Inside the Centre: The Life of J. Robert Oppenheimer (128 page)

Oppenheimer with Paul Dirac and Abraham Pais at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton.

Oppenheimer, Toni and Peter at Olden Manor, Princeton

Lewis Strauss

Edward Teller congratulates Oppenheimer on his Fermi Prize award in 1964, attracting icy looks from Kitty.

Oppenheimer giving a speech during his last visit to Los Alamos in 1964.

Oppenheimer photographed for
Life
magazine, 1949.

The page references in this notes correspond to the printed edition from which this ebook was created. To find a specific word or phrase from the notes, please use the search feature of your ebook reader.

IN THE NOTES
below Oppenheimer is referred to as ‘JRO’; his archive of papers, deposited at the Library of Congress, as ‘JRO papers, LOC’; Smith and Weiner (1980) as ‘S & W’; Bird and Sherwin (2005) as ‘B & S’; United States Atomic Energy Commission,
In the Matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer: Transcript of Hearing before Personnel Security Board
as ‘ITMO’; and Oppenheimer’s co-correspondents, family members, biographers and interviewers as follows:

Dates are given in the British (rather than the American) style, so that, for example, 1.2.1964 means 1 February 1964, not 2 January 1964.

x
. ‘Oppie did his physics’: Kelly (2006), 136

xi
. highly derivative: compare Pais (2006) Chapter 6 with Robert Serber’s article, ‘Particle physics in the 1930s: a view from Berkeley’, in Brown and Hoddeson (1983), 206–21

3
. ‘a man who’: Rigden (1987), 231

3
. ‘never got to be’: ibid., 229

3
. ‘tried to act’: ibid., 228

3
. ‘you carried on’: Bernstein (2004), 3

3
. ‘I understood his problem’: ibid.

3
. ‘These are my people’: Rigden (1987), 229

4
. Rabi was a ‘Polish Jew’: see Rigden (1987)

4
. In New York: what follows is based on the accounts of the history of the Jewish community in New York given in Barkai (1994), Cohen (1984), Diner (1992), Gay (1965), Klingenstein (1991), Kosak (2000), Mauch & Salmons (2003), Raphael (1983), Ribalow (1965) and Sorin (1992).

5
.
Haskalah
: see Barkai (1994), Cohen (1984), Diner (1992) and Pulzer (1992)

5
. ‘Amerika, du hast es besser’: see
Goethes Werke
, Weimar: Hermann Bahlau, Volume 1, 137, quoted in Cohen (1984), 17. In full, the poem reads:

An English translation, published in
Fraser’s Magazine
in May 1831, reads:

See Melz (1949) and Riley (1952)

6
. beginning in the 1820s: see Diner (1992)

6
. ‘the beautiful ground’: quoted in Barkai (1994), 5

7
. ‘Third Migration’: see Sorin (1992)

7
. their first reaction: ibid., 50

7
. ‘the privileges and duties’: ibid., 87

7
. ‘These uptowners’: ibid., 86

7
. August Schönberg: Birmingham (1967), 24–5

8
. Joseph Seligman: ibid., 132

8
. Joseph Seligman’s children: ibid.

8
. Robert Anderson: see Lawson and Lawson (1911)

8
. his birth certificate: see Bernstein (2004), 12, footnote 4

8
. ‘As appears’: Percy Bridgman in a letter of recommendation to Ernest Rutherford, 24 June 1925. See S & W, 77

9
. ‘an unsuccessful small businessman’: JRO, interview with TSK, 18.11.1963. See S & W, 3

9
. his son, Julius: the following account of Julius, his uncles and his siblings relies on that given in Cassidy (2005), Chapter 1

9
. ‘Our Crowd’: see Birmingham (1967)

10
. ‘Our crowd here’: Sachs (1927), 219, quoted in Birmingham (1967), 256

10
. in December 1862: see Cohen (1984), 148–53

10
. ‘how thin’: Cohen (1984), 149

11
. Max Lilienthal: see Barkai (1994), 122

11
. On 3 January 1863: ibid.

11
. ‘becoming more Americanized’: Birmingham (1967), 116

12
. ‘the first gentile’: ibid., 118

12
. ‘The Bank’: ibid., 119: italics in the original

12
. ‘Seligman Affair’: ibid., Chapter 18

12
. The comic weekly
Puck
: quoted in ibid., 145

12
. ‘Gentile and Jew’: ibid., 145–6

12
. ‘Hebrews need not apply’: ibid., 147

12
. ‘The Jews and Coney Island’: reprinted in Raphael (1983), 260–3

12
. ‘We cannot bring’: ibid., 261

13
. ‘was to have’: Birmingham (1967), 147–8

13
. Felix Adler: see Neumann (1951), Radest (1969)

13
. ‘The Judaism of the Future’: see Radest (1969), 17

13
. ‘was not given’: ibid.

14
. in 1876, Adler gave a talk: ibid., 27

14
. ‘We propose’: ibid., 27–8

14
. ‘Adler’s proposal’: ibid., 28

14
. February 1877: ibid., 45

14
. ‘The Sunday Meeting’: ibid., 46

14
. ‘Ethical Culture seemed’: ibid., 47

15
. In 1874–5: Cassidy (2005), 5. Cassidy reports that Solomon alone is listed, and later (23) he says that Sigmund was still in Europe at this time. As he points out himself (page 5, footnote 11), however, Sigmund’s death certificate gives his year of immigration into the United States as 1869, so I am inclined to think that the company listed in the New York City
Directory
for 1874–5 actually included both brothers.

15
. they appear: see Cassidy (2005), 23. Since Sigmund had been in America since 1869, I am inclined to believe that he and Solomon were both founder members of the Society.

15
. funeral service: see Birmingham (1967), 149

15
. In 1887: ibid., 258

15
. ‘our good Jews’: ibid.

15
. ‘the first recognisably’: ibid.

15
. Solomon and Sigmund Rothfeld: Cassidy (2005), 6

15
. ‘Race Prejudice at Summer Resorts’: reprinted in Raphael (1983), 263–70

15
. ‘Only within’: ibid., 263

16
. ‘In seeking reasons’: ibid., 265

16
.
The American Jew
: parts of it are reprinted in Raphael (1983), 270–8