Killing Us Softly (31 page)

151
Woman dies from blood clot in heart: R. Patel, K. L. Grogg, W. D. Edwards, et al., “Death from Inappropriate Therapy for Lyme Disease,”
Clinical Infectious Diseases
31 (2000): 1107–1109.

152
Outbreak of gallstones in New Jersey: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Ceftriaxone-Associated Biliary Complications of Treatment of Suspected Disseminated Lyme Disease—New Jersey, 1990–1992,”
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
42 (1993): 39–42; P. J. Ettestad, G. L. Campbell, S. F. Welbel, et al., “Biliary Complications in the Treatment of Unsubstantiated Lyme Disease,”
Journal of Infectious Diseases
171 (1995): 356–61.

152
Other complications from prolonged antibiotic therapy: M. C. Reid, R. T. Schoen, J. Evans, et al., “The Consequences of Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment of Lyme Disease: An Observational Study,”
Annals of Internal Medicine
128 (1998): 354–62.

152
Malariatherapy for Chronic Lyme disease: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Epidemiologic Notes and Reports: Imported Malaria Associated with Malariotherapy of Lyme Disease—New Jersey,”
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
39 (1990): 873–75.

152
Complications from bismuth therapy: U. S. Food and Drug Administration, “FDA Warns Consumers and Health Care Providers Not to Use Bismacine, Also Known as Chromacine,” press release, July 21, 2006.

152
Misbehavior of Lyme Literate doctors: Auwaerter, Bakken, Dattwyler, et al., “Antiscience and Ethical Concerns.”

153
Statement by IDSA against alternative Lyme therapies: G. P. Wormser, R. J. Dattwyler, E. D. Shapiro, et al., “The Clinical Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention
of Lyme Disease, Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis, and Babesiosis: Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America,”
Clinical Infectious Diseases
43 (2006): 1089–1134.

153
ILADS guidelines: D. Cameron, A. Gaito, N. Harris, et al., “ILADS Working Group: Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Managementof Lyme Disease,”
Expert Reviews of Anti-Infective Therapy
2 (2004): S1–S13.

153
Lyme activist groups recruit politicians: B. Patoine, “Guideline-Making Gets Tougher: Action by State Attorney General Over Lyme Disease Guidelines Stirs Debate,”
Annals of Neurology
65 (2009): A10–A15.

154
Blumenthal's support of Lyme activists: P. G. Auwaerter, J. S. Bakken and R. J. Dattwyler, “Scientific Evidence and Best Patient Care Practices Should Guide the Ethics of Lyme Disease Activism,”
Journal of Medical Ethics
37 (2011): 1–6.

154
Jones and stretch limo: D. Whelan, “Lyme Inc.,”
Forbes
, March 12, 2007, www.forbes.com/forbes/2007/0312/096_print.html.

154
Blumenthal sues IDSA: Office of the Attorney General, “Attorney General's Investigation Reveals Flawed Lyme Disease Guideline Process, IDSA Agrees to Reassess Guidelines, Install Independent Arbiter,” press release, May 1, 2008, www.policymed.com/2010/05/richard-blumenthals-lyme-deception.html.

155
AAN attorneys argue case: B. Patoine, “Guideline-Making Gets Tougher.”

155
Rulings by FTC and DOJ:
Schachar v. American Academy of Ophthalmology Inc.
870 F2d 397 (7th Circuit, 1989).

155
Blumenthal claims conflict of interest: Office of the Attorney General, “Attorney General's Investigation Reveals Flawed Lyme Disease Guideline Process.”

155
IDSA panel doesn't benefit from guidelines: “Richard Blumenthal's Lyme Deception,”
Policy and Medicine
, May 18, 2010, www.mdjunction.com/forums/lyme-disease-support-forums/lyme-disease-activism/1691814-richard-blumenthals-lyme-deception-51810.

155
ILADS and Lyme diagnostic test maker: J. D. Kraemer and L. O. Gostin, “Science, Politics, and Values: The Politicization of Professional Practice Guidelines,”
Journal of the American Medical Association
301 (2009): 665–67.

155
Conflict with intravenous infusion companies: Auwaerter, Bakken, and Dattwyler, “Scientific Evidence and Best Patient Care Practices.”

156
Chronic Lyme doctor and insurance company: Whelan, “Lyme Inc.”

156
IDSA litigation costs: J. D. Kraemer and L. O. Gostin, “Science, Politics, and Values: The Politicization of Professional Practice Guidelines,”
Journal of the American Medical Association
301 (2009): 665–67.

156
Anne Gershon quote: Anne Gershon, interviewed by the author, October 7, 2011.

156
Howard Brody: ”Richard Blumenthal's Lyme Deception.”

157
IDSA final report: P. M. Lantos, W. A. Charini, G. Medoff, et al., “Final Report of the Lyme Disease Review Panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America,”
Clinical Infectious Diseases
51 (2010): 1–5.

157
Blumenthal and 75 percent requirement: “Richard Blumenthal's Lyme Deception.”

157
Anger at $10,000 cutoff: Ibid.; B. Patoine, “Guideline-Making Gets Tougher.”

158
Carol Baker quotes: Carol Baker, interviewed by the author, September 26, 2011.

158
Blumenthal response to IDSA's final report: Attorney General Statement on IDSA Guidelines Review Panel Report, www.ct.gov/ag/cwp/view.asp?A=2341&Q=459296.

158
401(k) account story: P. Callahan and T. Tsouderos, “Chronic Lyme Disease: A Dubious Diagnosis,”
Chicago Tribune
, December 8, 2010.

158
Gostin and Kraemer regarding scientific process: J. D. Kraemer and L. O. Gostin, “Science, Politics, and Values: The Politicization of Professional Practice Guidelines,”
Journal of the American Medical Association
301 (2009): 665–67.

C
HAPTER 8:
C
URING
C
ANCER

163
Steve Jobs: P. Elkind, “The Trouble with Steve Jobs,”
Fortune
, March 5, 2008, http://money.cnn.com/2008/03/02/news/companies/elkind_jobs.fortune/index.htm?postversion=2008030510; S. Begley, “Jobs's Unorthodox Treatment,”
The Daily Beast
, October 5, 2011, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2011/10/05/steve-jobs-dies-his-unorthodox-treatment-for-neuroendocrine-cancer.html; S. Lohr, “Jobs Tried Exotic Treatments to Combat Cancer, Book Says,”
New York Times
, October 20, 2011; W. Isaacson,
Steve Jobs
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2011): 454.

164
Early American cancer cures: Anonymous,
Nostrums and Quackery: Articles on the Nostrum Evil and Quackery Reprinted, with Additions and Modifications, from the Journal of the American Medical Association
(Chicago: American Medical Association Press, 1912), 25–75; Young,
American Health Quackery
, 234; Barrett,
Consumer Health
, 370, 375.

164
Abrams and charlatan: Young,
American Health Quackery
, 189.

164
Albert Abrams story: Young,
American
Health Quackery
, 189; C. Jameson,
The Natural History of Quackery
(Springfield, Ill.: Charles C. Thomas, 1961), 210–12; P. Modde,
Chiropractic Malpractice
(Columbia, Md.: Henrow Press, 1985), 103; R. A. Lee,
The Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley
(Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 2002), xii–xiii; McCoy,
Quack!
, 72–83; Young,
Medical Messiahs
, 137–42; M. Fishbein,
Fads and Quackery in Healing: An Analysis of the Foibles of the Healing Cults, with Essays on Various Other Peculiar Notions in the Health Field
(New York: Blue Ribbon Books, 1932), 140–55; M. Fishbein,
The Medical Follies
(New York: Boni and Liveright, 1925), 99–118.

165
Robert Millikan quote: Ibid.

166
Scientific American
editor's quote: Young,
Medical Messiahs
, 140.

166
Glyoxylide: Young,
American Health Quackery
, 235; Barrett,
Health Schemes
, 5; Barrett and Jarvis,
Health Robbers
, 27, 93.

166
Harry Hoxsey: Young,
American Health Quackery
, 235; Johnston,
Politics of Healing
, 235–36; Barrett,
Consumer Health
, 370; Young,
Medical Messiahs
, 360–89; Juhne,
Quacks and Crusaders
, 64–91.

167
“'Dem that gets took” quote: Young,
Medical Messiahs
, 363.

168
Career of Andrew Ivy: M. I. Grossman, “Andrew Conway Ivy (1893–1978),”
Physiologist
21 (1978): 11–12; D. B. Dill, “A. C. Ivy—Reminiscences,”
Physiologist
22 (1979): 21–22; E. Shuster, “Fifty Years Later: The Significance of the Nuremberg Code,”
New England Journal of Medicine
337 (1997): 1436–40.

169
Moreno regarding Ivy: J. D. Moreno,
Undue Risk: Secret State Experiments on Humans
(New York: Routledge, 2001), 66.

169
Krebiozen: Barrett,
Consumer Health
, 370; J. F. Holland, “The Krebiozen Story,”
Quackwatch,
www.quackwatch.com/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/Cancer/krebiozen.html; S. Chertow, “Krebiozen,” The Chicago Literary Club, www.chilit.org/Papers%20by%20author/Chertow%20--%20Krebiozen.HTM; W. F. Janssen, “Cancer Quackery: Past and Present,” Cancer Treatment Watch, www.cancertreatmentwatch.org/q/janssen.shtml; P. S. Ward, “Who Will Bell the Cat? Andrew C. Ivy and Krebiozen,”
Bulletin of the History of Medicine
58 (1984): 28–52; A. C. Ivy,
Krebiozen: An Agent for the Treatment of Malignant Tumors
(Chicago: Champlin-Shealy Company, 1951).

170
Gerson diet: Barrett and Jarvis,
Health Robbers
, 87–88; Barrett,
Consumer Health
, 372; K. Butler,
A Consumer's Guide to “Alternative Medicine”: A Close
Look at Homeopathy, Acupuncture, Faith-Healing, and Other Unconventional Treatments
(Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 1992), 43; S. Barrett, “Questionable Cancer Therapies,”
Quackwatch,
www.quackwatch.com/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/cancer.html.

171
Shark cartilage: Barrett,
Consumer Health,
371–72; Barrett,
Vitamin Pushers
, 374–76; Hurley,
Natural Causes
, 201–204, 223; Shapiro,
Suckers
, 176–78; Wanjek,
Bad Medicine
, 103–107; Singh and Ernst,
Trick or Treatment
, 263–64; M. J. Coppes, R. A. Anderson, R. M. Egeler, and J. E. A. Wolff, “Alternative Therapies for the Treatment of Childhood Cancer,”
New England Journal of Medicine
339 (1998): 846–47.

C
HAPTER 9:
S
ICK
C
HILDREN,
D
ESPERATE
P
ARENTS

174
Billie Bainbridge: R. Smith, “Mum and Four-Year-Old Daughter Both Battling Cancer,”
Daily Mirror
, August 8, 2011; “‘A Lot of People Ask Me How I Cope, But You Just Kind of Deal With It—That's All You Can Do,'”
Exeter Express and Echo
, August 13, 2011; C. Axford and L. French, “Exeter Family Hit Twice by Cancer ‘Fights On' for Child,” BBC News, August 19, 2011; A. Radnedge, “Mother and Daughter, 4, in Fight to Battle Cancer,”
Metro
, August 21, 2011; “Billie Bainbridge Set to Fly to Take Part in Medical Trial,”
Exeter Express and Echo
, September 15, 2011; “Positive Start for Billie Bainbridge's America Treatment,”
Exeter Express and Echo
, September 29, 2011; “Brave Billie Starting Treatment in States,”
Exeter Express and Echo
, October 6, 2011; “Billie Fund Rises Toward Target,”
Exeter Express and Echo
, October 13, 2011; “Chiefs Added to Growing Support for Billie's Fund,”
Exeter Express and Echo
, October 20, 2011; “Raffle Prize Goes to Butterfly Fund,”
Exeter Express and Echo
, November 3, 2011; L. Bainbridge, “The Worst Year of My Life: Cancer Has My Family in Its Grip,”
The Observer
, November 19, 2011.

175
Burzynski's early research career: M. E. G. Smith, “The Burzynski Controversy in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Case Study in the Sociology of Alternative Medicine,”
The Canadian Journal of Sociology
17 (1992): 133–60.

176
Burzynski defines antineoplastons: S. R. Burzynski, “Antineoplastons: Biochemical Defense Against Cancer,”
Physiological Chemistry and Physics
8 (1976): 275–79.

177
Burzynski Research Institute: M. E. G. Smith, “The Burzynski Controversy in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Case Study in the Sociology of Alternative Medicine,”
The Canadian Journal of Sociology
17 (1992): 133–60.

177
Burzynski collects urine: G. Null, “The Suppression of Cancer Cures,”
Penthouse
, October 1979; “War on Cancer: Politics or Profit,”
20/20
, October 21, 1981.

177
Null article: Null, “The Suppression of Cancer Cures.”

178
Geraldo Rivera report: “War on Cancer: Politics or Profit,”
20/20
, October 21, 1981.

178
Patients cured by antineoplastons: T. Elias,
The Burzynski Breakthrough
(
Nevada City, Calif.: Lexikos, 2001); G. Phillips, “Interview with Dr. Burzynski,” December 5, 2003, www.cancerinform.org/aburzinterview.html.

179
Harry Smith interviews Burzynski's patients: D. Fehling, “Controversial Cancer Doc: Urine Treatment Works,” KENS 5-TV, www.kens5.com/archive/66499497.html.

180
Burzynski movie:
Burzynski: The Movie
, directed by Eric Merola (Merola Films, 2010).