Red Orchestra (61 page)

on the holocaust and abuses of soviet pows

www.ushmm.org

on holocaust and righteous gentiles

www.yadvashem.org

“Bonhoeffer.” 2006, by Martin Doblmeier.

“Jeder Tod war mir ein tiefer Schmerz.” Harald Poelchau, Gefängnispfarrer 1933–1945.

2001, by Irmgard von zur Mühlen.

“The Red Orchestra.” 2002, by Stefan Roloff.

“The Restless Conscience.” 1991, by Hava Kovav Beller.

“Widerstand: Kampf gegen Hitler.” 1995, by Michael Kloft.

All photographs courtesy of
the author except as noted below

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Donald Heath, Jr.

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Stefan Roloff
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Karin Reetz

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Katja Meirowsky

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Gerald Wesolowski

A
NNE NELSON
is an acclaimed journalist, playwright, and lecturer. She has been the recipient of numerous awards and grants, including a 2005–2006 Guggenheim Fellowship and the 1989 Livingston Award for international reporting. Her books and articles have been published widely and her play
The Guys,
one of the first plays to address the September 11 attacks, has been published and staged throughout the world. She has written and reported on humanitarian and human rights issues around the globe, with an emphasis on the role of the media. As a war correspondent in El Salvador and Guatemala from 1980 to 1983, she published reports and photography in the
Los Angeles Times,
the
New York Times,
and many other publications. She is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, a graduate of Yale University, and teaches at Columbia University.

Greta Lorke as a Catholic schoolgirl from Frankfurt an der Oder.

At the University of Wisconsin, Greta befriended German economist Arvid Harnack, a Rockefeller fellow, and his American wife, Mildred Fish, a graduate student in literature.

In 1929 Greta (and the Harnacks) returned to Germany and an impending crisis.

In 1930 Greta fell in love with Adam Kuckhoff–novelist, playwright, editor, and roué.

John Sieg married Sophie Wloszczynski in 1928.

Nazi minister Joseph Goebbels (below) pioneered the use of mass media for propaganda.

In March 1933, Nazi storm troopers acting as auxiliary police rounded up Social Democrats, Communists, and trade unionists for torture and imprisonment in “wild camps.”

On May 10, 1933, the Nazis burned books in a giant ceremonial bonfire in Berlin, an act that was repeated across the country, destroying works by Jews, leftists, pacifists, and humanists, among them Ernest Hemingway and Helen Keller.

Field Marshall Hermann Göring, commander of the Luftwaffe, married actress Emmy Sonnemann in 1935.

Hans Otto and Elisabeth Bergner were two stars of German stage and screen. Bergner was forced to flee the country because she was Jewish. Otto, a committed Communist, was Adam Kuckhoff's friend, theatrical collaborator, and relation. He refused to compromise with the Nazis and was murdered in storm trooper barracks in November 1933.

U.S. embassy official Donald Heath was a friend and intelligence contact to Arvid and Mildred Harnack. The State Department transferred Heath from Germany to Chile at a critical juncture in 1941.

Ambassador William Dodd with his family; Martha and William Jr. are on the left.