar, 1854’, MS Yale.

37
. George Henry Lewes,
The Life and Works of Goethe, 2
vols. (London, 1855), I, 144.

38
. ‘The Morality of
Wilhelm Meister’, Leader
(21 July 1855), reprinted
George Eliot, Selected Critical Writings
, pp. 129–32.

39
.
Letters
, II, 156.

40
. ‘Woman in France: Madame de Sablé’
(Westminster Review
, October 1854), reprinted
George Eliot: Selected Essays
, pp. 8–37.

41
. Ibid., p. 11.

42
.
Letters
, II, 189.

43
. Ibid., VIII, 133.

44
. Ibid., II, 189.

45
. ‘Recollections of Berlin, 1855’, written at the back of GE’s Journal, MS Yale.

46
.
Letters
, II, 197.

47
. Quoted Ashton,
George Eliot: A Life
, p. 125.

48
. GE, Journal, 9–14 April 1855, MS Yale.

49
. A remark from Cara Bray to Edith Simcox in 1885, quoted Haight,
George Eliot
, p. 179.

50
.
Letters
, II, 194, 196.

51
. Ibid., II, 197.

52
. Quoted Ashton,
George Eliot: A Life
, p. 124.

53
.
Letters
, II, 200, 232.

54
. This is a paraphrase, given to Gordon Haight by Bessie’s daughter. Haight,
George Eliot
, p. 205.

55
.
Letters
, II, 199–200.

56
. Ibid., II, 199.

57
. Ibid., II, 209.

58
. Ibid., II, 217.

59
. Ibid., II, 214–18.

60
. Ibid., II, 224.

61
. ‘Charles Kingsley’s
Westward Ho!,’ Westminster Review
(July 1855), reprinted
George Eliot: Selected Essays
, p. 312.

62
. ‘Geraldine Jewsbury’s
Constance Herbert’, Westminster Review
(July 1855), reprinted
George Eliot: Selected Essays
,pp. 321–22.

63
. ‘The Morality of
Wilhelm Meister’, Leader
(21 July 1855), reprinted
George Eliot, Selected Critical Writings
, p. 131.

64
.
Letters
, II, 221.