How to Live (59 page)

1
This account of Montaigne’s death is based mainly on Pasquier’s: Pasquier,
Choix de lettres
48–9, cited Frame,
Montaigne
304–6. “Pale and weeping servants”: I:20 81–2. Bernard Automne: Automne, B.,
Commentaire sur les coustumes généralles de la ville de Bourdeaux
(Bordeaux: Millanges, 1621), cited Frame,
Montaigne
305. A discussion of the precise causes of Montaigne’s death, hosted by the Société des Amis de Montaigne in 1996, concluded that a stroke may have finished him off: Eyquem, A. (et al)., “La Mort de Montaigne: ses causes rediscutées par la consultation posthume de médecins spécialistes de notre temps,”
Bulletin de la Société des Amis de Montaigne
, series 8, no. 4 (juillet–déc. 1996), 7–16.

2
Brach’s account: Pierre de Brach to Justus Lipsius, Feb. 4, 1593, cited Villey,
Montaigne devant la posterité
350–1, and Millet 64–6.

3
“His heart was placed”: Montaigne,
Le Livre de raison
, entry for Sept. 13. On his burial in the church, see Legros, A., “Montaigne, Saint Michel de,” and Balsamo, J., “Tombeau de Montaigne,” in Desan,
Dictionnaire
683–4 and 983–4 respectively.

4
The Feuillants: Balsamo, J., “Tombeau de Montaigne,” in Desan,
Dictionnaire
983–4. Montaigne on the Feuillants: I:37 205.

5
Inscriptions on tomb: cited Millet 192–3; translated in Frame,
Montaigne
307–8.

6
Posthumous adventures of Montaigne’s remains: Frame,
Montaigne
306–7, and Balsamo, J., “Tombeau de Montaigne,” in Desan,
Dictionnaire
983–4. Revolutionary reburial: Nicolaï, A., “L’Odyssée des cendres de Montaigne,”
Bulletin de la Société des Amis de Montaigne
, series 2, no. 15 (1949–52), 31–45.

7
“Life should be an aim unto itself”: III:12 980. Virginia Woolf: in her diary, she wrote, “More & more do I repeat my own version of Montaigne ‘It’s life that matters.’ ” Woolf, V.,
Diary
III:8 (entry for April 8, 1925). She said much the same in two other entries: II:301 (May 5, 1924) and IV:176 (Sept. 2, 1933), and in her essay on Montaigne: Woolf, V., “Montaigne,” in
Essays
IV: 71–81.

8
No longer any need for Montaigne? For an early postwar discussion of this possibility, see Spencer, T., “Montaigne in America,”
The Atlantic
177, no. 3 (March 1946), 91–7. We cannot gratify heaven or earth by committing murder: I:30 181.

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