History of the Second World War (139 page)

Stolbtsy, 580

Stopford, Lieut.-General Montagu, at Imphal battle, 519; in recapture of Burma, 633, 635-7, 687

Stoumont, 654-5

‘Strangle, Operation’, 534

Strauss, General A., 89

Struma valley, 134-5

Strumitza valley, 135

Student, General K., Commander-in-Chief of German Airborne Forces, on loss of invasion plan, 37; on attack on West, 67-8; persuades Hitler to attack Crete by air, 137-8; prepared to counter invasion of Sardinia, 438; on airborne landing in Sicily, 444; in Italy, 452; shock tactics of, in Italian H.Q., 454; suggests airborne attack at Stalingrad, 484; called on to fill gap in German defences, 559

Stuka dive-bomber, 101.
See also
Dive-bombers in Subject Index

Stumme, General, 299, 301

Stumpff, General H. A., 91

Stuttgart, air raids on, 600, 602

Styria, 134

Subic Bay, Luzon, 683

Sudan, Italian threat to, 109, 112, 121;

British Army in, 121

Sudan Defence Force, 121, 124

Sudeten Germans, 701

Suez Canal, planned capture by air, 137, 139

Suffolk,
H.M.S., 377

Sultan, General D., 635

Sumatra, oil of, 207; in British sphere, 346; planned move to, 368-9, 515

Summa, 46-7

Sundlo, Colonel, 54

Suomussalmi, 44

‘Super-Gymnast, Operation’, 310, 312

‘Supercharge, Operation’, 302

‘Supercharge II, Operation’, 418

Superfortress (Boeing B.29), 510, 630-1, 684, 690

Surigao Strait, 623, 625

Suzuki, Admiral K., 693-4

Suzuki, Lieut.-General S., 622, 628

Sweden, iron-ore of, 45, 52-3; neutrality of, 45; Churchill seeks domination of iron-fields of, 53-4; Gamelin plans seizure of ironfields of, 54-5; Allied plan to invade, 57

Switzerland, negotiations in, for German surrender in Italy, 674

Sykes, Major-General Frederick, 589-90

Syracuse, 440

Syria, 137

Szeged, 586

Szolnok, 586

Szylling, General, 29

Tabarka, 335

Tacloban, Leyte, 628

Tafaraoui airfield, 324

Taganrog, 241, 249, 484, 491-2

Taiho,
the, 619, 683

Takagi, Rear-Admiral T., 347

Talaud Islands, 621

Taman peninsula, 477

Tampin, 228

Tamu, Assam, 236

Tanaka, Rear-Admiral, 361

Tankan Bay, Kurile Islands, 216

Tannenberg, 667

Tapotchau, Mount, 619

Tarakan Island, 688

Taranto, British naval attack on, 212; capture of, 456, 466-7, 523; advantages of making initial landing at, 474

Tarawa, 510-11

Tarhuna-Homs line, 398-9

Tarnopol, 572-3, 581

Tartar Pass, 573, 586

Taung Bazar, 516

Taungtha, 636

Tauroggen, 584

Taylor, Major-General Maxwell D., 453, 655

Tebessa, 335, 397; U.S. supply dumps at, 405, 408, 410; Rommel thwarted in drive for, 406, 408-10

Tebourba, 338-9, 341

Tedder, Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur (later Baron), 298, 456; Deputy Supreme Commander at ‘Overlord’, 547; angry about failure to break through near Caen, 553, 556; orders bombing of German transport network, 606-7

Teheran Conference, 523

Tell el Eisa ridge, 301

Temesoara, 586

Templer, Major-General Gerald, 531

Templeton’s Crossing, Papua, 356

Tenasserim, 234

Terek, River, 254, 258; valley, 255

Termini, 460

Termoli, 468

Terni, 471

Thailand, 203, 224-5, 234

Thala, 406-9

Thames estuary, 89

Thameshaven, 102

Thelepte, 405, 413

Thoma, General R. von, 175, 299, 305

Tobruk, captured by British force, 114-15; garrison left in, 120, 171-3; Rommel attacks, 171, 173-4; attempts to relieve, 171, 174, 176-8; reinforced by sea, 173, 182-3; state of siege at, 174; panzer regiment at, 177-8; planned breakout from, in ‘Crusader’, 184, 187-8; Rommel plans attack on, 185-6; 13th Corps links up with force from, 191, 194; Afrika Korps retreats from, 195; taken by Rommel, 273, 276-8, 311; supply line from, 400

Toem, New Guinea, 615

Togo, Admiral Count H., 218-19

Tojo, General Hideki, 207, 620, 693

Tokyo, U.S. air raids on, 344-5, 630-1, 690-1

Tolbukhin, General, 492, 575-6, 584, 586-7

Tomahawk (Curtiss-Wright P.40E), 221, 235

Tomaszow, 29

‘Torch, Operation’, 310-33; synchronisation of Alamein attack with, 297, 310; U.S. dislike idea of, 311; U.S. acceptance of. 312; American command of, 312; conflicts of view on time and site of, 313-16; Stalin’s interest aroused in, 314; final plan for, 316; Royal Navy’s part in, 316-17; diplomatic prelude to, 317-19; American’s too secret approach to, 317, 320-1; initial French resistance to, 320-6; landing at Casablanca, 321-3; French stop resistance to, 323, 327-328; Mediterranean landings, 323-6; danger to, of Spanish intervention, 333; causes shortage of convoy escorts, 386

Torun, 667

Toulon, French fleet at, 330-3

Toungoo, 637

Tours, French Government in, 85

Toussaint, General R., 453

Tovey, Admiral Sir John, 377-9, 393

Toyoda, Admiral S., 617-18, 621-3

Transylvania, 577, 586

Transylvanian Alps, 573

Trasimene line, 538-9

Trenchard, Viscount (Major-General Sir Hugh), 230; supports concept of strategic air attack, 589-93; pro-bomber attitude of, 591-2

Trident Conference, 499-50, 634

Trieste, 539, 674

Trigh Capuzzo, 186, 194, 267, 272

Trigh el Abd, 186, 191

Trigno, River, 468, 471

Trincomalee, 237

Trinidad, sinking of ships near, 385

Tripartite Pact, 206

Tripoli, British stop short of, 117-18, 131, 711; Rommel’s Afrika Korps arrives at, 118, 131; tank reinforcements land at, 267, 270-1; Rommel retreats through, 309, 399; Italian troops from, in Tunisia, 336; port installations destroyed in, 399-400; Montgomery and Eighth Army in, 399-400; ‘Avalanche’ convoy sails from, 460

Tripolitania, Agheila bottleneck between Cyrenaica and, 116; O’Connor’s troops prevented from taking, 117-18; Rommel’s army in, 197-8, 266, 307, 397; Rommel ordered to hold, 308-9, 398-9

Trobriand Islands, 502-3

Trocchio, Monte, 527

Trois Ponts, 654, 658

Trondheim, Germans capture, 51, 60-1; British plan landing at, 57, 60; British attack on, 62-3

Troubridge, Commodore Thomas, 316

Truk, Caroline Islands, 357, 617; Japanese naval base, 346, 501; heavy air raids on, 512-13, 613

Truman, President Harry S., 691-2, 694-7

Truscott, General Lucian K., 531, 671

Tsingtao, 204

Tuapse, 253-5, 477

Tuck, Pinkney, 327-8

Tug Argan Pass, Battle of, 124

Tuker, Major-General Francis, in N. Africa, 418, 420, 426, 428; in Italy, 529

Tukkums, 582, 584

Tulagi, 345-6, 357, 360; Marines take, 358

Tummar East and Tummar West Camps, 113

Tunis, Hitler’s order to hold at all costs, 229; Allies’ need for rapid seizure of, 313n.; German troops and supplies in, 329, 335; Allied advance on, 334-7, 424, 428; plan to seize airfield at. 334; Allies’ failure to capture quickly, 397, 433, 435, 447; occupation of, 429

Tunisia, Rommel retreats to frontier of, 267, 309, 399; Anglo-American advance into, 308, 334-5; importance of quick advance to, 313; Axis powers occupy, 328-9; Allied advance in, 328, 330, 334-41; Darlan’s order for French resistance in, 330; French forces in, 332, 335-6; Hitler’s confidence in Axis success in, 333, 341, 413, 433, 435, 712; successful bluff by German troops in, 335-6; German bridgehead in, 336; German reinforcements to, 339, 341-342, 402, 433, 447; Axis build-up of forces in, aids Allies’ attack on Sicily, 341-2, 435, 447, 712; Rommel arrives in, 399, 401; threatened Italian invasion of, 400; strength of Axis armies in, 402-3; successful German attack in, 403, 405; Rommel foiled in driving Allies out of, 406-10; forces in, placed under Rommel, 410; divergent estimates of strength of opposing forces in, 412; supplies to Axis forces in, 412, 426; shortened front in, 423; choice of area for ‘final’ thrust in, 423-4; Axis forces strained to limit and short of supplies, 425-7, 429-30; complete capture of Axis troops in, 430-2, 435, 447, 712

Turkey, and Dardanelles, 145

Turner, Admiral Kelly, 684

Turner, Rear-Admiral Richard, 510

Turnu-Severin, 585

Tytarskari Island, 43

Udenbrath, 652

Udet, General E., 94

Ukhrul, 518-19

Ukraine, vital to Russia, 149; Russian armies facing Germans in, 165; Guderian’s panzer group sent to, 166-7

Uman, 572

‘Unconditional surrender’, demand for, 451; helps Hitler, 588, 712-13; document signed in Italy, 674-5, 680; of Germany, 680; lengthens war, 681, 712-13; modified for Japan, 692-3, 696; Japanese difficulty in accepting, 694

United States, Britain left dependent on, 3; rearmament programme of, 10; availability of raw materials to, 23; Japanese assets frozen in, 199, 206; ‘prime potential enemy’ of Japan, 204; restricts, then excludes, Asiatic immigrants, 205; Japan negotiates with, 207; naval strength of, in Pacific, 208; breaks Japanese diplomatic code, 209-10; plans of, for Philippines, 211; unprepared for attack on Pearl Harbor, 211, 216, 219; indignation in, at attack on Pearl Harbor, 217; enters into war, 310, 711; considers European strategy, 310-12; protest in, about appointment of Darlan, 331; Franco’s relations with, 333; Japan attempts to cut Australia off from, 343-5; retaliates for Pearl Harbor, 344-5; assumes responsibility for Pacific area, 346; becomes involved in Atlantic, 375, 380-1; slow to adopt convoy system and take anti-U-boat precautions, 383-4; withdraws from N. Atlantic convoy escort duties, 388; ‘senior partner’ of Allies, 439; counteroffensive on Japan to come from, 499; strategic plan of, for S.W. Pacific operation, 502; plan of, to build air base in China, 509-10; cuts off relations with Finland, 576; supplies to Russia allow increased motorisation of army, 580, 664-5; exponent of strategic air attack, 590; knows about Japanese peace moves, 692-4; does not want Russia in war with Japan, 697

Urals, Luftwaffe to eliminate industrial areas in, 147; tank production in factories of, 245; projected drive to, 247; increasing flow of equipment from, 486

Ushijima, Lieut.-General M., 683, 686

Uso, River, 541

Vaerst, General G. von, 430

Valiant
, 465

Valmontone, 533, 535-6

Vandegrift, Major-General Alexander A., 358

Vardar valley, 135

Vasilevsky, Marshal A. M., 260, 664

Vatutin, General, in encirclement of Stalingrad, 260-1; threatens German line of retreat, 264, 480; advance of army of, to Kiev, 490-2, 494-5; advances from Kiev salient, 569-70; killed, 572

Vauthier, Colonel, translation of Douhet’s book by, 590n.

Velikye Luki, 483

Vella Lavella Island, 505

Velletri, 536

Venetian line, 674

Venice, 674

Vietinghoff, General S. von, 10th Army of, in Italy, 452, 459, 528; on naval gunfire, 464; profits by British delay, 468; replaces Kesselring, 541, 671, 674; deceived by mock preparations for amphibious landing, 672; retreats to Po, 673; and surrender in Italy, 674

Vietri, 461, 463

Vigan, Luzon, 222