"Non-Germans" Under the Third Reich (211 page)

23.
Kundt, “Entstehung, Probleme, Grundsätze und Form der Verwaltung des GG.”

24.
Speech on December 15, 1940, in Kraków (“Diensttagebuch 1940,” 3:1141 ff.; BA R 52 II/247).

25.
Speech on August 3, 1943 (“Diensttagebuch,” 3:703 ff.; 707 f.;
Dokumente der deutschen Politik
[Berlin, 1943], 597 ff., 598). See also recommendation of Rosenberg’s office, confidential memo 36/481 of the Party Chancellery, May 19, 1942 (
Verfügungen
, 1:214 f.), according to which the General Government should no longer be referred to in official parlance as “belonging to the East” but as “a country adjoining the German Reich whose sovereignty was already established.” Also see Dr. F. Siebert’s report on the establishment and status of the General Government, April 14, 1959 (BA Ostdok. 13 GGI a/9). Greetings telegram sent by Hitler on the second anniversary of the founding of the General Government on October 26, 1941 (quoted from Weh,
Übersicht über das Recht des Generalgouvernements
[1943], A 120 n. 2).

26.
Frank, “Der Aufbau der Verwaltung im GG” (1940). Report by Dr. Siebert, April 14, 1959 (BA Ostdok. 13 GG I a/9). Speech by Frank on August 3, 1943 (
Dokumente der deutschen Politik
[1943], 597 ff., 598). Klein, “Zur Stellung des Generalgouvernements,” 255 (“the National Socialist idea of the state is an unprecedented, sovereign, independent, autonomous entity that is secular and in full accordance with the fundamentally
völkisch
spirit,” a “legislative and organizational creation of the first order,” comparable with the concept of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia), with reference to Klein’s essay, “Die staats- und völkerrechtliche Stellung des Protektorats Böhmen und Mähren” (1940), 258; in this sense see also Frank, “Der Aufbau der Verwaltung im GG,” 97.

27.
Pungs, Buchholz, and Wolany,
OstrechtspflegeVO
(1943), 3; OLG (State Superior Court) Posen (Pozna
),
DR
(1942): 858; KG (Prussian Supreme Court) Berlin,
DR
(1941): 2199; OLG Danzig (Gda
sk), March 26, 1941, III W 48/41, quoted from Pungs, Buchholz, and Wolany,
OstrechtspflegeVO
, 3. Partly different: OLG Danzig,
DR
(1941): 395, which did not follow the line that the GG was automatically part of the Reich.

28.
Klein, “Die staats- und völkerrechtliche Stellung des Protektorats Böhmen und Mähren,” 255 ff.; in this sense see also Weh, “Das Recht des GG” (1940).

29.
See note 15 above.

30.
Klein, “Zur Stellung des Generalgouvernements,” 259 n. 126 (the difference was, according to him, not of a quantitative but a qualitative nature; compared with the concept of “Gebiet” [area], “Raum” [space] was an
Aliud
, an “expression of imperial vision”).

31.
Speech by H. Frank on October 26, 1940, at the official ceremony to mark the anniversary of the General Government,
Warschauer Zeitung
, October 27 and 28, 1940.

32.
Klein, “Zur Stellung des Generalgouvernements,” 265.

33.
For a detailed account, see Best, “Grundfragen einer deutschen Großraumverwaltung” (1941); and the essays of Stuckart, Höhn, and Diener cited in note 15; regarding the Monroe Doctrine, cf. Scheuner, “Die Machtstellung der Vereinigten Staaten in Zentralamerika” (1940), 309 ff.

34.
Frank, “Der Aufbau der Verwaltung im GG,” 99. A “land of the future” is from the big Party rally on October 5, 1940, in Warsaw (
Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung
, October 7, 1940).

35.
Klein, “Zur Stellung des Generalgouvernements,” 262.

36.
Best, “Grundfragen einer deutschen Großraumverwaltung.”

37.
State Secretary Ganzenmüller from the Reich Ministry of Traffic, November 25, 1942, “Diensttagebuch,” 3:465 ff.

38.
Decree of February 19, 1942 (
DJ
[1942]: 214).

39.
Instruction on exchange of judicial assistance with foreign countries, May 10 and August 1, 1940, was implemented through diplomatic channels with the involvement of the Reich Ministry of Justice and the Foreign Ministry (instruction of September 7, 1940; all instructions in Weh,
Übersicht über das Recht des Generalgouvernements
, C 180, 184, 190; II-665 a).

40.
Sec. 27 of the Decree on German Jurisdiction in the General Government of February 19, 1940 (
VBl. GG
1 [1940]: 57).

41.
It had no budget of its own; the funding requirements were authorized by the Reich. The department staffing schedules were issued by the relevant Reich department. The civil servants and staff in the General Government were transferred or detailed by the Reich authorities; the governor general’s right of appointment was confined to the lower, clerical ancillary and clerical grades and excluded executive grades (Führer Decree on the Appointment and Termination of Service of Civil Servants in the General Government, May 20, 1942,
RGBl
. I 341).

42.
Krakauer Zeitung
, January 1, 1943.

43.
Frank at the meeting of department heads held on July 12, 1940 (“Diensttagebuch 1940”).

44.
Renaming of the Generalgouvernement für die besetzten polnischen Gebiete (General Government for the occupied Polish territories) to Generalgouvernement, Führer decree of July 8, 1940, and decree of the governor general of July 31, 1940 (Weh,
Übersicht über das Recht des Generalgouvernements
[1943], 102). The postal administration of the General Government issued 1941 stamps with the legend
Deutsches Reich—Generalgouvernement (Krakauer Zeitung
, September 6, 1941).

45.
Instruction issued by Frank during a discussion with Press Secretary Gassner on December 17, 1940; instead it should be referred to as
östlicher Machtbereich Deutschland
(Germany’s Eastern sphere of influence) or
östliches Vorfeld
(Eastern glacis) (“Diensttagebuch 1940,” 1144).

46.
H. Frank at the working meeting of September 20, 1940 (“Diensttagebuch 1940,” 2:130), and the conference of department heads April 12, 1940 (“Diensttagebuch,” 1:134 ff., 136); for more details, see
Die nationalsozialistische Gemeinde
(1940), 97.

47.
Letter from Reich Ministry of the Interior (signed by State Secretary Hans Stuckart) to RMuChdRkzlei, February 13, 1941 (BA R 43 II/423). The Führer’s understanding of “Eastern Territories” encompasses the Annexed Eastern Territories, all Reich territories east of the Oder, and the General Government. See also minutes of a conference of department heads, July 12, 1940, in Kraków, at which, among other things, Frank declared: “The Führer says the new designation (for the General Government) should express the fact that the General Government is and will remain an essential component of the German Reich and …” (“Diensttagebuch 1940,” 2:80).

48.
Discussion in the Führer HQ on July 16, 1941, with Lammers, Rosenberg, Keitel, and Göring (Nuremberg doc., L-221).

49.
Decree issued by the Reich Ministry of the Interior on February 19, 1942, concerning administrative assistance for the authorities of the General Government and the Reich (
DJ
[1942]: 214).

50.
Freisler, “Grundsätzliches zur Ministerratsverordnung über das Stafrecht gegen Polen und Juden,” 2631. Klein, “Zur Stellung des Generalgouvernements,” 257. H. P. Ipsen, “Reichsaußenverwaltung,”
Monatshefte für Auswärtige Politik
10 (1943): 521.

51.
For example, in the Eleventh Decree to the Reich Citizenship Law of November 25, 1941 (
RGBl
. I 722), which governed the loss of citizenship and forfeiture of assets of Jews moving abroad, the General Government was classified as a foreign country (decree of Reich Ministry of the Interior, December 12, 1941,
MinbliV
[1970]); Lichter,
Das Staatsangehörigkeitsrecht
(1943), 147 ff. n. 4. However, the General Government was classified as home territory in the case of “alien” criminals who had committed crimes outside the boundaries of the Reich, which were to be punished under German law; cf. verdict of the People’s Court, June 25, 1940 (
DJ
[1940]: 1062); see also Lämmle, “Ausder Rechtsprechung des Volksgerichtshofs” (1944), 507.

52.
A letter dated June 25, 1940, said, among other things: “In the near future it will be necessary to issue a Führer decree that will effect absorption of the General Government into the German Reich, while preserving its entire legal structure” (Nuremberg doc., NG-1227). Discussion between Frank and Reich Ministry of the Interior State Secretary Stuckart on October 13, 1941, in Berlin (“Diensttagebuch,” October 13, 1941).

53.
At a meeting of political leaders from the NSDAP’s General Government working party on December 14, 1942, Frank further declared (“Diensttagebuch,” 1310 ff.) that the Reich administrative apparatus “is unhappy about the fact that the thousands upon thousands of regulations, ordinances, and decrees it enacts are not automatically applied in the General Government.”

54.
Discussion between Frank and State Secretary Bühler on August 27, 1942 (“Diensttagebuch,” 3:416 f.).

55.
Notes taken by Frank on the development of the last quarter year, August 29–31, 1941 (“Diensttagebuch 1942,” 3:419 ff., 432).

Part One. Section 3. Introduction. IV. Principles of Administrative Policy and Their Results

1.
For further details, see “Diensttagebuch,” ed. Präg and Jacobmeyer, introduction, 7 f.

2.
Interview with Keitel, October 17, 1939 (minutes, quoted from
Doc. Occ
. 6:27 ff.). See also a report by Dr. Siebert, “Zur Polenpolitik im GG,” May 4, 1959 (BA Ostdok. 13 GG I b/3).

3.
“Report on the Development of the General Government,” July 1, 1940, 1:67 ff. (BA R 52 II/247).

4.
RGBl
. I 2077.

5.
Report dated July 1, 1940 (1:67; BA R 52 II/247).

6.
For full details on the policy of segregation, see report of the chief of the President’s Office of the Reich protector in Bohemia and Moravia, Dr. Blaschek, concerning his official journey to Kraków on August 21–26, 1942 (reproduced by J. Gumbowski and K. Lesczy
ski, “Generalne Gubernatorstwo w oczach niemca,”
Bulletin of the Main Commission Warsaw
15 [1965]: 129 ff., 135 ff., which gives a very good overview of the general policy of segregation in the General Government [Appendix 13]). On the exclusion of the Jews, see the “Report on the Development of the General Government,” July 1, 1940 (BA R 52 II/247); it said about 1.6 million Jews lived in the General Government (14.5% of the population), above all in the cities (approx. 25% of the urban population); 34% of these worked in commerce, 32% in crafts; there were scarcely any Jewish industrial or agricultural workers; however, there were as yet no reliable statistics.

7.
Best, “Grundfragen einer deutschen Großraumverwaltung” (1941), 43; Maunz, “Verfassung und Organisation im Großraum” (1941), 457, with further examples.