R. A. Scotti (28 page)

Ackerman, James S.
The Architecture of Michelangelo
. London: Zwemmer, 1961 (Pelican, 1971).

Alberti, Leon Battista.
De re aedificatoria,
trans. Joseph Rykwert, Neil Leach, and Robert Tavernor. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1988.

Barzun, Jacques.
From Dawn to Decadence: 1500 to the Present.
New York: HarperCollins, 2000.

Bergere, Thea, and Richard Bergere.
The Story of St. Peter's.
New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1966.

Blouin, Francis X., Jr., ed.
Vatican Archives.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Borsi, Franco.
Bernini Architetto,
trans. Robert Erich Wolf. New York: Rizzoli, 1984.

Briggs, Martin Shaw.
The Architect in History.
New York: Da Capo Press, 1974. Bruschi, Arnaldo.
Bramante
. London: Thames and Hudson, 1977. Buonarroti, Michelangelo.
Complete Poems and Selected Letters,
trans. Creighton Gilbert. New York: Random House, 1963.

Burckhardt, Jacob.
The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy.
New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1999.

Burke, Peter.
The Italian Renaissance: Culture and Society in Italy
. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 1999.

Chambers, David S., ed. and trans.
Patrons and Artists in the Italian Renaissance.
London: Macmillan, 1970.

Clark, Kenneth.
Civilisation: A Personal View
. London: British Broadcasting Corporation, 1969.

Condivi, Ascanio.
The Life of Michelangelo,
trans. Alice Sedgwick Wohl. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1976.

Contardi, Bruno.
St. Peter's
. Milan: Federico Motta Editore, 1998.

D'Amico, John R.
Renaissance Humanism in Papal Rome.
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983.

Erasmus, Desiderius.
The Julius Exclusus of Erasmus,
trans. Paul Pascal. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1968.

Fontana, Carlo.
Il Tempio Vaticano 1634–1714.
Milan: Electa, 2003. Francia, Ennio.
Storia della Construzione del Nuovo San Pietro.
Vatican City: De Luca Edizioni d'Arte, 1987.

Galluzzi, Paolo.
Renaissance Engineers: from Brunelleschi to Leonardo da Vinci.
Florence: Instituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza, 1966.

Gilbert, Felix.
The Pope, His Banker, and Venice.
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1980.

Gille, Bertrand.
Engineers of the Renaissance.
Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1966.

Goldscheider, Ludwig.
Michelangelo: Paintings, Sculpture, Architecture: Complete Edition.
London: Phaidon Press, Ltd., 1953.

Gould, Cecil Hilton Monk.
Raphael's Portrait of Pope Julius II.
London: National Gallery, 1970.

Guest, George Martin.
A Brief History of Engineering.
London: Harrap, 1974.

Guicciardini, Francesco.
Riccordi,
trans. Ninian Hill Thomson. New York: S. F. Vanni, 1949.

———.
The History of Italy,
trans. Sidney Alexander. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1969.

Haskell, Francis.
Patrons and Painters.
New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1980.

Hersey, George H.
High Renaissance Art in St. Peter's and the Vatican.
Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1993.

Heydenreich, Ludwig H., and Wolfgang Lotz.
Architecture in Italy, 1400–1600,
trans. Mary Hottinger. New York: Penguin Books, 1974. Hibbard, Howard.
Carlo Maderno and Roman Architecture.
University Park: Penn State University Press, 1971.

Hibbert, Christopher.
Rome: The Biography of a City.
New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1985.

Hollis, Christopher, ed.
The Papacy: An Illustrated History from St. Peter to Paul VI.
New York: The Macmillan Company, 1964.

Horizon Magazine,
eds.
The Horizon Book of the Renaissance.
New York: American Heritage Publishing Co., Inc., 1961.

Kitao, Timothy K.
Circle and Oval in the Square of Saint Peter's.
New York: New York University Press, 1974.

Klaszko, Julian.
Rome and the Renaissance: The Pontificate of Julius II.
New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1903.

Laffond, Robert, ed.
A History of Rome and the Romans from Romulus to John XXIII.
New York: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1962.

Lanciani, Rodolfo.
Golden Days of the Renaissance in Rome.
Boston: Houghton Mifflin & Co., 1906.

Lavin, Irving.
Bernini and the Crossing of St. Peter's.
New York: New York University Press, 1968.

Lees-Milne, James.
The Story of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.
London: Hamish Hamilton, 1967.

Letarouilly, Paul.
Le Vatican et La Basilique de Saint-Pierre de Rome, Vol. I.
Paris: Veuve A. Morel et Cie, 1882.

Lotz, Wolfgang, ed.
Studies in Italian Renaissance Architecture.
Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1977.

Lytle, Guy Fitch, and Stephen Orgel, eds.
Patronage in the Renaissance.
Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1981.

Mainstone, Rowland J.
Developments in Structural Form.
London: Allen Lane, 1975.

McNally, Augustin.
St. Peter's on the Vatican: The First Complete Account in Our English Tongue of Its Origins and Reconstruction.
New York: Strand Press, 1939.

Menen, Aubrey.
Upon This Rock
. New York: Saturday Review Press, 1972.

Millon, Henry A., and Vittorio M. Lampugnani, eds.
The Renaissance from Brunelleschi to Michelangelo.
New York: Rizzoli, 1994.

Millon, Henry A., and Craig Hugh Smyth.
Michelangelo, Architect: The Facade of San Lorenzo and the Drum and Dome of St. Peter's.
Milan: Olivetti, 1988.

Murray, Peter.
The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance.
New York: Schocken Books, 1920.

Nicholson, Peter.
Encyclopedia of Architecture.
New York: Martin and Johnson, circa 1852.

Palladio, Andrea.
The Four Books of Architecture.
New York: Dover Publications, 1965.

Parsons, William Barclay.
Engineers and Engineering in the Renaissance.
Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Co., 1939.

Partner, Peter.
The Pope's Men: The Papal Civil Service in the Renaissance.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

———.
Renaissance Rome, 1500–1559: A Portrait of a Society.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.

Partridge, Loren W.
The Renaissance in Rome, 1400–1600
. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1996.

Pastor von Camperfelden, Ludwig Friedrich August.
The History of the Popes.
St. Louis: B. Herder, 1912–14.

Portoghesi, Paolo.
Rome of the Renaissance,
trans. Pearl Sanders. London: Phaidon, 1972.

Richardson, A. E., and Corfiato, Hector O.
The Art of Architecture.
Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1972.

Rivoira, Giovanni Teresio.
Roman Architecture,
trans. by G. McN. Rushforth. New York: Hacker Art Books, 1972.

Rowland, Ingrid Drake.
The Culture of the High Renaissance: Ancients and Moderns in Sixteenth-Century Rome
. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Serlio, Sebastiano.
The Book of Architecture.
London: 1611 (New York, B. Blom, 1970).

Smith, James, and Barnes, Arthur S.
St. Peter's in Rome.
Rome: Editalia, 1975.

Stinger, Charles L.
The Renaissance in Rome.
Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1985.

Vasari, Giorgio.
The Lives of the Painters, Sculptors and Architects,
trans. Gaston du C. de Vere. London: Everyman Library, 1927.

Vicchi, Roberta.
The Major Basilicas of Rome
. Florence: Scala, 1999.

Wittkower, Rudolf.
Idea and Image: Studies in the Italian Renaissance.
New York: Thames and Hudson, 1978.

———.
Gian Lorenzo Bernini: The Sculptor of the Roman Baroque.
Ithaca, N. Y.: Cornell

University Press, 1981.

Many hands and minds contributed to the building of the Basilica of St. Peter, and many have contributed to telling its story. My thanks to F. Joseph Spieler, Wendy Wolf, Hilary Redmon, Douglas Steel, Dom Julian Stead, O.S.B., Rita Dwyer Scotti, Evans Chigounis, and Francesca Chigounis. Thank you also, to Dr. B. J. Cook, Curator of Medieval and Early Modern Coinage at the British Museum, the Frederick Allen Lewis Room of the New York Public Library, Pina Pasquantonio of the American Academy of Rome, and to the scholars, historians, and art historians whom I consulted. If any is slighted, it is unintentional.

Admonet nos suscepti
(papal bull)

Adrian VI, Pope

Age of Discovery

see also
New World

Agrippina, Roman Empress

Alberti, Leone Battista,

Alexander VI, Pope (Rodrigo Borgia)

Alexander VII, Pope (Fabio Chigi)

Alfred, King of England

Alighieri, Dante
see
Dante Alighieri alum

ambulatories

Ammianus Marcellinus

Anastasius

Annales
(Tacitus)

Apollo Belvedere

apostolic secretaries

aqueducts

arches

barrel vaults and

dome as series of

architecture, architects:

Alberti's theory of

as artists

classical book on

as engineers

humanism and

Vitruvius's views on

Aretino, Pietro

Aristotle

art, artists

as integral to politics

rivalries between

medals as business cards of

as traveling salesmen

assassination plots

papal elections and

Athens, ancient

Attila the Hun

Augustinians

Augustus, Roman Emperor

Austria

Avignon, papacy in (Babylonian Captivity)

Baldacchino

banks, bankers

Chigi as

barbarians

Barberini, Francesco

Barberini, Maffeo,
see
Urban VIII, Pope

Baroque

theatricality of

Barozzi, Jacopo (da Vignola)
see also
Vignola

Basilica of Maxentius (Temple of Peace)

basilicas:

ancient Roman

see also specific basilicas

Bayezid II, Sultan

Bazzi, Giovanni Antonio,
see
Sodoma

Beauvais, Gothic cathedral of

Becket, Thomas à

Belvedere

Belvedere Court

Bembo, Pietro

Benediction Balcony

Benedict XIV, Pope

Bernini, Gianlorenzo

Alexander VII's relationship with

Baldacchino of

bell towers of

Cathedra Petri of

colonnades and piazza of

comparison with Michelangelo

in France

prodigy as

Rome as his workshop

Urban VIII's relationship with

workshop of

Bernini, Luigi

Bernini, Paolo

Bernini, Pietro

Betto, Bernardino di,
see
Pinturicchio

Biagio da Cesena

Biancho, Giuseppe

Bibbiena, Maria

Bologna

Julius II's victory in

Michelangelo in

Boniface VIII, Pope

Bordighera

Borghese, Camillo
see
Paul V

Borghese, Oratorio

Borghese, Scipione Caffarelli

Borgia, Cesare

Borgia, Rodrigo,
see
Alexander VI, Pope

Borgia Apartment

Borromini, Francesco

Bracciolini, Poggio

Bramante, Donato

Basilica designs of

Belvedere Court and

commissions of

competing with Florentine artists

death of

as experimenter

at foundation-stone ceremony

Guarna's satire about

Julius II's selection of

Leo X's relationship with

as Michelangelo's nemesis

in Milan

obelisk problem and

Raphael as protégé of

successor selected for

Tempietto of

as the wrecker

Bramante & Co.

Bramantino (Bartolomeo Suardi)

bricks

Bridget, Saint

bronze

Browning, Robert

Brunelleschi, Filippo

Buonarroto di Ludovico Simoni

Buonarroto, Michelangelo
see
Michelangelo Buonarroti

Burckhardt, Jacob

Byron, George Gordon, Lord

Byzantium

Caedwalla

Caligula, Roman Emperor

Calixtus III, Pope

Cambrai, Treaty of (Ladies' Peace)

Camera Apostolica, 80

Canterbury Tales, The
(Chaucer)

Cappella dell'Imperatore

Cappella del Re di Francia (Chapel of the King of France)

Carrara

Castel Sant'Angelo

as popes' refuge

Castiglione, Baldassare

Catari, Giulio

Cathedra Petri

Cellini, Benvenuto

central plans

Cesari, Giuseppe (Cavaliere d'Arpino)

Chapel of St. Gregory

Charlemagne, Holy Roman Emperor

Charles V, Emperor

Charles VIII, King of France

Charles the Bald

Chaucer, Geoffrey

Chigi, Agostino

as banker

as il Magnifico

Chigi, Fabio,
see
Alexander VII, Pope

Christians, Christianity

Constantine's legitimizing of

persecution of

Cibo, Franceschetto

Circus of Caligula

Civitavecchia

Clement VII, Pope (Giulio de' Medici)

Charles V crowned by

Charles V's reconciliation with

death of

Fabbrica organized by

Michelangelo's relationship with

Sack of Rome and

Clement VIII, Pope

Clement IX, Pope

Colbert, Jean-Baptiste

College of Cardinals

Collegium LX Virorum

Colonna, Cardinal Pompeo

Colonna, Vittoria

Colonna family

Colosseum

Columbus, Christopher

columns

see also specific styles

concinnitas

concrete

Condivi, Ascanio

on Michelangelo-Clement VII relationship

on Michelangelo's reconciliation with Julius II

on Sistine Chapel

Confessio di San Pietro

Baldacchino for

Constantine I, Roman Emperor

basilica of,
see
St. Peter's Basilica, first

capital moved by

Christianity legitimized by

Constantinople

Copernicus, Nicolaus

Corinthian style

Cortona, Luca da,
see
Signorelli, Luca

Council of Trent

nepotism and

Counter-Reformation

Baroque art and

Sixtus V and

cross, bronze

cross, in church designs

Greek

Latin

cross, Constantine's sighting of

Curia

purchase of offices in

reform of

Dante Alighieri

David
(Michelangelo)

de Grassis, Paris

De re aedificatoria
(Alberti)

Diocletian, Roman Emperor

dividing wall

Divine Comedy
(Dante)

domenica in albis
(“Sunday in white”)

dome of St. Peter's

dome and cross atop

of Antonio the Younger

of Bramante

completion of

copper ball and bronze cross in

of della Porta

double shells in

iron bands of

of Michelangelo

ruining of view of

domes

of Duomo

of Pantheon

as series of arches

Donation of Constantine

Doric columns, Doric order

Egidio da Viterbo

El Greco

Eliot, George

encyclicals, papal

engineering

England

English Church

Erasmus, Desiderius

Julius exclusus
of

Ethelwulf, King

Etruscans

excommunication

Exsurge domine
(papal bull)

“fabbrica di San Pietro, la,”

Fabbrica di San Pietro nel Vaticano

as congregation

Michelangelo's relations with

Michelangelo's views on

Sampietrini of

Farnese, Alessandro,
see
Paul III, Pope

Farnese, Giulia (La Bella)

Felice (Julius II's daughter)

Ferdinand, King of Spain

Fifth Lateran Council

Florence

Duomo in

Medici popes and

Michelangelo in

Pazzi conspiracy in

Renaissance in

Sangallo's return to

Signoria of

Uffizi Gallery in

Fontana, Carlo

Fontana, Domenico

Fontana, Giovanni

forgery

Fornarina, La
(Raphael)

fornarina, la
(Raphael's mistress)

Forum, Roman

Founding of the Vatican Library by Sixtus IV, The
(Melozzo da Forli)

Fountain of the Four Rivers

France

Charles V vs.

Julius II's exile in

see also
Avignon

Francesco, Girolamo de

Francis I, King of France

Galileo Galilei

Germany

Ghinucci, Stefano

Giamberti, Antonio da,
see
Sangallo

Antonio da, the Elder, and Sangallo

Antonia da, the Younger

Giamberti, Giuliano,
see
Sangallo

Giuliano da

Gibbon, Edward

Giocondo, Fra Giovanni

God

glory of

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von

gold

New World

Gothic cathedrals

Great Schism

Greeks, ancient

Gregorovius

Gregory XIII, Pope

Gregory XIV, Pope

Gregory the Great, Pope

Guarna, Andrea

Guicciardini, Francesco

Guicciardini, Luigi

guilds

Gutenberg, Johann

Hadrian, Roman Emperor

Hanno (white elephant)

Hapsburg empire

Heemskerck, Maerten van

Helena

hell

Henry II, King of England

Henry VII, King of England

Henry VIII, King of England