Human Cargo (54 page)

Convention of 1951 and,
110

deaths of, and boat people,
137

as guides for
coyotes
,
89–90

Guinean camps and,
192
,
195
,
200–206
,
215
,
217

Liberian,
217–18

Palestinian camps and,
244–49

prison and detention centers and,
136–48

prostitution of,
50

of refugees,
264–67

separated from parents,
202–6

translate for parents,
275

Chile

resettlement and,
334–35

torture in,
268–69
,
282–84

Chilean Medical Association,
268–69

Chilean refugees,
282–84

Chilout,
149

China

Great Wall,
94

Chinese migrants and refugees,
92–93
,
102
,
117
,
127

Christian (Guinean aid worker),
203–6

Christmas Island,
129–30
,
132

Cicero,
100

Claudette (Rwandan refugee),
177–79

Claudette, Sister,
119–20
,
124
,
125

Clinton, Bill,
97–98

Cold War,
38
,
42

Colombian torture victims,
268–69
,
272

Communism, “good” refugees and,
37–38

Conakry, Guinea,
157
,
187–88
,
189
,
210–11

transit center for children,
203–6

concentration camps,
141
,
269–70

“conflict” countries,
370

Congo,
158
,
356
,
370

Congolese refuges,
159
,
179

Congress of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists,
146

Consortium for Asylum Support Services,
183–85

Conte, Lansana,
207–8

Convention on Transnational Crime, UN protocols of 2000,
50

Convention for the Rights of the Child,
152

Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (1951),
5
,
5
n,
25
,
37–38
,
53
,
356

Article 1, defines refugee and asylum seeker,
37–38

Article 33, on
nonrefoukment
,
37

Australia and,
127–28
,
152

Britain and,
161
,
175–76

Hocké and redefinition of refugee in line with OAU,
42

Italy’s reservation annulled,
73

not externally supervised,
45

number of countries signing,
52

Protocol of 1967,
38

questions about number valid refugees under, in 1980s,
49

resettlement under,
333

support for, while obstructing asylum seekers,
47

unaccompanied minors and,
46–47

Coombs, Ann,
150

Cornelius, Wayne,
99
,
100

Cote d’Ivoire, ‘200

Crisp, Jeff,
47
,
101–2
,
349–50

Cuban refugees,
108

Cyprus,
132

Czech refugees,
34

Daily Express
(British newspaper),
116
,
174
,
175

Daily Mail
(British newspaper),
174
,
175

D’Amico, Daniela,
75
Daniel (Liberian refugee),
64
,
80–81
,
359

Dark Victory
(Marr and Wilkinson),
135

Darwish, Mahmud,
241

Declaration of the Hague ot 2002,
352
,
356

de Gaulle, Charles,
187

Deir Yassin massacre,
230–31

Deng, David,
328–31

Deng, Francis,
47–48

Denmark,
176

Palestinian refugees in,
250

deportations,
51

Britain and,
167

Greece and,
74

Italy and,
74
,
75

U.S. and,
107

depression of 1930s,
33

detention

Australia and,
119–25
,
126–35
,
136–55

Britain and,
163

Europe and,
42

U.S. and,
109–11

development aid,
351

Dhykwan, Peter,
339–40

Dialo, Suleiman,
156–63
,
169
,
177
,
215

Dinka people,
10
,
328–32
,
336–40

Djibouti

Somalian refugees in,
356

documents,
11
,
66
,
126

Doe, Samuel,
17
,
197–98
,
363

Dolores (Mexican migrant),
88–90

Donzo (Liberian refugee),
13–14
,
23
drug smuggling,
49
,
74–75

D’Souza, Frances,
309

Dubai,
291–92

Dunant, Henri,
31–32

Dupree, Nancy,
313

“durable solutions,”
25
,
38

Durham, Kate,
151

Eastern Europe,
37–38

“economic migrant,”
38
,
40–42

asylum seeker vs.,
87–88

effort to keep out,
51

term enters jargon,
41

Economist
,
175

ECOMOG,
198–99

education

Afghanistan and,
299–300
,
310

Cairo and,
15–16
,
23

Finland and,
338
,
339
,
344

Guinea and,
215

Pakistan and,
301

Palestinian refugees and,
249–51

Egypt

Liberian asylum seekers in,
1–2
,
3–27

See also
Cairo

Ein el-Helweh (Palestinian refugee camp),
236
,
243–44
,
245–47
,
249–50
,
252
,
253

Emaan (Afghan boat person),
134

Emam (Iranian refugee),
121
,
123
,
124

Eritrea,
43

Eritrean refugees,
4
,
43
,
168
,
284–88

Estolen, Heike,
336
,
337

Ethiopia,
43
,
356

Ethiopian refugees,
4
,
10
,
41
,
43
,
168

ethnic cleansing,
43

Europe

anti-immigration rhetoric in,
186

asylum requests in,
41
,
49

refugee definition and,
37

European Convention on human rights British derogation from,
173

European Monitoring Centre on

Racism and Xenophobia,
173

European Parliament,
186

European Union

Afghanistan and,
322

“economic migrants” and,
41–42
,
49–50

European Union
(continued)

funding of UNHCR and,
45

illegal entry as only option in,
50

migration of labor and,
351–52

refugees and migrants, hostility toward,
355–56

Shatila camp and,
226

Evian Conference of 1938,
33–34
,
117

Evin prison (Iran),
275
,
276

exile,
262–67

loneliness and trauma of,
110
,
264–67

modern age of,
264–67

post-traumatic stress disorder and,
266–67

Fallah (Liberian refugee),
217–19

Farahi, Nabi,
306

Fatah (Palestinian political group),
233–35
,
244
,
254

Fatima (Afghan boat person),
134

Fatima (Afghan displaced widow),
322–25

Fatima (Liberian refugee),
192–96
,
215
,
358

Fatima (Shatila vocational training center head),
249–50

Finland, resetdement in,
331
,
332–47

Finnish Red Cross,
333

Finnish Refugee Council,
344

Flexner, Georgina,
183–85

Fofana (Liberian refugee),
24

Ford Foundation,
39

Foucault, Pere Charles de,
260

France,
37
,
262

asylum seekers in,
164

Francesco, Father,
71–72

Franco, Francisco,
116

Fraser, Malcolm,
129

Freud, Sigmund,
264

Fugitive Pieces
(Michaels),
266

Fumbe (Liberian refugee),
21
,
26

Gagliano, Comandante Rino,
70
,
71

Gateshead Muslim Society,
161

Gedaweh (Liberian refugee),
20–21
,
25–26

Gemayel, Bashir,
236

Genefke, Dr. Inge Kemp,
269

Geneva Convention of 1864,
32

Genghis Khan,
298
,
302

genocide,
43
,
44

the Holocaust,
264–65
,
268

See also
Rwanda

Germany

Afghan refugees in,
294

asylum seekers in,
164

Palestinian refugees in,
240
,
254

UNHCR and,
37

WW II and,
37

Ghanaian refugees,
80
,
217

Ghazi (Palestinian refugee),
244–49
,
255

Gio people,
191
,
197

Giuseppe, Father,
61
,
64
,
65
,
77

Global Commission on International Migration,
351

Global IDP Database,
48

globalization,
94
,
350

Goedhart, Gerrit Jan van Heuven,
39–40

Goethe,
72

Gorton, John,
129

Great Britain

Afghan refugees in,
294

Algerian refugee in,
262

appeals for asylum denied in,
185–86

asylum seekers in,
74
,
156–63
,
169–86

Australian policy as model,
176

costs of asylum seekers in,
52
n

demographic deficit,
350–51

Eritrean refugee in,
284–88

Hadrian’s wall,
94

humanitarian protection in,
175–76

Jews to Palestine and,
34
,
132

media opposition,
173–75
,
184

number of refugees in,
164

offshore centers and,
176

and Palestine,
229–30

Palestinian refugees in,
228–29
,
240–42
,
245
,
254

Somalian refugees in,
356

Ugandan refugees in,
357–58

UNHCR and Convention and,
37
,
164

Green, Sir Andrew,
172–79

Grey, Earl,
160

Guantanamo Bay, “enemy combatants” in,
108

Guatemala,
105

Guekedou (Guinean refugee camp),
189
,
205
,
206–9

Guinea,
187–89

aid workers in,
203–6
,
207–9
,
213–14

camps scandal of 2001,
211–12

cuts in spending for UNHCR in,
211

as receiving country,
52
,
188

refugee camps in,
187–96
,
199
,
200–19
,
367

refugees from,
4
,
156–63
,
168
,
217

UNHCR and,
188–89
,
192–93
,
200
,
201
,
202–3
,
205
,
207
,
209–15
,
216

Guinean Red Cross,
202
,
217

Gulf War, first,
252

Gypsies (Roma),
74
,
175

Hadrian,
94

Haganah (Jewish underground organization),
220
,
229
,
230

Hague, William,
172–79

Haitian refugees,
109

Hakim, Abdul,
299

Halimi, Aziza (daughter of Zainab),
227

Halimi, Eyad (Palestinian refugee),
226

Halimi, Ghassam (son of Zainab),
226–27

Halimi, Hanan (granddaughter of Zainab),
240

Halimi, Marwan (son of Zainab),
226
,
227–28

Halimi, Naifa (wife of Marwan),
226

Halimi, Rasmiyya (granddaughter of Zainab),
240

Halimi, Souha (daughter of Zainab),
239

Halimi, Tariq (son of Zainab),
224–25
,
231–41

Halimi, Zainab (Palestinian refugee),
220–25
,
226–28
,
231
,
232
,
237
,
238
,
240–41

Hamas,
254