My own modus operandi when I started was one of bullishness. I was not really that interested in what happened along the way, I just wanted to experience the ultimate fruit of meditation – that of enlightenment. I guess you could call it an ‘enlightenment or bust’ kind of attitude, where I was always focusing on a future goal rather than resting in the moment and enjoying all that life had to offer. It’s a common mistake to make in meditation, to search for some kind of experience or want to be rewarded with some sign of progress or fruition, but peace of mind or insight will always be illusive if we are trying too hard to find it.
When it comes to meditation, though, the goal and the journey are the same thing. So my approach to meditation was probably the equivalent of leaving home on a driving holiday, not stopping at any of the places on the way, driving through the night without a break and refusing to look out of the windows during the hours of daylight. It kind of defeats the purpose!
The qualities you bring to your own approach will always reflect your upbringing and your character. Some of these qualities you might like and find helpful, others may feel uncomfortable and decidedly unhelpful. But if you can bring a sense of genuine intrigue and curiosity to your meditation, then it doesn’t really matter what those qualities are. That’s because they become part of the meditation, part of that which is observed. One of my teachers always used to describe this quality as
gentle curiosity
. When this becomes part of your approach to meditation you’ll notice that the mind feels very open. For example, you may well think, much like myself at the time, that if you’ve seen one breath then you’ve seen them all. And if this is your attitude to following the breath, then you’ll undoubtedly lose interest very quickly. But if you take the time to look a little more closely, you’ll notice that each and every breath is actually quite unique. The same can be said of the thoughts that pass through the mind (even if sometimes it feels as though it’s the same one coming back time and again), and even physical sensations that arise in the body.
The idea of approaching meditation with a gentle curiosity seemed to me to imply a sense of soft, open and patient interest. It’s perhaps the way in which you might quietly crouch behind a tree while watching a wild animal. Because you’re so captivated and engaged, you’re 100 per cent focused on what you’re watching. You are aware of the immediacy of the moment, free from impatience, not wanting the animal to
do
something, but content to watch it just as it is. Or perhaps it’s like watching an insect on the floor. At first you may look at it and think ‘Oh, it’s a bug.’ But then you look a little closer and see all the legs. So you look a little closer again and see the features on the face. Each time you notice something new about this ‘bug’. If you can apply this sense of gentle curiosity, to your meditation and even everyday life, it will add something that is every bit as beneficial as it is unexpected.
The hot soup
By way of contrast, I’d like to leave you with one final story before we move on to the topic of the practice itself. It involves my lack of gentle curiosity, a very strict monastery and some very hot soup.
Like many monasteries in the West, this place frequently opened its doors to visitors so that they could take part in short meditation retreats. During these periods we were expected to look after them as guests of the monastery. As part of their daily schedule they had breakfast and lunch delivered to their room. Although room service in a monastery may sound a little luxurious, it was to give the retreat participants the opportunity to practise ‘eating meditation’ (details of which you can find on page 130). So, as monks and nuns we’d take it in turns to prepare the food, put it on plates, and deliver it to the rooms. Lunch was simply a small bowl of soup and a piece of bread. The soups were all freshly made, often with ingredients from the garden, and were rotated throughout the week. We’d done quite a lot of retreats and I was getting used to just going through the motions as I prepared the soup and, if I’m honest, not really giving it my full attention. In fact, I became a little slapdash about it all – a bit of this, a bit of that, chuck it in, see what happens. I liked to think of it as creative flair, but in reality I was just too lazy to weigh everything out and create more washing-up. Besides, I figured the quicker I finished, the more time I’d have to rest.
One day I went into the kitchen and saw that mulligatawny soup was on the menu. It’s a curry-based soup and one I’d made lots of times before. I set about cooking the vegetables, blending them together and making the broth. I’d made it so many times that I didn’t bother using the recipe card any longer. I reached the point where I had to add in the herbs and the curry powder. Like many big kitchens, all the herbs and spices were stored in identical clear jars. In fact, the appearance of the contents and a simple sticky label on the front of the jar was the only way of telling them apart. Opening the cupboard, I reached in and took out the one with ‘curry powder’ labelled on the front. Noticing the reddish colour of the powder, I paused momentarily and thought how strange it looked, but then quickly pushed the thought aside. I was in far too much of a hurry to apply any gentle curiosity, I just wanted to get it finished so I could enjoy a bit more of the lunch-break. The idea that I could make the soup and enjoy myself at the same time hadn’t even occurred to me.
Now when I was first taught to make the soup, I’d been instructed to taste it as I went along, to make sure it was OK. Not really paying close attention to the measurements and not bothering to taste it, I quickly spooned in the different ingredients. Thinking I’d spice it up a little to give it some more flavour, I chucked in a couple of heaped tablespoons. I continued to stir the ingredients, until it looked as though it was just about the right consistency and ready to serve.
I leaned over and smelt the soup. My nose bristled at the spice and my eyes immediately began to water. ‘That’s odd,’ I thought, ‘I don’t remember it being like that before.’ I picked up the spoon and took a mouthful. It felt as if my head was about to explode. I mean, I like things hot, I’d spent a lot of time living in Asia eating spicy food, but this was another level. In fact, I’d never tasted anything so hot in my life. Coughing and spluttering, I tried to cool my mouth by putting anything in it that I thought might help. I looked at the clock and saw that I only had five minutes before the soup had to be served up and on its way. Unfortunately, my new-found sense of calm in my meditation practice had yet to find its way into the more stressful situations of everyday life. So rather than take it in my stride, I started to panic.
I hurriedly thought back to the curry houses I used to go to after a night on the town as a student. All I could remember was the idea of balancing out heat with something cool and sweet. I grabbed the milk and poured it in. Nothing. So I tried a bit more. Nothing. And now it was going really runny. I started talking to myself as I was doing it. ‘Yoghurt? Why not, chuck it in.’ Still nothing. ‘Apricot jam? Chuck it in.’ Now that one did seem to work a little, although it gave the soup a very strange flavour. Working on the premise that sweet preserves of any kind were most definitely the way forward, in went the marmalade, honey and even the molasses. It was still burning hot, but at least it was now vaguely edible, albeit with a rather curious taste.
I quickly filled up the bowls and placed them outside each of the rooms, knocking just lightly to let them know that their lunch was ready. By now I’d started to calm down, but I knew what it was like to be in retreat, looking forward to your last meal of the day, only to be served something horrible. On the bright side, I realised it was only the second day of a week-long silent retreat, so I figured nobody could complain for another five days. ‘Who knows . . .’ I thought, ‘maybe they’ll have forgotten by the end of the week.’ But seriously, who was going to forget that? Having an upset stomach is no fun at the best of times, but having it in a silent retreat when you’re sharing one toilet between six other people is no fun at all.
It later transpired that in filling the jars of spices, somebody had accidentally mixed up the curry and chilli powder. So, rather than putting one level tablespoon of mild curry powder in the soup, I’d put two heaped tablespoons of chilli powder. Of course, in the big scheme of things no real harm had been done, but for me it epitomises the way we can sometimes plough through life, trying to get to the end of everything and not really paying attention to the journey. By taking the time to pause, and be curious, I could have so easily avoided the entire situation. Instead, I was so caught up in the pursuit of free time that I ploughed on through. Ironically, any free time I did have was then spent worrying about what I’d done. Sound familiar?
So, as you apply the instructions to your own meditation try, whenever you can, to apply this idea of gentle curiosity to whatever you’re watching in the mind. It will make more of a difference than you could possibly imagine.
Exercise 6: mental body scan
A great way of cultivating this quality of gentle curiosity is to apply it to physical sensations within the body. Put the book down again and gently close your eyes as before. Starting at the top of the head, mentally scan through your body all the way down to the tips of your toes. The first time, do it quite quickly, taking about 10 seconds to go from head to toe. The next time, take a bit longer, more like 20 seconds. And then do it one final time in a bit more detail, taking about 30 or 40 seconds to do it. As you scan down through the body, notice which parts of it feel relaxed, comfortable and at ease, and which parts feel painful, uncomfortable or restricted in some way. Try to do it without any judgment or analysis, but more with a sense of just building up a picture of how the body feels right now. Don’t worry if thoughts distract you every now and then – each time you realise the mind has wandered off you can gently bring it back to wherever you left off.
What the research shows
1 Medical professionals give their backing to mindfulness
In a recent study by the UK Mental Health Foundation, 68% of GPs agreed that it would be helpful for their patients to learn mindfulness-based meditation techniques – even for those without any health problems. The only difficulty is that most of these doctors said they didn’t know where to find the appropriate mindfulness resources – enter Headspace.
2 Meditation activates parts of the brain related to happiness
If you’re the kind of person who is very resilient and optimistic, then there’s a good chance that the front
left
-hand side of your brain is very active. If, on the other hand, you tend to get quite anxious and caught up in lots of negative thinking, then it will be the front
right
-hand side of the brain which is more active. Neuroscientists at the University of Wisconsin found that after just eight weeks of mindfulness practice, participants experienced a significant change in the activity from right to left, which corresponded with increased feelings of happiness and wellbeing.
3 Mindfulness reduces the intensity of negative emotions
Neuroscientists from UCLA recently discovered that people who practise mindfulness techniques experience negative emotions less intensely than those who do not. They found that by ‘labeling’ these emotions and thereby becoming more aware of them, the intensity was significantly reduced. So, the next time you find yourself writing a retaliatory e-mail or wanting to shout at your partner in a fit of rage, label your anger ‘anger’ and you might just avoid having to make an embarrassing apology.
4 Meditation unwinds the harmful effects of stress
It’s a well known fact that stress has a significant impact on our health. In the past, doctors have found that the ‘stress response’ can increase blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and even lead to strokes, hypertension and coronary heart disease. It also impacts the immune system and has been shown to reduce the chances of conception. In contrast, meditation has been shown to evoke the ‘relaxation response’, where blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and oxygen consumption all decrease, whilst the immune system is given a significant boost.
5 Mindfulness has been proven to reduce anxiety
A few years back the University of Massachusetts Medical School investigated the effects of mindfulness-based meditation on a group of people suffering with generalised anxiety disorder. An incredible 90% of the participants documented significant reductions in anxiety and depression, following just eight weeks of learning. Even more surprisingly, in a recent follow-up, three years after the initial experiment, the researchers found that these improvements had been maintained.
The Practice
There are thousands of different meditation techniques in the world, each coming from its own tradition and each with its own particular emphasis. However, at the heart of most of them is the intention to remain focused, relaxed, and with that natural quality of awareness I mentioned earlier. Another way of putting it might be ‘the intention to rest in the moment’. Before you say, ‘That doesn’t sound like my mind at all, I’ll never do it, my mind’s all over the place’, it’s worth remembering that this is a skill you’re learning. If you’d never played the piano before and went along for your first piano lesson, I doubt you’d take one look at the piano and then make a run for the door. I assume that’s the whole reason you went for the lesson in the first place – to learn to play the piano. This is the same principle. It may well be that you feel as though your mind is all over the place, but that’s why you’re learning to meditate. It may sound obvious, but for some reason it’s easy to forget this fact.
All meditation, no matter which culture or tradition it comes from, how complicated it might appear, or what its purpose might be, relies on at least one of two essential components: concentration (usually the calming aspect) and clarity (usually the insight aspect). Sometimes the technique might incorporate just one of these components and at other times it will incorporate both. What tends to differentiate meditation techniques is more often the approach and the desired outcome. For example, the technique might be designed to increase concentration, to generate devotion, develop compassion, improve performance, or any one of a whole number of possibilities. But all of these techniques still rely on at least one, if not both, of these two key components. Mindfulness is a great example of how these two different aspects can be brought together to create a broad and flexible technique very well suited to the demands of modern-day living. And so it is with Take10, the technique I’m about to teach you. It brings together both these components, but with a slightly greater emphasis on the calming aspect.