Marcus Agrippa: Right-hand Man of Caesar Augustus (65 page)

70
. Cic.,
Philippicae
1.12–13, 2.110.

71
. Nic. 28.

72
. Nic. 30.

73
. Dio 45.7.2, 45.11.1–4.

74
. Dio 45.12.1; App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.49.

75
. Dio 45.13.1.

76
. Dio 45.13.2.

77
. Nic. 30.

78
. Vell. Pat. 2.88.2; Tac.,
Ann
. 6.11.1. See Ségolène (1992), pp. 86–87.

79
. Livy,
Per
. 117.3; Dio 45.12.2.

80
. Nic. 30.

81
. Dio 45.12.1.

82
. Dio 45.12.1–3; Nic. 30.

83
. Dio 45.12.3.

84
. Nic. 30.

85
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.93; Dio 45.12.3; Livy,
Per
. 117.4.

86
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.44; Nic. 30.

87
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.45; Dio 45.12.4.

88
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.44, 3.46; Dio 45.12.5.

89
. Dio 45.14.1; Nic. 28.

90
. Dio 45.14.1; Nic. 28; App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.49, 3.97.

91
. Dio 45.14.3.

92
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.61.

93
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.45.

94
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.46, 3.49; Florus 2.15; Livy,
Per
. 117.4.

95
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.49.

96
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.50.

97
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.47

98
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.48.

99
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.47.

100
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.51, 3.64; Livy,
Per
. 118.2.

101
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.61.

102
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.64; cf. 3.75.

103
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.65.

104
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.65.

105
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.66.

106
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.68.

107
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.69.

108
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.70.

109
. Cic.,
Ad Fam
. 10.30, letter dated 20 April 43 BCE.

110
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.65.

111
. Nic. 28.

112
.
Ad Lucan
, 1.41: ‘
Mutina … Augustus Antonio victo per Agrippam
(
Decimum
)
Brutum liberavit
’ cited by Roddaz (1984), p. 41; cf. Livy,
Per
. 119.6.

113
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.71.

114
. Livy,
Per
. 119.5.

115
. Cic.,
Ad Fam
. 11.14;
Ad Brutum
4.

116
. Livy,
Per
. 119.6; Cic.,
Ad Fam
. 11.10 – May 5.

117
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.72, 3.97.

118
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.74.

119
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.75.

120
. Cic.,
Ad Fam
. 11.10.

121
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.80.

122
. Livy,
Per
. 119.6.

123
. Cic.,
Ad Fam
. 11.20: ‘
laudandum, adulescentem, ornandum, tollendum
’.

124
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.96.

125
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.81.

126
. Livy,
Per
. 119.7.

127
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.82.

128
. Suet.,
Div. Aug
. 26.1: ‘
Hic faciet, si vos non feceritis
’; Dio 46.43.4: ‘
ἂν ὑμεῖς τὴν ὑπατείαν μὴ δῶτε τῷ Καίσαρι, τοῦτο δώσει
’.

129
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.94; Dio 46.45.3, 46.44.2; Livy,
Per
. 119.7. Iulius Caesar was 43 when he first assumed the consulship in 60 BCE.

130
. Dio 46.45.5, 46.47.1.

131
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.94.

132
. Dio 46.47.1.

133
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.94; Dio 46.46.1; Vell. Pat. 2.65; Suet.,
Div. Aug
. 32.

134
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.94.

135
.
RG
2; Suet.,
Div. Aug
. 10.1,
Ner
. 3.2; Livy,
Per
. 120; App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.95, 3.27; Dio 46.48–49.

136
. Plut.,
Brut
. 27; cf. Vell. Pat. 2.69.5.

137
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.1.

138
. Dio 46.49.3. If Agrippa had indeed been born plebeian, it may have been at this time and through this process that he achieved the property qualification to officially become a member of the
ordo equester
. See Reinhold (1933), p. 21 n. 2.

139
. Servius,
Ad. Aen
. 8.682: ‘
… nam et tribunus plebi quietissimus fuit
…’.

140
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.1.

141
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.96.

142
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 3.98; cf. Vell. Pat. 2.64; Livy,
Per
. 120.2.

143
. App.,
Bell. Civ
.3.98.

144
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.2.

145
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.3.

146
. Plut.,
Ant
. 19.1; cf. the later division 30.4; App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.53.

147
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.3 lists among them Capua, Rhegium, Venusia, Beneventum, Nuceria, Ariminum, and Vibo.

148
. Cf. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.8 ‘Marcus Lepidus, Marcus Antonius and Octavius Caesar, chosen by the people to set in order and regulate the
res publica
’. Some historians suggest the day the act was passed marked the end of the Roman Republic.

149
. Our sources tell us lamentably little on the subject. Appian’s statement that the triumvirs had powers equal to the consuls (
Bell. Civ
. 4.7) probably justifies us in concluding that under the
Lex Titia
they held
imperium consulare
, as did proconsuls until the imperial period. A recently discovered inscription probably shows that they were regarded as promagistrates rather than magistrates (J. Reynolds,
Aphrodisias and Rome
(London, 1982), no. 9, line 12; cf. no. 8, line 80. However, we have no means of knowing how and to what extent their powers were spelled out in detail under the
Lex Titia
.’ –
The Second Triumvirate Zwischen Republik und Prinzipat: zum Charakter des Zweiten Triumvirats
by Jochen Bleicken Review by J.W. Rich
The Classical Review
, New Series, Vol. 42, No. 1 (1992), pp. 112–114).

150
. Plut.,
Ant
. 20.1.

151
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.1, 4.3.

152
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.5.

153
. Plut.,
Ant
. 19.1–3; App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.12.

154
. Plut.,
Ant
. 19.3, 20.1; App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.5; Livy,
Per
. 120.4 says 130 senators were listed.

155
. Plut.,
Cic
. 48.1, 48.6; App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.6; 4.19 reports Cicero’s brother Quintus and son Marcus were also proscribed.

156
. Plut.,
Cic
. 48.2–3; Livy,
Per
. 120.5 describes Popilius as a legionary soldier.

157
. Plut.,
Cic
. 48.6. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.20. Livy,
Per
. 120.5 says Popilius slew him.

158
. Plut.,
Cic
. 49.2; App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.20; Dio 47.8.3. Livy,
Per
. 120.5 says his head and right hand were displayed on the
Rostra
.

159
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.6.

160
. Dio 47.3.4.

161
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.5; Vell. Pat. 2.66; Suet.,
Div. Aug
. 27; Livy,
Per
. 120.4.

162
. Dio 47.3.1–3.

163
. Dio 47.4–6.

164
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.49.

165
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.31.

166
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.31; Dio 47.17.2–3.

167
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.32.

168
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.34.

169
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.34; Dio 47.16.2–5.

170
. Dio 47.16.1.

171
. Dio 47.19.1.

172
. Dio 47.19.2.

173
. Dio 47.20.1.

174
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.52.

175
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.36. Among them was M. Acilius – App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.39.

176
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.82.

177
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.85.

178
. Dio 47.21.2.

179
. Dio 47.21.6.

180
. Dio 47.21.7, 47.23.1–4. Holed up in Apollonia, C. Antonius became the subject of several rescue attempts.

181
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.58–59; Dio 47.26.2, 47.28.1.

182
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.58–62, 4.65; Dio 47.32.1; Livy,
Per
. 122.1.

183
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.64, 4.74.

184
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.63, 4.74.

185
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.63; Dio 47.33.4.

186
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.65–74; Dio 47.33.3.

187
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.75–81; Dio 47.34.1–6; Plut.,
Brut
. 30, 31.

188
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.88.

189
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.87: his brother Rhascus (Rhaskos) fought on the side of M. Antonius.

190
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.105–106.

191
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.107.

192
. Dio 47.37.2.

193
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.108; Plut.,
Brut
. 41.2, 41.8.

194
. Pliny,
Nat. Hist
. 7.148: ‘
Philippensi proelio morbi, fuga et triduo in palude aegroti et
(
ut fatentur Agrippa ac Maecenas
)
aqua subter cutem fusa turgidi latebra
.’

195
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.108: 13,000 to 20,000, with Thracians on both sides.

196
. Dio 47.37.5.

197
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.109.

198
. Plut.,
Brut
. 41.1.

199
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.110–111.

200
. Dio 47.37.3, 47.46.2; Plut.,
Brut
. 41.4–8, 42.6.

201
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.112; Plut.,
Brut
. 42.4–5.

202
. Plut.,
Brut
. 42.1.

203
. Plut.,
Brut
. 42.5, 43.1–3.

204
. Plut.,
Brut
. 42.4–5.

205
. Plut.,
Brut
. 42.7–9.

206
. Plut.,
Brut
. 44, 45.

207
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.112; Plut.,
Brut
. 45.1.

208
. Plut.,
Brut
. 47.1–3.

209
. Plut.,
Brut
. 47.4–6; App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.122.

210
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.126–127.

211
. Plut.,
Brut
. 49.4; App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.128: Appian cites preparations lasted until the ninth hour.

212
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.129.

213
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.129; Plut.,
Brut
. 50–51.

214
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.131; Plut.,
Brut
. 52.6–7; Dio 47.49.1.

215
. App.,
Bell. Civ
. 4.135; Plut.,
Brut
. 53.1–4. Strato took part at Actium on Caesar’s side. Dio 47.49.2 reports that the body was buried but the head was shipped to Rome. During a storm at sea the head was lost overboard.

216
. Suet.,
Vita Horati
. See Mario Citroni, ‘The Memory of Philippi in Horace and the Interpretation of Epistle 1.20.23’,
The Classical Journal
96.1 (Oct.–Nov., 2000), pp. 27–56; E.G. Sihler, ‘Horace at Philippi and After’,
The Classical Weekly
4.19 (11 Mar. 1911), pp. 146–148.