Margaret Thatcher: Power and Personality (112 page)

     appearance and character
11–12
,
14–16
,
20
,
24
,
195

     as Chairman of Board of Governors of KGGS (1943–69)
36
,
38

     children’s upbringing
10
,
17–18
,
21

     as community leader
23–4
,
28–9
,
32

     Conservative beliefs
23–4
,
60

     death (February 1970)
122–3

     education of MT, role in
31
,
33–4
,
37
,
42

     grocery shops
9–11
,
14

     as inspiration for MT
11
,
19–24

     internationalist outlook
27–8
,
32

     marriage to Beatrice Stephenson (1917)
12

     Methodist faith
21–4
,
28
,
680

     relations with his daughter Muriel
68–9
,
96

Roberts, Beatrice, ‘Beatie’ (
née
Stephenson)
12–13
,
15
,
21–2
,
104

     relations with MT
9
,
12–13
,
26
,
104

Rome European Council meeting (October 1990)
605–6
,
610

Royal Air Force (RAF)
29–31
,
426

Royal Navy, and Falklands War
325
,
346

     Task Force
327
,
331
,
334
,
340
,
344
,
348
,
358
,
370

Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF)
427
,
429
,
431

Ryder, Richard (
later
Baron Ryder of Wensum)
182
,
233
,
240
,
242
,
261
,
555
,
590
,
636

Saatchi and Saatchi
214
,
388
,
527
,
537

     ‘Labour isn’t working’ (advertising campaign)
215–16

Sacks, Jonathan (Chief Rabbi and
later
Baron Sacks)
102–3

Saïd, Wafic
427–8
,
437
,
658

St Francis of Assisi (prayer)
244–8
,
415

St Paul’s Cathedral,
1
,
112
,
373
,
420
,
690

Saudi Arabia
426–38

     Denis secure back channel
429–31

     export deal with King Fahd (
Al Yamamah
, 1985)
426–7
,
430
,
432–8

     exports of military aircraft to, in competition with France
427–9

     and Kuwait invasion (1990)
599

     motivations of MT regarding
435–6

     Tornado nuclear issue
432
,
433–4

Scargill, Arthur
442–8
,
451
,
454–5
,
457
,
483
,
524

     as NUM President
445
,
447

     
see also
miners’ strike (1984–85); trade unions

Schmidt, Helmut
220
,
292–4
,
298

Scholar, (Sir) Michael
315
,
319
,
379

school milk
131–4

     reputation of MT as ‘Milk Snatcher Thatcher’
19
,
130–2
,
134
,
153

Scotland, devolution issue
199
,
203
,
223

Scotney Castle, MT’s country flat in
213
,
215
,
220

second term in office (1983–87)
390–520

     cabinet
447
,
500–18

     ‘elective dictatorship,’ MT’s leadership style as
370
,
502

     foreign policy

          helping to heal the rift between United States and Soviet Union
474–99

          Hong Kong, future of
420–4

          Saudi Arabia
426–38

          ‘special relationship’ with United States, strengthening
460–73

     National Health Service (NHS)
402
,
523

     Cecil Parkinson, relationship with
390
,
391

     problems

          early glitches
395–8

          Heseltine, clashes with
505–16

          severe
398–401

          Speakership of House of Commons, misjudgement
391–3
,
395

          ‘TBW (that bloody woman) factor’
519

          tensions with ministers
500–5

          terrorism in Northern Ireland
407–15

          Westland
see
Westland crisis (1986)

     trade unions, policy towards
439–59

     
see also
under
Thatcher, Margaret Hilda (Baroness)

Second World War

     effect on MT
29–30
,
593–4

     Grantham in
27–31
,
296
,
460–1

     and male supremacy in Conservative Party
88

security matters, interest of MT in
272–5
,
518

Selective Employment Tax (SET)
113–15

Seymour, Julian
657
,
670–1
,
685
,
687
,
689

Sheffield
, HMS, sinking of (May 1982)
349–51
,
354
,
363

Shelton, (Sir) William
167
,
177
,
590

Shepherd, Sir Richard
518
,
557
,
662–3
,
671–2

Sherbourne, (Sir) Stephen
53
,
103
,
449
,
451

Sherman, (Sir) Alfred
103
,
152
,
183
,
271

Shultz, George P.
466

Sidewinder missiles, Falklands War
339–40
,
361

Single European Act (SEA)
557–60

     Article
20
559

Smith, Ian
253
,
288
,
290

Soames, Christopher (Baron)
162
,
249–50
,
254
,
269
,
274
,
314
,
317

     in Salisbury
290–1

     as Wet
301
,
317

soft-centre campaigning (1979)
233–7

Somerville College, Oxford
36
,
38
,
40–1
,
44

South Georgia landing and recapture
325
,
346–7

Soviet Union (USSR)

     bridge building between Moscow and Washington
485–8

     collapse of
669
,
671

     
Glasnost
(openness) policy
493
,
496

     Gorbachev, Chequers’ overture to (1984)
8
,
480–5

     views of MT on engaging with
201–3
,
285
,
475
,
478

     visits to Moscow,
120
,
286
,
478
,
493–7

     warheads
383

     
see also
Gorbachev, Mikhail

Speakership of House of Commons, misjudgement
391–3
,
395

Special Air Service (SAS)
257
,
347
,
408–9

Spicer, Sir Michael
86
,
185
,
385

Spycatcher
(Wright)
273
,
274–5

Steel, David (
later
Baron Steel of Aikwood)
201
,
217
,
226
,
384
,
472

Stephens, Caroline (
later
Lady Ryder of Wensum)
182–3
,
218
,
240
,
242
,
245
,
261
,
315
,
474
,
636

Stepping Stones
(1977)
204
,
304
,
440–2

Stevas, Norman St John (
later
Baron St John of Fawsley)
126
,
130
,
132
,
141
,
212
,
249
,
301
,
305
,
471

     and MT’s handling of cabinet
254–5

     sacking of (1981)
306–7

Stewart, Donald James
226
,
323–4

Stowe, (Sir) Kenneth
231–2
,
248
,
262
,
270
,
272

     NHS reform
379–80

     as Permanent Secretary of Northern Ireland Department
256–7
,
416

Strategic Defence Initiative (SDI)
484
,
486–7
,
506

     ‘Star Wars’ technology
484
,
487–9
,
492
,
562

     US–UK tensions
488–93

succession to MT
563–4
,
582–3

Suez Crisis (1956)
84
,
328
,
334–5

Sumner, Donald
77–8
,
85

Sun
115
,
131
,
220
,
235
,
244
,
247
,
276
,
555

Sunday Times
120
,
142–3
,
276–7
,
492
,
506

Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de
16
,
124
,
339

Tapsell, Sir Peter
165
,
311
,
323

taxation
120

     Budget of 1988 as ‘boom or bust’
546–50

     Capital Transfer Tax, proposals for
170–1

     cutting of income tax
250
,
523
,
546

     goal of 20 per cent income tax band
547

     Selective Employment Tax
113–15

     Value Added Tax (VAT)
251–2
,
403

Taylor, (Sir) Edward ‘Teddy’
139
,
171–2
,
203
,
557
,
635
,
661

     on European integration
557–8
,
605
,
660

     loss of seat in 1979 election
245–6

Tebbit, Margaret: paralysis in Brighton bombing
414
,
530
,
613

Tebbit, Norman (
later
Baron Tebbit of Chingford)
219
,
318
,
441
,
453
,
456
,
472
,
501
,
503
,
530
,
633
,
634

     and Brighton bomb
413–14
,
501

     on economy
376–7
,
398
,
404

     and election campaign of 1987
524–8

     Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM)
540–1

     and leadership contest of 1975
172
,
177

     relations with Lord Young
525
,
527
,
530
,
537

     relations with MT
396
,
503
,
521
,
524–6

     relations with Waldegrave
503–4

terrorism
407–25
,
468

     Brighton bomb (1984)
53
,
410–15
,
453

     by IRA
272
,
407
,
409–10
,
425

     Libyan, in Europe
470
,
472

          
see also
Libya bombing (1986)

Thanet East (Parliamentary constituency)
145
,
177
,
186
,
195
,
237
,
527

Thatcher, Carol
68
,
74
,
187

     Aitken (Jonathan), relationship with
4–6
,
186–9
,
669
,
684

     on Falklands War
360–1

     memories of mother

          as Education Secretary
133

          election campaign of 1987
524

          as Leader of the Opposition
178

          leadership contest of 1990
630

          as “superwoman”
75

     relations with mother
105–6

     upbringing
75
,
86

Thatcher, Margaret Hilda (Baroness)

     achievements
1
,
3
,
651
,
690–1

     background, childhood and education

          academic/intellectual ability
18
,
29
,
32–3
,
42–3
,
183–4

          birthplace
9–11

          chemistry studies
40–3

          father, relations with
11
,
19–24

              
see also
Roberts, Alfred

          frugality of childhood
9–10
,
15–17
,
25
,
187

          Huntingtower Road Council School
17–19

          Indian Civil Service, desire of MT to join
35–6