Invisible Romans (58 page)
Authors: Robert C. Knapp
attacks polytheists,
31
on legal disputes,
33
,
35
,
40
on death,
38
on women,
58
,
67
,
72
opposes same-sex practices,
69
instructions to slaves,
136
,
150
,
158
as son or grandson of freedman,
181
on career of soldier,
201
as source,
321
Paulus, Marcus Alfius,
146
Paulus, Sergius,
15
Paulus Prudentissimus, Julius,
237
peasants,
98
peculium
(slave’s purse),
151
–3
Pedanius Secundus: murdered by slaves,
142
,
145
Perilaus (Cilician eirenarch),
301
Petelia (modern Strongoli),
6
Petronius:
Satyricon:
on businessmen,
10
on petty official harassment,
23
on male domination,
29
on injustice of legal system,
34
on baths,
44
on marriage conflicts,
76
–7
on dignity of the poor,
115
on slaves and slavery,
127
–8,
134
,
136
–7,
143
,
146
,
148
,
152
–3,
161
,
164
,
174
on freedmen,
180
,
184
–5,
187
,
189
on soldier’s arrogance,
215
on brothel,
247
on gladiatorial enlistment,
267
on unsuccessful gladiators,
275
–6
as source,
318
Philippi,
40
Philogelos
(Greek book of humor),
113
Philostratus:
Life of Apollonius,
88
,
92
,
95
,
120
,
137
Phlegon of Tralles,
127
pirates,
291
,
295
,
299
,
304
–6,
310
–14
Plancius, C.,
261
Plato,
106
Plautus: slave origin,
127
on slaves,
134
,
141
Amphitryon,
64
–5
Aulularia,
61
The Bacchae,
54
Comedy of Asses,
238
,
248
,
257
Curculio,
254
The Prisoners,
124
,
141
,
148
,
166
Pseudolus,
223
The Weevil,
258
Pliny the Elder: on charms and amulets,
13
on political associations,
43
on women as fortune-tellers,
87
on favored slave,
149
on forced billeting of soldiers,
213
Pliny the Younger: on runaway slaves,
159
Pompeii: graffiti,
32
,
63
,
86
,
250
,
258
,
261
,
266
,
275
,
322
rivalry with Nuceria,
41
,
274
clubs,
43
brothel,
240
,
248
prostitutes in,
246
,
248
,
256
,
258
erotic art,
257
gladiatorial combats,
266
,
274
–5
poor, the: prejudice against,
7
–8
condition of,
97
–8,
100
,
103
–4,
124
work and earnings,
99
–101,
110
–12
burial,
101
–2
numbers,
103
beliefs and values,
105
–7,
110
–11
strife and competition,
107
religious outlook,
112
in subject position,
113
–15,
123
revolts,
115
–18
acceptance of status quo,
117
–20,
123
–4
disfavored by law,
121
Potter, David,
3
Praecilius (of Cirta),
9
Praeneste,
146
prostitutes and prostitution: attitudes to,
11
,
261
–4
male,
236
–7
practice of,
236
–7,
242
–5,
248
–9
high-class (courtesans),
237
–8,
248
slaves in,
237
,
246
temple,
237
legality,
238
–9,
261
taxed,
239
–42
earnings,
241
–3,
259
one-day festival permits,
241
and pimps,
242
–3,
246
,
259
,
261
entry to,
244
–5
numbers and widespread nature,
245
–6,
263
in brothels,
247
–8
venues,
248
–55
prices,
252
,
258
–9
and theater,
253
–4
names,
255
dress,
256
–7
performance and sex acts,
257
attacked in street,
260
–1
conditions,
261
pregnancy, contraception and abortion,
262
–3
and sexually transmitted diseases,
263
proverbs,
101
–5,
107
–8,
113
,
123
,
320
Pseudo-Lucian,
69
punishments,
38
,
40
,
229
,
304
–5
see also
crime
R
Rediker, Marcus:
Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea,
310
–14
practices,
16
–17
ceremonies and celebrations,
42
,
72
,
94
women and,
93
–5
poor and,
112
slaves and,
166
freedmen and,
192
–4
among soldiers,
224
–7
riots,
40
–1
Robert, Louis,
284
Roman Empire: social classes and hierarchy,
5
–7,
19
population,
103
citizenship,
173
–4,
282
Rome (city): poor in,
101
Rowlandson, Jane,
61
–2
S
Saturnalia,
166
Saturninus,
224
Saxons: as outlaws,
290
self-confidence,
12
Servanus, Valerius,
133
Seven Sages,
106
Severus, Septimius, Roman Emperor,
201
,
220
,
293
Seviri Augustales,
192
and misconduct,
25
–6
in marriage,
26
–7,
66
–8
practices,
27
–32,
68
–9,
257
–8
enjoyment of,
67
–8
and slave abuse,
137
–8
among slaves,
160
–1
among soldiers,
222
and contraception,
262
see also
prostitutes and prostitution
sexually transmitted diseases,
263
shops and shopping,
48
silentarii
(slave informants),
144
Simon Magus,
15
–16
slaves: status,
8
punishment of,
38
–9
beginnings and development,
125
–6
sources of,
126
–8,
130
–2
numbers and distribution,
129
–30,
182
racial types,
129
children,
130
,
148
–9,
161
–3
trade in,
130
–2
conditions and treatment,
132
–6,
138
,
144
sexual abuse and exploitation,
137
–8,
149
,
161
laws on,
138
naming,
139
occupations and duties,
140
–1,
146
outlook,
141
,
147
,
169
community and interaction,
142
–7,
164
relations with free persons,
145
–6
desire for and attainment of freedom,
147
–8,
150
–1,
166
–9,
173
–7
relations with masters,
147
–53
acceptance of situation,
148
inheritance from masters,
148
acquire funds and money,
151
,
153
business dealings,
152
–3
resistance and non-cooperation,
154
–9
stealing,
155
violence and killings,
156
–7
rebellions,
157
runaway and recovery,
157
–9
suicides,
157
marriage and family,
159
–64
in cities,
164
recreations and diversions,
164
–5
and festivals,
166
of serving soldiers,
223
as prostitutes,
237
,
246
,
260
as gladiators,
266
–70,
282
social life: communal,
42
–3
Socrates,
106
soldiers: lifestyle and conditions,
196
,
198
–9,
204
–5,
234
–5
recruitment and numbers,
197
–203,
218
,
227
separation from family,
199
–200
earnings,
201
–2
as profession,
201
privileges under law,
202
–3
enrollment,
203
and literacy,
204
records,
204
daily life,
205
–10,
212
medical treatment,
207
–8
forced savings,
209
learning of skills and promotion,
210
–11
and women,
210
,
220
,
222
–3
status,
211
–13
arrogance and resentment of,
213
–15
and bribery,
216
,
229
–30
marriage ban,
216
–17,
219
–22
funerary dedications,
219
