Authors: Dorothy L. Sayers
‘It would.’
‘In the case of a murderer, standing in the position you describe, his hands
and clothes would necessarily be very much stained?’
‘His right hand and arm, probably. His clothes might not be stained at al,
since they would be protected by the body of his victim.’
‘Did you carry out a post-mortem on the body to ascertain if there was any
other possible cause of death?’
The doctor, smiling slightly, said that he had, in the ordinary course of things,
opened up the head and body, but had seen nothing of a suspicious nature.
‘In your opinion, what was the cause of death?’
Dr Fenchurch, stil smiling slightly, said that in his opinion the cause of death
was acute haemorrhage, coupled with the severance of the respiratory canal. In
fact, the deceased had died of having his throat cut.
The coroner, who was a lawyer and seemed unwiling to let the medical
witness have his own way entirely, persisted.
‘I am not trying to quibble over absurdities,’ he remarked, acidly. ‘I am
asking you whether we are to understand that the death was actualy caused by
the wound in the throat, or whether there is any possibility that the deceased
was kiled in some other way, and the throat cut afterwards to produce the
appearance of suicidal throat-cutting?’
‘Oh, I see. Wel, I can say this: that the throat-cutting was undoubtedly the
immediate cause of death. That is, the man was undoubtedly alive when his
throat was cut. The body was completely drained of blood. In fact, I have
never seen a body drained so completely. There was some very slight clotting
about the heart but it was remarkably little. This, however, is no more than one
might expect from the great extent of the wound. If the man had been already
dead when the wound was inflicted, there would, of course, have been little or
no bleeding.’
‘Quite so. It is as wel to have that clear. You said that the throat-cutting was
the
immediate
cause of death. What precisely did you mean by that?’
‘I meant to exclude the bare possibility that the deceased might also have
taken poison. It is not unusual to find suicides doubling their precautions in this
way. As a matter of fact, however, the internal organs showed no signs of
anything of this nature having taken place. If you wish, I can have an analysis
made of the visceral contents.’
‘Thank you; perhaps it would be as wel. It would equaly, I suppose, be
possible that the man had been previously drugged by some other party before
the delivery of the blow, or slash, that cut his throat?’
‘Certainly. A soporific might have been administered beforehand in order to
make the attack more easy.’
Here Inspector Umpelty rose and begged to draw the coroner’s attention to
the evidence of Harriet and the photographs that the deceased had walked to
the rock on his own feet and alone.
‘Thank you, Inspector; we shal come to that later. Permit me to finish with
the medical evidence. You heard Miss Vane’s account of her finding the body,
Doctor, and her statement that at ten minutes past two the blood was stil liquid.
What inference do you draw as regards the time of the death?’
‘I should say that it had occurred within a very few minutes of the finding of
the body. Not earlier than two o’clock at the outside.’
‘And would a person die quickly from the effects of having his throat cut in
the manner described?’
‘He would die immediately. The heart and arteries might continue to pump
blood for a few seconds by spasmodic muscular contraction, but the man
would be dead from the moment that the great vessels were severed.’
‘So that we may take it that the wound was actualy inflicted certainly not
earlier than two o’clock?’
‘That is so. Two o’clock is the extreme limit. I myself should incline to put it
later.’
‘Thank you. There is just one more question. You have heard that a razor
was found in proximity to the body. Inspector, would you kindly hand the
exhibit to the witness. In your opinion, Doctor, is the appearance of the wound
consistent with its having been inflicted by that weapon?’
‘Decidedly so. This, or a similar razor, would be an ideal instrument for the
purpose.’
‘In your opinion, would great physical strength be required to deliver such a
blow with that, or a similar weapon?’
‘Considerable strength, yes. Exceptional strength, no. Much would depend
upon the circumstances.’
‘Wil you explain what you mean by that?’
‘In the case of a determined suicide, wounds of this kind have been known
to be inflicted by persons of quite ordinary or even poor physique. In the case
of homicide, much would depend on whether the victim was able to offer any
effective resistance to the attack.’
‘Did you find any other marks of violence on the body?’
‘None whatever.’
‘No signs of throttling or bruising?’
‘None. There was nothing remarkable beyond the natural action of the water
and the complete absence of post-mortem staining. I attribute the latter to the
smal amount of blood present in the body and also to the circumstance that the
body was not left lying in one position, but was washed from the rock shortly
after death and tumbled about in the water.’
‘In your opinion, does the condition of the body suggest suicide or
homicide?’
‘In my opinion, and taking al the circumstances into consideration, suicide
appears rather more probable. The only point to set against it is the absence of
surface cuts. It is rather rare for a suicide to be completely successful at the first
attempt, though it is not by any means unknown.’
‘Thank you.’
The next witness was Miss Leila Garland, who confirmed the evidence of
Mrs Lefranc with respect to the cipher letters. This naturaly led to an inquiry
into the relations between Miss Garland and Mr Alexis, from which it transpired
that their acquaintance had been conducted on a footing of rigid, and even
Victorian, propriety; that Mr Alexis had been terribly distressed when Miss
Garland had put an end to the friendship; that Mr Alexis was not by any means
a likely person to commit suicide; that (on the other hand) Miss Garland had
been terribly upset to think of his having done anything rash on her account; that
Miss Garland had never heard of anybody caled Feodora, but did not, of
course, know what folies Mr Alexis might not have committed in a despairing
mood after the termination of their friendship; that Miss Garland had not so
much as set eyes on Mr Alexis for ever so long and could not imagine why
anybody should think this terrible business had anything to do with her. With
regard to the letters, Miss Garland had thought that Mr Alexis was being
blackmailed, but could produce no evidence to prove this.
It now became obvious that nothing on earth could keep Mrs Weldon out of
the witness-box. Attired in near-widow’s weeds, she indignantly protested
against the suggestion that Alexis could possibly have made away with himself
on Leila’s account, or on any account whatever. She knew better than anybody
that Alexis had had no genuine attachment to anyone but herself. She admitted
that she could not explain the presence of the portrait signed ‘Feodora’, but
asserted vehemently that, up to the last day of his life, Alexis had been radiant
with happiness. She had last seen him on the Wednesday night, and had
expected to see him again on the Thursday morning at the Winter Gardens. He
had not arrived there, and she was perfectly sure that he must have been lured
away to his death by some designing person. He had often said that he was
afraid of Bolshevik plots, and in her opinion, the police ought to look for
Bolsheviks.
This outburst produced some effect upon the jury, one of whom rose to
inquire whether the police were taking any steps to comb out suspicious looking
foreigners residing in, or hanging about, the vicinity. He himself had observed a
number of disagreeable-looking tramps on the road. He also noticed with pain
that at the very hotel where Alexis had worked, a Frenchman was employed as
a professional dancer, and that there were also a number of foreigners in the
orchestra at the Winter Gardens. The dead man was also a foreigner. He did
not see that naturalisation papers made any difference. With two milion British-
born workers unemployed, he thought it a scandalous thing that this foreign riff-
raff was alowed to land at al. He spoke as an Empire Free-Trader and
member of the Public Health Committee.
Mr Polock was then caled. He admitted having been in the neighbourhood
of the Grinders reef with his boat at about two o’clock on the day of the death,
but insisted that he had been out in deep water and had seen nothing previous
to Harriet’s arrival on the scene. He was not looking in that direction; he had his
own business to attend to. As to the nature of that business he remained
evasive, but nothing could shake his obstinate assertion of complete ignorance.
His grandson Jem (having now returned from Ireland) briefly confirmed this
evidence, but added that he himself had surveyed the shore with a glass at, he
thought, about 1.45. He had then seen someone on the Flat-Iron rock, either
sitting or lying down, but whether dead or alive he could not say.
The last witness was Wiliam Bright, who told the story about the razor in
almost exactly the same terms that he had used to Wimsey and the police. The
coroner, glancing at a note handed up to him by Umpelty, alowed him to finish
what he had to say, and then asked:
‘You say this happened at midnight on Tuesday, 16 June?’
‘Just after midnight. I heard the clock strike shortly before this man came up
to me.’
‘How was the tide at the time?’
For the first time, Bright faltered. He glanced about him as though he
suspected a trap, licked his lips nervously, and replied:
‘I know nothing about tides. I don’t belong to this part of the country.’
‘But you mentioned, in your very moving account of this interview, the noise
made by the sea lapping against the wal of the Esplanade. That suggests, does
it not, that the tide was then ful?’
‘I suppose so.’
‘Would you be surprised to learn that at midnight on the 16th of this month
the tide was actualy at the lowest point of the ebb?’
‘I may have sat there longer than I thought.’
‘Did you sit there for six hours?’
No answer.
‘Would it surprise you to know that the sea never comes up to the wal of
the Esplanade except at the top of the spring tides which, on that particular
date, would occur at about six o’clock in the evening?’
‘I can only say that I must have been mistaken. You must alow for the
effects of a morbid imagination.’
‘You stil say that the interview took place at midnight?’
‘Yes; I am confident about that.’
The coroner dismissed Mr Bright with a warning to be more careful with
statements he made in court, and recaled Inspector Umpelty with an inquiry
into Bright’s movements and character.
He then summed up the evidence. He did not attempt to disguise his own
opinion, which was that deceased had taken his own life. (Incoherent protest
from Mrs Weldon.) As to why he should have done so, it was not the jury’s
business to speculate. Various motives had been suggested, and the jury must
bear in mind that deceased was a Russian by birth, and therefore excitable, and
liable to be overcome by feelings of melancholy and despair. He himself had
read a great deal of Russian literature and could assure the jury that suicide was
of frequent occurrence among the members of that unhappy nation. We who
enjoyed the blessing of being British might find that difficult to understand, but
the jury could take it from him that it was so. They had before them clear
evidence of how the razor came into the hands of Alexis, and he thought they
need not lay too much stress on Bright’s error about the tide. Since Alexis did
not shave, what could he have needed a razor for, unless to commit suicide? He
(the coroner) would, however, be perfectly fair and enumerate the one or two
points which seemed to throw doubt on the hypothesis of suicide. There was
the fact that Alexis had taken a return-ticket. There was the passport. There
was the belt ful of gold. They might perhaps think that the deceased had
contemplated fleeing the country. Even so, was it not likely that he had lost
heart at the last moment and taken the shortest way out of the country and out
of life itself? There was the odd circumstance that the deceased had apparently
committed suicide in gloves, but suicides were notoriously odd. And there was,
of course, the evidence of Mrs Weldon (for whom they must al feel the
deepest sympathy) as to the deceased’s state of mind; but this was