Authors: Jonathan Franzen
I never quite figured David out. He was fabulously good at making money, and he really did love Anabel, for many of the same reasons I did, but the cruelty and the vengeance in giving her a billion unwanted dollars, and in naming the person she most hated as trustee, were unmistakable. I couldn't decide whether he intended to keep punishing her from beyond the grave, or whether he nurtured the sentimental hope that she might one day return and claim her birthright. Maybe it was both. I do know that money was the language he spoke and thought in. A year after I'd heard from his lawyer, he died and left me twenty million dollars, free and clear, “for the establishment of a quality national newsmagazine.” The bequest seemed to have more to do with rewarding me than with punishing Anabelâso, at least, I chose to construe itâand this time I didn't say no.
About Anabel the obituaries of David reported only that her address and occupation were unknown, but press coverage of the Laird family continued to be findable if you were curious and did a little looking. Anabel's three brothers had blossomed into larger-scale failures. The oldest, Bucky, was briefly in the news for trying and failing to buy the Minnesota Timberwolves and move them to Wichita. The middle one, Dennis, dropped $15 million on a Republican primary Senate campaign that he still managed to lose by double digits. The youngest, Danny, the former drug addict, had gone to work on Wall Street and shown a knack for joining firms on the brink of going down in flames. Three years after David's death, presumably using the money he'd inherited, he partnered into a hedge fund that soon went down in flames. Around the same time, I happened to meet Bucky Laird at a leadership-conference boondoggle in California. We chatted a little, and he told me, quite matter-of-factly, that he and his brothers had always assumed I'd murdered Anabel and got away with it. When I denied it, he seemed neither to believe me nor particularly to care.
I've never stopped wondering where Anabel is and whether she's alive. I know that if she is alive she takes satisfaction in my being unaware of itâa satisfaction great enough, I suspect, to keep her living even if she has no other reason to. I remain convinced that I'll see her again someday, even if I never see her again. She's eternal in me. Only once, and only because I was very young, could I have merged my identity with another person's, and singularities like this are where you find eternity. I couldn't go on and have children with anyone else, because I'd prevented her from having them. I couldn't settle down with anyone significantly younger than me without proving that my wish to do this was the reason that I'd dumped her. She'd also left me with a lifelong allergy to unrealistic women, an allergy that tended to compound itself, since the minute I detected a hint of fantasy in a woman and had my reaction to it, I rendered any hopes she had for me unrealistic. I wanted nothing to do with anyone like Anabel, and even when I found someone truly unlike her, a woman with whom it's an inexpressible blessing to share a life, Anabel's sadness and her moral absolutism continued to color my nighttime dreams. Her act of disappearance and negation becomes more significant and wounding, not less, with every year that passes without a sign of her existence. She may have been weaker than me, but she managed to outplay me. She moved on while I stayed stuck. I have to hand it to her: I feel checkmated.
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When the two-way radio chirped and erupted in the burry voice of Pedro, it seemed to awaken Andreas from a dream that was aware of having lasted too long and was trying to end itself. “
Hay un señor en la puerta que dice que es su amigo. Se llama Tom Aberant
.”
On the table by his bed was a sandwich with one bite taken out of it. He couldn't have said what day of the week it was. The system that had placed him under house arrest was in his head. Hearing the name Tom Aberant barely moved him. He seemed to remember investing enormous obsessional energy in Tom Aberant, for months, maybe for years, but the recollection was faint and flavorless. He no more hated Tom or feared him than he did anything else now. He had only an intolerable, chest-crushing anxiety. That, and a wan perception of the cruelty of being visited, for whatever reason, by a journalist. He no longer met the fundamental requirement of an interviewee, which was to like yourself.
“
Hacelo pasar
,” he told Pedro.
*Â Â Â *Â Â Â *
Before he'd quit doing interviews, the previous fall, he'd taken to dropping the word
totalitarian
. Younger interviewers, to whom the word meant total surveillance, total mind control, gray armies in parade with medium-range missiles, had understood him to be saying something unfair about the Internet. In fact, he simply meant a system that was impossible to opt out of. The old Republic had certainly excelled at surveillance and parades, but the essence of its totalitarianism had been more everyday and subtle. You could cooperate with the system or you could oppose it, but the one thing you could never do, whether you were enjoying a secure and pleasant life or sitting in a prison, was not be in relation to it. The answer to every question large or small was socialism. If you substituted
networks
for
socialism
, you got the Internet. Its competing platforms were united in their ambition to define every term of your existence. In his own case, when he'd started to be properly famous, he'd recognized that fame, as a phenomenon, had migrated to the Internet, and that the Internet's architecture made it easy for his enemies to shape the Wolf narrative. As in the old Republic, he could either ignore the haters and suffer the consequences, or he could accept the premises of the system, however sophomoric he found them, and increase its power and pervasiveness by participating in it. He'd chosen the latter, but the particular choice didn't matter. He was in relation to the Revolution either way.
In his experience, few things were more alike than one revolution to another. Then again, he'd experienced only the kind that loudly called itself a revolution. The mark of a legitimate revolutionâthe scientific, for exampleâwas that it didn't brag about its revolutionariness but simply occurred. Only the weak and fearful, the illegitimate, had to brag. The refrain of his childhood, under a regime so weak and fearful it built a prison wall around the people it allegedly had liberated, was that the Republic was blessed to be in history's vanguard. If your boss was a shithead and your own husband was spying on you, it wasn't the regime's fault, because the regime served the Revolution and the Revolution was at once historically inevitable and terribly fragile, beset with enemies. This ridiculous contradiction was a fixture of bragging revolutions. No crime or unforeseen side effect was so grievous that it couldn't be excused by a system that
had to be
but
easily could fail.
The apparatchiks, too, were an eternal type. The tone of the new ones, in their TED Talks, in PowerPointed product launches, in testimony to parliaments and congresses, in utopianly titled books, was a smarmy syrup of convenient conviction and personal surrender that he remembered well from the Republic. He couldn't listen to them without thinking of the Steely Dan lyric
So you grab a piece of something that you think is gonna last
. (Radio in the American Sector had played the song over and over to young ears in the Soviet sector.) The privileges available in the Republic had been paltry, a telephone, a flat with some air and light, the all-important permission to travel, but perhaps no paltrier than having
x
number of followers on Twitter, a much-liked Facebook profile, and the occasional four-minute spot on CNBC. The real appeal of apparatchikism was the safety of belonging. Outside, the air smelled like brimstone, the food was bad, the economy moribund, the cynicism rampant, but inside,
victory over the class enemy was assured
. Inside,
the professor and the engineer were learning at the German worker's feet
. Outside, the middle class was disappearing faster than the icecaps, xenophobes were winning elections or stocking up on assault rifles, warring tribes were butchering each other religiously, but inside,
disruptive new technologies were rendering traditional politics obsolete
. Inside, decentralized ad hoc communities were
rewriting the rules of creativity
, the revolution
rewarding the risk-taker who understood the power of networks
. The New Regime even recycled the old Republic's buzzwords,
collective
,
collaborative
. Axiomatic to both was that a
new species of humanity
was emerging. On this, apparatchiks of every stripe agreed. It never seemed to bother them that their ruling elites consisted of the grasping, brutal old species of humanity.
Lenin had been a risk-taker. Trotsky had been one, too, until Stalin had made him the Bill Gates of the Soviet Union, the excoriated crypto-reactionary. But Stalin himself hadn't needed to take so many risks, because terror worked better. Although, to a man, the new revolutionaries all claimed to worship risk-takingâa relative term in any case, since the risk in question was of losing some venture capitalist's money, at worst of wasting a few parentally funded years, rather than, say, the risk of being shot or hangedâthe most successful of them had instead followed Stalin's example. Like the old politburos, the new politburo styled itself as the enemy of the elite and the friend of the masses, dedicated to
giving consumers what they wanted
, but to Andreas (who, admittedly, had never learned how to want stuff) it seemed as if the Internet was governed more by fear: the fear of unpopularity and uncoolness, the fear of missing out, the fear of being flamed or forgotten. In the Republic, people had been terrified of the state; under the New Regime, what terrified them was the state of nature: kill or be killed, eat or be eaten. In both cases, the fear was entirely reasonable; indeed, it was the
product
of reason. The full name of the Republic's ideology had been Scientific Socialism, a name pointing backward to
la Terreur
(the Jacobins, with their marvelously efficient guillotine, may have been executioners, but they fashioned themselves as executors of Enlightenment rationality) and forward to the terrors of technocracy, which sought to liberate humanity from its humanness through the efficiency of markets and the rationality of machines. This was the truly eternal fixture of illegitimate revolution, this impatience with irrationality, this wish to be clean of it once and for all.
It was Andreas's gift, maybe his greatest, to find singular niches in totalitarian regimes. The Stasi was the best friend he'd ever hadâuntil he met the Internet. He'd found a way to use both of them while standing apart from them. Because it reminded him of his similarity to his mother, Pip Tyler's remark about the Moonglow Dairy had wounded him, but she was right: for all the good work the Sunlight Project did, it now functioned mainly as an extension of his ego. A fame factory masquerading as a secrets factory. He allowed the New Regime to hold him up as an inspiring example of its
openness
, and in return, when it couldn't be avoided, he protected the regime from bad press.
There were a lot of could-be Snowdens inside the New Regime, employees with access to the algorithms that Facebook used to monetize its users' privacy and Twitter to manipulate memes that were supposedly self-generating. But smart people were actually far more terrified of the New Regime than of what the regime had persuaded less-smart people to be afraid of, the NSA, the CIAâit was straight from the totalitarian playbook, disavowing your own methods of terror by imputing them to your enemy and presenting yourself as the only defense against themâand most of the could-be Snowdens kept their mouths shut. Twice, though, insiders had reached out to Andreas (interestingly, both worked for Google), offering him dumps of internal email and algorithmic software that plainly revealed how the company stockpiled personal user data and actively filtered the information it claimed passively to reflect. In both cases, fearing what Google could do to him, Andreas had declined to upload the documents. To salvage his self-regard, he'd been honest with the leakers: “Can't do it. I need Google on my side.”
Only in this one respect, though, did he consider himself an apparatchik. Otherwise, in interviews, he disdained the rhetoric of revolution, and he inwardly winced when his workers spoke of making the world a better place. From the example of Assange, he'd learned the folly of making messianic claims about his mission, and although he took ironic satisfaction in being famed for his purity, he was under no illusions about his actual capacity for it. Life with Annagret had cured him of that.
Three days after Tom Aberant had helped him bury the bones and rotted clothes of her stepfather in the lower Oder valley, he'd gone to Leipzig to look for her. He'd intended to go even sooner, but he was already much in demand for interviews with the Western press. Already, on the strength of his once having published a few naughty poems in
Weimarer Beiträge
, lived in a church basement, and blundered out of Stasi headquarters at the right moment, he was labeled
PROMINENT EAST GERMAN DISSIDENT
. Already, too, there were grumblings among the old embarrassments on SiegfeldstraÃe, mutterings that he'd done little but sleep with teenagers while the others were risking persecution. But none of them had a father on the Central Committee, none of them a résumé as sexy as the story of his acrostic poems, and by giving a dozen interviews back to back, always under the label of
PROMINENT DISSIDENT
(and always taking care to acknowledge the bravery of his SiegfeldstraÃe comrades), he made himself so much realer than the embarrassments that they had little choice but to accept the media's version. His fame soon changed even their memories of him.