Marlborough (92 page)

criticises Almanza campaign, 209

succeeds Blathwayt as secretary at war, 258

and Marlborough’s 1705 campaign, 312

and Cardonnel’s report in
London Gazette
, 325

in Anne’s all-party government, 353

as lord keeper, 444

and Marlborough’s powers of promotion, 447

on Sarah’s dismissal by Anne, 450

negotiates Peace of Utrecht, 458, 462

viscountcy, 458

on Marlborough’s departure for continent, 463

and James Francis Edward Stuart’s claims to succession, 468

heads government in succession to Oxford, 469

and Marlborough’s return from continent, 469

George I dismisses, 470

praises Marlborough, 482

Letters on the Study of History
, 482

Bonn:

siege and capture (1703), 241–2, 249

Bordet, Colonel du, 272, 274

Boscawen, Jael, 104

Boser Couter, 386, 388

Bossu gap, 422–3

Bostaquet, Captain Isaac Dupont de, 147, 167, 198

Bothmar, Major General Hans Kaspar, Baron von, 295, 297, 373, 375, 448, 450, 469–70

Bouchain, 453, 457

Boufflers, Marshal Louis François, duc de:

travels incognito, 216

in Spanish Netherlands in 1703 campaign, 224–7, 229–30

qualities, 230, 395

defends Lines of Brabant, 242, 244, 246

and siege of Lille, 395, 399

surrenders Lille, 402–4

falls ill, 412

joins Villars, 421

in battle of Malplaquet, 423–4, 430–2

on wounded at Malplaquet, 433

Bourbon dynasty, 459

Bourlon Wood, near Cambrai, 456

Bowshire, Flurry, 32

Boyle, Henry, Baron Carleton, 373, 379, 394–6, 398

Boyle, Robert, 14

Boyne, battle of the (1690), 16, 93, 157, 168

Brabant:

cost of war in, 329

French collapse in, 348–50

in Marlborough’s 1708 strategy, 371

Brabant, Lines of, 240, 242–3, 246–8, 312–16, 326

demolished, 323–4

Brandenburg, Elector of
see
Frederick I, King of Prussia

Breda, Declaration of (1660), 44–5

Brenner Pass, 250

Brest:

failed attack on (1694), 182–4

Breusch, river, 80

Bridgewater, Elizabeth, Countess of (
née
Churchill; Marlborough’s daughter):

birth, 102

marriage, 234

birth of son, 253

death from smallpox, 468, 471

Bridgewater, Scrope Egerton, 4th Earl of, 234

Bridgwater, Somerset, 120–1, 123, 125

Bridport, Dorset, 112–13

Brihuega, Spain, 209, 303, 357

Bringfield, Colonel James, 222, 343

Brinvilliers, Marie Madeleine Gobelin, marquise de, 66–7

Bristol:

in Monmouth rebellion, 116–18, 120

Bruce, Charles, Baron, 31–2

Bruges, 89, 349, 372, 375–8, 393, 397, 399, 402, 404, 406–7

Brussels, 348, 371, 373, 375, 394–5, 402–3

Brydges, James, 439

Buckingham, George Villiers, 2nd Duke of, 63–4

The Battle of Sedgemoor
, 127

Buckingham, John Sheffield, 1st Duke of (
earlier
3rd Earl of Mulgrave and Marquess of Normanby):

requests marquessate of James II, 26

relations with Princess Anne, 103

on desertions from James II, 155

dukedom, 238

builds Buckingham House (later Palace), 239

Marlborough warns Godolphin of, 280

gives up Privy Seal post, 298, 304

Sarah’s opposition to, 298

Buhl, 250

Bulkeley, Henry, 165

Bulow, General Kuno Josua von, 374, 385

Burgundy, Louis of France, Duke of:

campaign in Flanders (1708), 216, 369, 371, 378–9

relations with Vendôme, 370, 378, 390

and battle of Oudenarde, 382–3, 385–6, 389–90

Louis XIV instructs, 393–4

fails, 412

death, 462

Burnet, Gilbert, Bishop of Salisbury:

collaboration with Sarah Marlborough, 7

on death of Elizabeth Gaunt, 18

on Charles II’s standing army, 49

on Charles II’s storytelling, 57

on legitimising Monmouth, 77

on judicial torture, 94

drafts memoir for Sarah on James II, 96

on loss of
Gloucester
, 97

on Marlborough’s mission to Louis XIV, 109

on French persecution of Protestants, 130

on conspiracies against James II, 136

on Duke of Berwick, 148

on Mackay, 172

and William’s view of Marlborough, 174

attitude to Marlborough, 190

in Duke of Gloucester’s court, 190

informs Anne of succession to throne, 194

History of His Own Times
, 148, 175–6, 190, 449

Burton, Ivor, 31, 423, 461

Butler, Iris:

Rule of Three
, 237

Buys, Willem, Pensioner of Amsterdam, 324

Byng, Admiral George (
later
Viscount Torrington), 137, 215

Byng, John, 15

cabal, 52, 78

Cadogan, Bridget (
née
Waller), 210

Cadogan, Charles, 2nd Baron, 30

Cadogan, Henry, 210

Cadogan, Margaretta, Countess (
née
Munter), 212

Cadogan, General William, 1st Earl:

papers, 6–7, 212

Toryism, 36

background and career, 210–12

as Marlborough’s quartermaster-general, 210–11, 213–14, 217, 220, 368, 391

peerages and titles, 211–12, 310

develops Marlborough’s operational plans, 214

as intelligence chief, 214–16, 260, 283

and enemy strength, 216–17

commands cavalry of advance guard, 217, 225

correspondence with Marlborough, 218

on command in 1704 campaign, 254

escapes from Dunkirk privateer, 254

draws up strategic plans, 256

on Overkirk’s support for Marlborough, 259

at the Schellenberg, 271

at battle of Blenheim, 291

on campaign of 1705, 309, 317

as Constable of Tower, 327

at battle of Ramillies, 333–5, 444

on Dutch administration of liberated Spanish Netherlands, 361

captured at siege of Tournai and exchanged, 367–8

succeeds Stepney as envoy to Southern Netherlands,
368

Marlborough sends to Flanders to counter French landing in Scotland, 369

and Flanders campaign (1708), 373, 375–6, 380

at battle of Oudenarde, 379–84, 385–6

attends council of war with Marlborough, 391

supervises battering train in Flanders, 394

sends instructions to Earle, 398

escorts Earle, 399

relieves Webb, 400

on wretched condition of French deserters, 411

and casualties at Malplaquet, 434

wounded in neck at Mons, 434–5

avarice, 438, 440

gambling, 439

money management, 439–40

goes to relieve Arleux, 454

and Marlborough’s 1711 attack on Villars, 455–6

presents papers to commissioners of public accounts, 460

accompanies Marlborough on 1712 trip to continent, 464

as envoy in The Hague, 464

Marlborough transfers money to, 464

supports succession of George I, 467

returns to favour and positions with Marlborough, 470–1

at Marlborough’s funeral, 475

Calais, 451

Calcinato, battle of (1706), 347

Calvert, Charlotte, 62

Calvo, Count, 71

Camaret Bay letter (1694), 183–5, 188

Campbell, James, 30, 431

Campbell, Colonel John, 29–30

Campden House, Kensington, 163

Canche, river, 453

cannon (artillery):

deployment, 286, 316, 478

Cape Breton Island, 459

Cape St Vincent:

Anglo-Dutch convoy ambushed by French (1693), 182

Cardonnel, Adam de:

papers, 6, 219

on Dutch army, 200

as Marlborough’s private secretary, 218–20

as MP, 219

on campaign, 220

on death of Marlborough’s son, 236

on French defensive measures at Namur, 259

intelligence service, 260–1

on Marlborough at Blenheim, 293

on French prisoners after Blenheim, 296

pessimism over 1705 campaign, 310

drafts report for
London Gazette
on Marlborough’s frustration at Lines of Brabant, 324–5

and Marlborough’s Flanders campign (1708), 377

report on Webb’s Wynendaele battle, 400

dismissed (1710), 445

paid by Medina, 460, 463

expelled from Commons, 463

Carleton, Baron
see
Boyle, Henry

Carleton, George, 71–3

Carlisle, Anne, Countess of (
née
Capel), 327

Carlowitz, Peace of (1699), 250

Carnarvon, Charles Dormer, 2nd Earl of, 27

Carrickfergus, 167–8

Casale, 90

Castle Howard, Yorkshire, 301

Castlemaine, Countess of
see
Cleveland, Duchess of

Castlemaine, Roger Palmer, Earl of, 58, 60, 65

Catherine of Braganza, Queen of Charles II, 49, 51, 62

Catherine
(yacht), 97

Catholics:

under James II, 78, 128–9, 131–2

in army, 132–4, 140

see also
Jacobites

Catinat, Marshal Nicholas de, 224

Chamillart, Michel de, 260–1, 282, 287, 292, 368, 396, 412

Chanclos, Brigadier Urbain de, 376–9

Chandler, David:

on siege warfare, 70

on Donauwörth, 276

on Marlborough’s depression at reverses in Flanders, 372

on Malplaquet, 428

Marlborough as a Military Commander
, 6

Chard, Somerset, 113–15

Charleroi, 378, 454

Charles I, King of Great Britain and Ireland:

height, 13

execution, 14, 17, 39

Charles II, King of Great Britain and Ireland:

fashion, 13

mistresses, 13, 57, 62

and succession to throne, 16, 91

grants favours, 24–6

ennoblements, 27

Whigs support, 35

popular appeal, 37

restoration (1660), 44–5

army, 48–50, 53–4, 78

marriage to Catherine of Braganza, 49, 51

sells Dunkirk to France, 48

Catholic sympathies, 51

pro-French policy, 51

and alliance with Dutch against France, 52–3

life in London, 55–7

dogs, 56–7

affair and children with Barbara Cleveland, 57–8, 62, 64

and French war with Dutch, 67–8, 77

disfavours Marlborough, 69–70

asks Parliament for money for Dutch War, 77

disparages Monmouth, 77

Marlborough returns to favour after Maastricht, 77

dissolves Parliament, 91

and Popish Plot, 91

assassination attempts on, 92

seeks financial help from Louis XIV, 92

Marlborough plays tennis with, 100

declines Marlborough as Secretary of State, 102