Akey said this foreign DNA is not found in non-Africans except for a few groups outside that continent. “And so what we think is the explanation for that is that as anatomically modern humans started dispersing out of Africa, those individuals that originally left Africa already contained some of that foreign DNA. And so the foreign DNA was taken out of Africa with those initial waves of migrations that peopled the world.” Asked if such foreign DNA might imply breeding attempts by ancient astronauts, Akey laughed and replied, “I think the claim of extraterrestrial manipulation is such a high bar that as a scientist, you have to be skeptical about everything and that just strains the bar of credibility.”
For early man, life was not pleasant. As bluntly stated in the Bible, Adam, Eve, and their progeny were not destined for a life of ease, but one of hard work and survival at the hands of their “Lords.” Sitchin stated, “The term that is commonly translated as ‘worship’ was in fact
avod
—‘work.’ Ancient and biblical man did not ‘worship’ his god; he worked for him.”
Researcher Arthur Horn stated that study of the Sumerian texts made it clear that “the Anunnaki treated their created slaves poorly, much like we treat domestic animals we are simply exploiting—like cattle. Overt slavery in human societies was common from the first known civilizations until quite recently. Perhaps it shouldn’t surprise us to learn that the Anunnaki were vain, petty, cruel, incestuous, hateful—almost any negative adjective one can think of. The evidence indicates that they worked their slaves very hard and had little compassion for the plight of humans. Yet, the Anunnaki eventually decided to grant humankind their first civilization, the Sumerian civilization.”
The Bible often describes the very long human lives of those who came before Noah, such as Adam, Seth, Enosh, Kenan, Enoch, and Methuselah. Alan Alford has pointed to the fossil record and the Sumerian texts placing the birth of humans at 450,000 years ago. In order to make the Bible’s timeline make sense next to the Sumerian and fossil timeline, Alford multiplied biblical ages by 100; he found that the time between the birth of Adam’s son Seth and the great Flood of Noah was 165,000 years. This number is more consistent with the Sumerian accounts. “The Jewish people spent an extremely long exile in Egypt for 400 years prior to the Exodus. Later they spent around 60 years exiled in Babylon,” explained Alford. “The Jews were thus a long way from the Sumerian origin of their patriarch Abraham, and had lost the knowledge of the sexagesimal system in which their ancestry through to Abraham was recorded.”
According to the new interpretations of Sumerian tales, the first humans—the Adama—were produced about three hundred thousand years ago. After further genetic manipulation allowed reproduction, human women found favor with Anunnaki males, and they began interbreeding about one hundred thousand years ago. Not long after this, a new Ice Age began, decimating the human population outside Anunnaki control. Neanderthals slowly disappeared, while Cro-Magnons survived only in the Middle East. By fifty thousand years ago, some Anunnaki leaders allowed humans fathered by Anunnaki to rule in selected cities. This angered Enlil, already incensed that some Anunnaki would mate with human women. In fact, mating in general seemed to bother Enlil—he complained that the sound of mating humans kept him awake at night. Enlil became determined to do something about the irritating humans.
About twelve thousand years ago, the Anunnaki leadership realized that severe climatic changes would occur with the imminent return of the planet Nibiru to the vicinity of Earth. Enlil made his move. In the Anunnaki’s Great Assembly, Enlil convinced the majority to allow nature to take its course—to wipe out the humans while the Anunnaki waited out events in evacuation ships orbiting Earth.
But Enki had a plan of his own. Whether out of some affection for humans or simply to thwart Enlil’s plans, Enki passed along the murderous “secret of the gods” to one of his most prized human assistants, the Sumerian Utnapishtim. In Babylonian legend, he was Atrahasis
.
The Bible called him Noah.
The Akkadian version stated Utnapishtim had lived in Shuruppak, the seventh city built by the Anunnaki, which has been identified as the Anunnaki medical center. It was also referred to as the city of Sud, who has been identified as Ninhursag—the one who assisted Enki with the genetic creation of the Lu-lu, the first Earthling.
Nearly all cultures have their own version of a Noah who survived the Great Flood. He was Ziusudra to the ancient Sumerians, Nuwah to the Chinese, Cox to Aztecs, Powaco to other Native Americans, Manu Yaivasata to the Hindus, Dwytach to the Celts, Noa to the natives of the Amazon, and Nu-u to the Hawaiians.
Utnapishtim has been called the Sumerian Noah, and the parallels between the biblical account of Noah and the
Gilgamesh
account of the Great Flood are both striking and obvious. Referring to the story of Noah, Sitchin stated that “the biblical account is an edited version of the original Sumerian account. As in the other instances, the monotheistic Bible has compressed into one Deity the roles played by several gods who were not always in accord.”
According to the Sumerian texts, it was Enlil’s rival half-brother, Enki, who instructed Utnapishtim/Noah how to construct an ark, using readily available bitumen to make it waterproof. The
Gilgamesh
version added some interesting details deleted from the Biblical account. For example, Enki provided Utnapishtim with an excuse to explain to his neighbors why he was building a boat—as a follower of Enki he was forced to leave the Enlil-controlled area and needed the boat to journey to Enki’s territory in Africa.
It also states that Enki instructed Utnapishtim/Noah, “Aboard ship take thou the seed of all living things. …” This instruction is most fascinating: because Enki had been the science officer involved in the genetic engineering of humans, it makes plausible the idea that Utnapishtim/Noah took DNA samples of all living things rather than a boatload of animals, insects, and plants. A ship’s cabin full of tiny samples would be much more reasonable than a floating zoological park.
Scattered archaeological excavations over many years indicate that what is regarded as the Great Flood was a planetwide catastrophe, though not every portion of the world went underwater. In fact, the Akkadian account stated that the Great Flood was not merely the result of heavy rains but also colossal winds that increased in intensity, destroying buildings and rupturing dikes. These are the kinds of conditions we might expect from a large planetary body passing by Earth.
One theory holds that the gravitational forces caused by the passing of Nibiru shook the Antarctic ice sheet—already unstable from the end of the last ice age—causing it to slide into the ocean and raise sea levels all over the planet. Even today, most of the original Anunnaki cities near the mouths of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers remain deep under water and silt.
Such a great catastrophe might explain why there were so few humans in the past on a planet that had housed so many great civilizations more than ten thousand years ago—most were lost in the Great Flood. This planetwide catastrophe might also explain the disappearance of Beringia, the thousand-mile-long land bridge between Siberia and North America. During the Pleistocene ice age more than ten thousand years ago, much of Earth’s waters were contained in glaciers. Beringia had been a dry, grassy plain, drawing both animals and humans that connected Asia and North America across the Bering Strait. However, worldwide flooding may have melted great scores of ice, thus inundating Beringia.
After six days and nights, the storms receded. Yet most of the land had disappeared. Finally, as in the biblical account, the ark of Utnapishtim/Noah came to rest atop Mount Ararat. In one version of the story, wherein Utnapishtim/Noah actually brought animals aboard his boat, he sent a dove, a swallow, and a raven from the ark. Only the raven didn’t return, indicating that more dry land was nearby. Noah and his family then left the ark and offered a burnt sacrifice, which drew the attention of the returning Anunnaki. An ancient text stated that the “gods crowded like flies” around the cooking flesh. Apparently, they had developed a hunger for fresh food during their long confinement in the ships orbiting Earth during the flood.
After he realized that the humans had survived the flood, Enlil had little choice but to relent and allow them to remain on Earth. With flood waters subsiding and Nibiru moving out of the solar system, the Anunnaki and the handful of surviving humans set about reconstructing the world. But this post-Flood world was to prove less peaceful than the previous one.
Prior to the Flood, any humans not working directly for the Anunnaki were roaming hunters or gatherers. But virtually overnight they became farmers. “Farming may be more work than hunting, judging by the available ethnographic data and [results] in an unstable man-modified ecosystem with low diversity index results,” noted archaeologist Kent Flannery. “Since early farming represents a decision to work harder and eat more ‘third-choice’ food, I suspect that people did it because they felt they had to, not because they wanted to farm. Why they felt they had to, we may never know, in spite of the fact that their decision reshaped all the rest of human history.”
The Sumerian tablets explained why humans had to cultivate the land and domesticate animals—because their gods demanded it. After the floods, men began to cultivate land not in the rich soil of the river valleys but in the mountain highlands of Mesopotamia and Palestine. Evidence of this exists even today. A Sumerian text fragment recounts the story: “Enlil went up to the peak and lifted his eyes; he looked down; there the waters filled as a sea. He looked up: there was the mountain of the aromatic cedars. He hauled up the barley, terraced it on the mountain. That which vegetates he hauled up, terraced the grain cereals on the mountain.”
With farming came larger and more densely crowded cities than before the Flood. Each city was ruled by one of the Anunnaki overlords, who were now beginning to be considered gods by the humans, as they had not only survived the devastation but had returned with their knowledge and technology.
Like modern humans, certain food crops appeared to have no antecedent in Earth’s evolutionary chain. They just suddenly appeared—fully cultured—about 13,000 years ago according to archaeological finds. “There is no explanation for this botanogenetic miracle, unless the process was not one of natural selection but of artificial manipulation,” commented Sitchin. His point may have some merit, as three critical phases of human development—farming (circa 11,000 BC), higher culture (circa 7500 BC), and civilization (circa 3800 BC)—occurred at intervals of 3,600 years, the same period of time for a complete orbit by Nibiru.
During a post-Flood assembly of the Anunnaki/Nefilim, it was decided to divide the Earth into four regions, with the captive human population split up within three of these areas—lower Mesopotamia, the Nile Valley, and the Indus Valley. The Anunnaki reserved the Sinai Peninsula—their new spaceflight center following the Flood—as their private, or “holy,” sanctuary.
Obviously, this divide-and-rule strategy for the scattered human communities required separate leaders. Thus was born the concept of kingship, human rulers specially chosen by the Anunnaki, or “gods,” to be intermediaries between themselves and the humans, whom they still considered as little better than animals.
This practice began in the Sumerian city of Kish, which Sitchin equates with the biblical Cush. Genesis 10:8–12 relates that Cush was a grandson of Noah and father of the legendary Nimrod, who ruled and built such cities as Babylon, Erech, and Akkad from his base in Sumer, before constructing cities in Assyria, including Nineveh. The practice of dynastic kingship based on a royal lineage traceable to the gods has affected nations and governments up to the present day, as evidenced by the fact that the Rothschilds of today claim kinship to Nimrod.
It may have been Nimrod’s attempt to thwart Enlil’s dispersion plan that led to the Old Testament story of the Tower of Babel. This narrative began at Baalbek, believed to be a post-Flood center for Anunnaki space-shuttle operations. The massiveness of the 1,100-ton granite block of the Trilithon, and others weighing more than 300 tons each, buttresses the idea that this may have once been a landing or launch pad.
One explanation for the trouble at Babel was that the humans there attempted to construct their own launch tower, apparently hoping to produce their own
shem
, or flying vehicle, with a view toward arguing against the breakup of humanity with the off-world ruler, An. “Come, let us build ourselves a city with a tower that reaches to the heavens,” they were quoted in Genesis 11:4 (New International Version) as saying, “so that we may make a
shem
for ourselves and not be scattered over the face of the whole earth.”
An Arabic text found at Baalbek stated that Nimrod and his followers also tried to construct a
shem
there. “
Shem
, inadvertently misunderstood, was rendered by most translators as a sign for the word ‘name.’ However, it originally signified ‘that which goes up,’ ” explained author Turnage. “Sitchin designates the origin of
shem
as Mesopotamian, originating from the word
mu
or the Semitic derivative
shu-mu
, or
sham
… ‘that by which one is remembered,’ evolving into ‘name.’ The original meaning of the words, however, was originally connected with the concept of something that flies.”
“The realization that
mu
or
shem
in many Mesopotamian texts should be read not as ‘name’ but as ‘sky vehicle’ opens the way to the understanding of the true meaning of many ancient tales, including the biblical story of the Tower of Babel,” wrote Sitchin. Even Sitchin’s critics agree that
shem
or
shamaim
(heaven) stem from the word
shamah
translated as “that which is highward.”