Isabella and the Strange Death of Edward II (28 page)

36.
   
Roll of Arms of Caerlaverock,
ed. T. Wright (Rolls Series 1864), p. 18.

37.
   
Calendar of Patent Rolls 1292–1301,
p. 576

38.
   ‘Scalacronica’, p. 130.

39.
   
H. Johnstone,
Letters of Edward,
p. XXXVIII.

40.
   The full story is given in H. Johnstone’s
Letters of Edward,
pp. XI–XIIV.

41.
   H. Johnstone,
Letters of Edward,
p. XXXVII.

42.
   Ibid., pp. XXXIX and L.

43.
   
Annales Lond.,
p. 143.

44.
   Ibid., p. 146;
Chronicle of Pierre de Langtoft,
ed. J. Wright (Rolls Series, 1867), p. 368.

45.
   J. Barbour
The Bruce,
ed. W. N. Mackenzie (London, 1909), pp. 71–6.

46.
   
The Chronicles of Walter of Guisborough,
ed. H. Rothwell (Royal Historical Soc., London, 1957), pp. 377–9.

47.
   Ibid., pp. 382–3.

48.
   Brit. Lib. Add. Mss. 22923, fo. 6.

1.
   
Roll of Arms,
ed. T. Wright (Rolls Series, 1864), p. 18.

2.
   
Vita Edwardi
(London 1957), p. 40;
Chronica Monasterii de Melsa
II, p. 286;
Canon of Bridlington,
p. 91.

3.
   Brit. Lib., Stowe Ms. 553, fo. 21v. (He died during the Scottish Expedition of autumn 1322.)

4.
   
Vita Edwardi Secundi,
p. 41.

5.
   
Trokelowe,
p. 64

6.
   
Annales Paulini,
pp. 255, 262;
Trokelowe,
p. 64;
Flores Historiarum
III, p. 331;
Murimouth,
p. 9;
Lanercost,
p. 210;
Melsa
(Meaux) II, p. 355.

7.
   
Vita Edwardi,
pp. 15 and 30.

8.
   The Chronicle evidence for this is overwhelming: see
Vita Edwardi,
pp. 7, 17;
Annales Paulini,
p. 259; Brit. Lib., Ms. Harl. 636, fo. 232;
Lanercost,
p. 210.

9.
   
Murimouth,
pp. 11–12;
Annales Lond.
I, p. 156;
Lanercost,
p. 187.

10.
   
Annales Paulini,
p. 259;
Trokelowe,
p. 65;
Vita Edwardi,
p. 2.

11.
   Thomas Walsingham,
Historia Anglicana
(Rolls Series, 1863), p. 125;
Lanercost,
p. 194;
Annales Lond.,
pp. 151, 152 and 157.

12.
   On Edward I’s death, see
Annales Paulini,
p. 256; Rothwell,
Walter of Guisborough
(1957), p. 37. The news reached London, see E/101/373/15f. 43v. for Gaveston’s recall, see, ibid., fo. 21v. For the Charter, see
Foedera
II, 1. 2. For the heraldic arms, see E/101/373/15f. 9r.

13.
   E/101/373/15, f. 22r.

14.
   A. P. Stanley,
Historical Memoirs of Westminster Abbey
(London, 1882), pp. 128–30.

15.
   For this mixed judgement, see
Flores Historiarum
III, p. 137;
Vita Edwardi,
p. 40;
Lanercost,
p. 183; ‘Scalacronica’, p. 136.

16.
   T. H. Parker,
The Knights Templar in England
(University of Arizona Press, 1963), p. 86 et seq.

17.
   
Foedera
II, pp. 19, 24.

18.
   Arch. Nat., J. 654, No. 8; Bibl. Nat. Coll., Brienne, fos. 67–76.

19.
   Brit. Lib., Mss. Harl. 636, f. 32.

20.
   
Foedera
II, p. 23.

21.
   Agnes Strickland,
Lives of the Queens of England
V, p. 473.

22.
   
Foedera
II, p. 24; E/101/376/6 M.2.

23.
   Strickland,
Lives,
pp. 472–4.

24.
   Ibid.

25.
   Mss. de L’Arsenal de Paris 3346, f. 10;
Annales Paulini,
p. 258.

26.
   E/101/373/6, M.2.

27.
   C.47/29/6/3. Brit. Lib. Cottonian, Ms. Nero DX, f. 108.

28.
   There are three highly recommended, very scholarly works on Edward II’s troubles with his baronage: John Maddicott,
Thomas of Lancaster
(Oxford, 1970), pp. 72–3; J. C. Davies,
The Baronial Opposition to Edward II
(Cambridge, 1918); and Natalie Fryde,
The Tyranny and Fall of Edward II 1321–1326
(Cambridge, 1979).

29.
   E/101/373/6, M.2; E/101/373/7, M.3;
Foedera
II, p. 31.

30.
   Strickland,
Lives.

31.
   E/403/141 M.8;
Annales Paulini,
p. 260; Maddicott,
Thomas of Lancaster,
pp. 73–4.

32.
   E/101/325/4/M.2.

33.
   
Foedera
II, p. 36.

34.
   
Annales Paulini,
pp. 259–62, gives an eye-witness account of the Coronation débâcle.

35.
   E101/373/7/M.5;
Cal. Pat. Rolls 1307–1313,
pp. 55, 58, 63.

36.
   Arch. Nat., J. 655, No. 25.

37.
   
Flores Historiarum
III, p. 148; Maddicott,
Thomas of Lancaster,
pp. 83–4.

38.
   
Les Journaux du Tresor de Philippe le Bel,
ed. J. Viard (Paris, 1840), No. 5898.

39.
   Maddicott,
Thomas of Lancaster,
pp. 85–8.

40.
   Bodl., Ms. Lat. Hist. C.5. (R) Mems. 1, 7.

41.
   Hist. Mss. Comm. Report, 4 (1874), p. 394;
Annales Paulini,
pp. 264–5;
Cal. Pat. Rolls 1307–1313,
p. 186.

42.
   Exchequer payments to Isabella: E/403/141/M.7; E/403/144 Mems. 1, 4, 5, 8; grant of lands, see
Cal. Pat. Rolls 1307–1313,
pp. 101, 113, 156.

43.
   
The Household Book of Queen Isabella,
ed. F. D. Blackley and G. Hermansen (Edmonton, 1971), pp. 133, 207, 215.

44.
   
The Household Book of Queen Isabella
describes Isabella’s lavish lifestyle in 1311. The Queen’s influence on grants can be seen in
Cal. Pat. Rolls 1307–1313,
pp. 58, 69, 74, 78, 92.

45.
   Brit. Lib., Cott. Mss. Nero C. VIII, f. 58v. Two agents were sent to France ‘
pro negociis regis secretis
’ (‘on the secret business of the King’).

46.
   
The Household Book of Queen Isabella,
pp. 137–8.

47.
   Brit. Lib., Cott. Mss. Nero C. VIII, f. 84v; Bodl., Ms. Tanner 197, f. 54.

48.
   
Trokelowe,
pp. 75–6.

49.
   
The Household Book of Queen Isabella,
pp. 103–4.

50.
   Gaveston’s downfall is described in detail by Maddicott,
Thomas of Lancaster,
pp. 121–30.

51.
   E/101/375/2 Mems. 3 and 4.

52.
   E/159/89 Mem. 15; Brit. Lib., Add Ms. 15664, f. 174.

53.
   
Foedera
II, p. 178; Brit. Lib., Cott. Ms. Julius A. 1, f. 51.

54.
   Walsingham,
Historia Anglicana
I, p. 134.

55.
   Ibid., p. 135.

56.
   
Annales Lond.,
p. 221.

57.
   Desmond Seward’s
The Monks of War
(Paladin, 1974), pp. 197–214, gives a clear account of this great scandal.

58.
   
Receuil des Historiens des Gaules, et de la France,
Vol. XXI, ed. M. de Wailly (Paris, 1855), pp. 38, 657 and Vol. XXIII, pp. 135–9.

59.
   E/30/1422.

60.
   Bibl. Nat., Lat. Mss. 8504, fos. 1–2.

61.
   
Receuil des Historiens des Gaules,
Vol. XXI, p. 657; E/101/375/9, f. 25; E/404/483/10.

62.
   J. C. Davies,
The Baronial Opposition to Edward II
(Cambridge, 1918), p. 85.

63.
   E/101/375/9, f.1.v.

64.
   Seward,
The Monks of War,
pp. 211–12.

65.
   E/101/375/9, f. 5v.

66.
   
Chronique de Pays Bas,
ed. J. Smet (Brussels, 1856), II, pp. 138–9; H. Cordier,
Annales de l’Hotel de Nesle, Memoires de L’Institut National de France
XL1 (1920), p. 36; ‘Scalacronica’, ed. H. R Maxwell;
Scot. Hist. Rev.
III, 1905–6, pp. 453–4.

67.
   E/101/375/9, fos. 19, 25, 27.

68.
   Soc. Antiq., Mss. 120, fos. 15, 97 v.

69.
   
Cal. Pat. Rolls 1313–1317,
pp. 490, 491, 518, 519.

70.
   Hilda Johnstone makes reference to this ‘Legend’ in her short monograph, ‘Isabella the She-Wolf of France’,
History
XXI (1936–1937), pp. 208–19.

71.
   Maddicott,
Thomas of Lancaster,
p. 204.

72.
   
Cal. Pat. Rolls 1317–1321,
pp. 112, 115, 116, 222, 223.

73.
   E/101/377/7, M.8.

74.
   
Trokelowe,
p. 103.

75.
   
Annales Paulini,
pp. 287–8.

76.
   Brit. Lib., Add. Mss. 17362, f. 49.

77.
   E/101/377/11.

78.
   W. J. Smith, ‘The Revolt of William Somerton’,
Eng. Hist. Rev.
LXIX (1954), pp. 76–87.

79.
   
Annales Paulini,
p. 297.

80.
   Ibid., p. 297.

81.
   Brit. Lib., Add. Charters 26, 684;
Cal. of Cl. Rolls 1318–1323,
P. 477.

82.
   Irin. Coll. Camb., Ms. R.5.41, fos. 114v.–115v.

83.
   Ibid.

1.
   
Vita Edwardi,
pp. 97–102, 104.

2.
   
Trokelowe,
p. 110;
Annales Paulini,
p. 299; Trin. Coll. Camb., Mss. R.5. 41, f. 115v.

3.
   
Cal. Cl. Rolls 1318–1323,
p. 478.

4.
   S.C.6/1090/12. M.1.

5.
   Brit. Lib., Cott. Mss. Nero D, f. 111b.

6.
   Natalie Fryde, ‘John Streetford, Bishop of Winchester, and the Crown, 1323–1330’,
Bull. Inst. Hist. Research
XLI (1971), pp. 54–5.

7.
   
Flores Historiarum
III, p. 346.

8.
   Maddicott,
Thomas of Lancaster,
pp. 310–12.

9.
   
Vita Edwardi Secundi,
pp. 124, 125, 136.

10.
   J. Taylor, ‘The Judgement on Hugh Despencer the Younger’,
Medievalia et Humanistica
XII (1958), pp. 70–7.

11.
   
Vita Edwardi Secundi,
p. 126.

12.
   Trin. Coll. Camb., Ms. R.5.41., f. 118.

13.
   E/101/380/5;
Cal. Pat. Rolls 1321–1324.,
p. 405.

14.
   Miscell. books (Duchy of Lancaster), DL.42/11, f. 66; John Taylor, ‘
Judgement on Hugh Despencer
’, op. cit.

15.
   Mary McKisack,
The Fourteenth Century,
(Oxford, 1959), p. 75.

16.
   SC. 1/63/169.

17.
   
Calendar of Docs. Relating to Scotland
III, p. 146.

18.
   E/163/4/11 No. 15. This is a collection of draft letters and includes Edward’s earlier letters (Nos. 73 and 8) to Winchester and Reynolds.

19.
   Brit. Lib., Stowe Mss. 553, f. 134 v.

20.
   
Receuil des Historiens des Gaules
XX, p. 632.

21.
   
Foedera
II, pp. 506, 620.

22.
   
Le Livere de reis de Brittanie,
ed. J. Gloves (Rolls Series, London, 1865) p. 354.

23.
   Trin. Coll. Camb., Mss. R.5. 41, f. 114.

24.
   
Foedera
II, p. 569; E/403/201. M.4.

25.
   C/61/35; SC.6/1125–1127; E/403/201, Mems. 14–15.

26.
   E/403/201, Mems. 14–15.

27.
   E/15/97, Mem. 187 b.

28.
   
Select cases in the Court of King’s Bench under Edward III.
Vol. ed. G. O. Sayles (Selden Society, London, 1958) Vol. 74, p. 155.

29.
   
Calendar of Papal Registers, Letters II 1305–1341,
pp. 461, 468, 469, 475 and 477.

30.
   E. L. G. Stones,
‘The Folvills of Ashby Folville’, Trans. Roy. Hist. Soc.,
5th series (1957), Vol. 7 pp. 124 ff; Brit. Lib., Stowe Mss. 553, f. 68.

31.
   
The War of St. Sardos
ed. Pierre Chaplais (Camden Society, 1954), 3rd Series. Vol. LXXXVII pp. 199–201.

32.
   Ibid., Appendix III, p. 265.

33.
   Ibid., Appendix III, p. 267.

34.
   
Foedera
II, p. 613.

35.
   
Swynbroke,
p. 20; SC.I/49/100.

36.
   
Cal. Cl. Rolls 1323–1327,
p. 580.

37.
   
Chroniques de London,
ed. C. J. Aungier (Camden Society, 1844), p. 49;
Vita Edwardi Secundi,
p. 143.

38.
   
Cal. Cl. Rolls 1323–1327,
p. 579.

39.
   E. L. G. Stones, ‘The date of Roger Mortimer’s escape from the Tower of London’,
Eng. Hist. Rev.
LXVI (1951), p. 978.

40.
   E/159/85, Mems. 19. 32b.

41.
   E/101/375/3f. 33.

42.
   
Cal. Pat. Rolls 1321–1324,
p. 119.

43.
   SC/1/37/45.

44.
   
Chronica Monasterii de Melsa
II, p. 348. C/81/125/6788. Edward II bitterly complained to the French.
The War of St. Sardos,
pp. 179, 193.