The Animal Manifesto (30 page)

Page 174
,
Françoise Wemels felder stresses in her excellent work:
Françoise Wemelsfelder, “How Animals Communicate Quality of Life: The Qualitative Assessment of Behavior,”
Animal Welfare
16 (May 2007),
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/
ufaw/aw/2007/00000016/A001O2si/art00005
.

Page 175
,
“Although it is true that I chose the items listed as critical to the welfare”:
Sue Savage-Rumbaugh, “Welfare of Apes in Captive Environments: Comments On, and By, a Specific Group of Apes,”
Journal o
^f
Applied Animal Welfare Science
10, no. 1 (March 2007,
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~
content=a788000924~db=all~order=page
. For more on Sue Savage-Rumbaugh and her bonobo studies, see Wendy Jewell, “Science Hero: Dr. Sue Savage-Rumbaugh,”
MyHero.com
,
http://www.myhero.com/myhero/hero.asp?hero=sue_savage_rumbaugh
; and the Great Ape Trust of Iowa website,
http://www.iowagreatapes.org/media/releases/2008/nr_ioao8.php
.

Page 177
,
“To see animals who have been tortured all their lives “:
Hannah Wiest, “Wipe Your Paws,”
Casper Star-Tribune,
September 13, 2008,
http://www.trib.com/news/state-and-regional/article_3c8oa45C-259O-56369eee-2cb44df9c865.html
. For more on the Kindness Ranch, visit their website,
http://kindnessranch.org
.

Page 178
,
In 2.002, the Party for the Animals was founded in the Netherlands:
For more on Partij Voor de Dieren (Party for the Animals), visit
http://www.partijvoordedieren.nl/content/view/129
.

Page 179
,
the European Union was considering revising and updating its regulations over the use of animals:
“Revision of Directive 86/609/EEC on the Protection of Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes,” European Commission website, May 11, 2008,
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/lab_animals/revision_en.htm
; see also “Revised Directive 86/609/EEC on Animal Experiments,” Dr. Hadwen Trust, November 5, 2008,
http://www.drhadwentrust.org/news/revised-directive-86609eec-on-animal-experiments-read-the-dr-hadwen-trusts-reaction-to-new-draft
. For more on Animals Count, visit their website,
www.animalscount.org
.

Page 179
,
In July 2009, China drafted the country’s first law on animal protection:
“Animal Rights on the Agenda in China,”
CCTV,
June 28, 2009,
http://www.cctv.com/program/newshour/20090628/102405.shtml
.

Page 180
,
In the small Portuguese town of Viana do Castelo  . .  the mayor banned bullfighting:
“International Praise for Portuguese Mayor After Bull Ring Is Redeveloped,”
League Against Cruel Sports,
January 8, 2009,
http://www.league.org.uk/news_details.asp?NewsID=ii33
.

Page 180
,
Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed a law that strengthened the protection of downed cows:
“Gov. Schwarzenegger Signs Law Strengthening California’s Protection for Downed Cows,” Humane Society of the United States press release, July 22, 2008,
http://www.hsus.org/press_
and_publications/press_releases/schwarzenegger_signs_law_protecting_california_downed_cows_o722o8.html
.

Page 180
,
In New Jersey, Farm Sanctuary achieved a precedent-setting victory:
“Unanimous Decision of New Jersey Supreme Court Results in Precedent Setting Victory for Farm Animals,” Farm Sanctuary press release, July 30, 2008,
http://www.farmsanctuary.org/mediacenter/2008/pr_nj_decisiono8.html
. See also the main Farm Sanctuary website,
www.farmsanctuary.org
.

Page 182
,
“Colorado is now the first state in the country to ban the use of gestation crates”:
“Colorado Bans the Veal Crate and the Gestation Crate,” Compassion in World Farming press release, May 19, 2008,
http://www.ciwf.org.uk/news/factory_farming/colorado_bans_veal_crates.aspx
.

Page 183
,
“[Lily] Tomlin last year took up the cause of Jenny”:
Patrick Williams, “Appealing to Dallas’ Wallet, Lily Tomlin Keeps Trying to Move Jenny the Elephant,”
Dallas Observer,
January 28, 2009,
http://www.dallas0bserver.com/2009-01-29/news/never-forget
.

Page 183
,
“The unwanted horses seemed destined for death”:
Lyndsey Lay ton, “A Dramatic Rescue for Doomed Wild Horses of the West,”
Washington Post,
November 18, 2008,
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/11/17/AR2008111703680.html
.

Page 184
,
“Spain’s parliament voiced its support on Wednesday”:
Martin Roberts, “Spanish Parliament to Extend Rights to Apes,”
Reuters,
June 25, 2008,
http://www.reuters.com/article/scienceNews/idUSL256586320080625?sp=true
.

Page 184
,
“Born Free USA. . . today congratulated the US House of Representatives”:
“US Congress Moves Swiftly on Legislation to Stop ‘Pet’ Primate Trade,”
Reuters,
February 24, 2009,
http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS24i547+24-Feb-2009+PRN2009O224
.

Page 185
,
“The government of Cameroon has created a new national park”:
Richard Black, “Protection Boost for Rare Gorilla,”
BBC News,
November 28, 2008,
http://news.bbc.co.Uk/2/hi/science/nature/7754544.stm
.

Page 186
,
“The European Commission on Wednesday proposed a ban on seal
products”:
Leigh Phillips, “Brussels proposes ban on seal cruelty,”
EU Observer.com,
July 23, 2008,
http://euobserver.com/9/2653o
.

Page 193
,
soldiers in Zimbabwe are being fed elephant meat for their rations:
“Zimbabwe Troops ‘Eat Elephants,’”
BBC News,
January 9, 2009,
http://news.bbc.co.Uk/2/hi/africa/7820885.stm
.

Page 194
,
“If you want to protect wildlife in developing countries”:
Bryan Walsh, “Eco-Bargain: Save Animals, Reduce Poverty,”
Time,
February 1, 2008,
http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,17O9186,00.htm
l.

Page 197
,
As Mike Tidwellpoints out in his essay “The Low-Carbon Diet”:
Mike Tidwell, “The Low-Carbon Diet,”
Audubon,
January-February 2009,
http://www.audubonmagazine.org/featureso9o1/viewpoint.html
.

Page 201
,
Our stewardship of wild animals should continue:
Clive Marks, “When Extinction Becomes a Heresy,”
Sydney Morning Herald,
September 27, 2008,
http://www.smh.com.au/news/environment/conservation/whenextinction-becomes-a-heresy/2008/o9/26/i2222i75i76i9.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap2
.

Page 203
,
“In July last year, a butterfly landed on my shoulder”:
Dan Southerland, “The Butterfly Effect,”
Washington Post,
August 24, 2008,
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/o8/15/AR2008081502356_pf.html.

Page 206
,
“Human beings are wired to care . .. and it’s probably our best route to happiness”:
Patricia Leigh Brown, “Even If You Can’t Buy It, Happiness Is Big Business,”
New York Times,
November 26, 2008,
www.nytimes.com/2008/n/27/us/27happy.html?scp=3&sq=dacher&st=cse
.

Many of the sources for which I’ve included websites can be found in the archives of my and Jane Goodall’s organization, Ethologists for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (EETA;
www.ethologicalethics.org
). As I was writing this book, I constantly found myself thinking about the important messages of eco-psychologists like David Abram, E. N. (Gene) Anderson, Warwick Fox, and Laura Sewall: how the ways in which we sense and feel the presence of individual animals directly influences how we interact with them; how good we feel when we interact with animals and nature in peaceful, kind, and benevolent ways; and how these good feelings motivate us to do more for the world at large. Detailed information about numerous topics in ethology, cognitive ethology, and human-animal interactions can be found in my other books
Animals Matter, The Emotional Lives of Animals, Wild Justice: The Moral Lives of Animals
(with Jessica Pierce), the
Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior,
the
Encyclopedia of Human-Animal Relationships: A Global Exploration of Our Connections with Other Animals,
and the
Encyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal Welfare
(second edition). A chronology of events related to animal protection can also be found in my
Encyclopedia of Human-Animal Relationships
and my
Encyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal Welfare.

Books with information about nonanimal alternatives in research and animal protection organizations include my
Encyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal Welfare
and
Animals Matter,
Amy Bount Achor’s
AnimalRights: A Beginner’s Guide,
Nick Jukes and Mihnea Chiuia’s
From Guinea Pig to Computer Mouse: Alternative Methods for a Humane Education,
Jonathan Balcombe’s
The Use of Animals in Higher Education: Problems, Alternatives, and Recommendations,
and
Why Dissection? Animal Use in Education
by Lynette Hart and her colleagues. A web search for “animal protection organizations” will generate a very useful list of organizations around the world.

Abram, David.
The Spell of the Sensuous: Perception and Language in a More-Than-Human World.
New York: Pantheon Books, 1996.

Adams, Carol.
The Sexual Politics of Meat: A Feminist Vegetarian Critical Theory,
10th ed. New York: Continuum, 1999.

Allen, Colin, and Marc Bekoff.
Species of Mind.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997.

Allen, Karen, et al. “Presence of Human Friends and Pet Dogs as Moderators of

Autonomic Responses to Stress in
Women.” Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology
61 (1991): 582–89.

Anderson, Allen, and Linda Anderson.
Rescued: Saving Animals from Disaster.
Novato, CA: New World Library, 2006.

Anderson, E. N.
Ecologies of the Heart: Emotion, Belief, and the Environment.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.

Anderson, Virginia DeJohn.
Creatures of Empire: How Domestic Animals
Transformed Early America.
New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Animal Welfare Information Center,
http://awic.nal.usda.gov
. Run by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the
AWIC Bulletin
provides current information on animal welfare to investigators, technicians, administrators, exhibitors, and the public. Appleby, Michael C., Joy A. Mench, and B. O. Hughes.
Poultry Behaviour and Welfare.
Cambridge, MA: CABI Publishing, 2004. Archer, J.
The Nature of Grief: The Evolution and Psychology of Reactions to
Loss.
New York: Routledge, 1999.

Arluke, Arnold, and Clinton Sanders, eds.
Between the Species: A Reader in
Human-Animal Relationships.
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Higher Education, Allyn & Bacon, 2008.

Balcombe, Jonathan.
The Use of Animals in Education: Problems, Alternatives,
and Recommendations.
Washington, DC: Humane Society of the United States, 2000.

______.
Pleasurable Kingdom: Animals and the Nature of Feeling Good.
London: Macmillan, 2006.

Balcombe, Jonathan P., Neal D. Barnard, and Chad Sandusky. “Laboratory Routines Cause Animal Stress.”
Contemporary Topics
(American Association for Laboratory Science) 43 (2004): 42–51.

Baldwin, Ann, and Marc Bekoff. “Too Stressed to Work.”
New Scientist
(June 2, 2007): 24.

Bates, L. A., and R. W Byrne. “Creative or Created: Using Anecdotes to Investigate Animal Cognition.”
Methods
42 (2007): 12–21.

Bateson, P. “Assessment of Pain in Animals.”
Animal Behaviour
42 (1991): 827–39.

Baur, Gene.
Farm Sanctuary: Changing Hearts and Minds About Animals and
Food.
New York: Touchstone, 2008.

Bearzi, M., and C. B. Stanford.
Beautiful Minds: The Parallel Lives of Great Apes
and Dolphins.
Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008.

Beck, Benjamin B. “Chimpanzee Orphans: Sanctuaries, Reintroduction, and Cognition.” In
The Mind of the Chimpanzee: Ecological and Experimental
Perspectives,
edited by E. Lonsdorf, S. Ross, and T. Matsuzawa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.

______. “Marking, Trapping, and Manipulating Animals: Some Methodological
and Ethical Considerations.” In
Wildlife Mammals as Research Models: In the
Laboratory and Field,
edited by K.A.L. Bayne and M. D. Kreger, 31–47. Greenbelt, MD: Scientists Center for Animal Welfare, 1995.

Bekoff, Marc. “Play Signals as Punctuation: The Structure of Social Play in Canids.”
Behaviour
132 (1995): 419–29.

______. “Animal Emotions: Exploring Passionate Natures.”
BioScience
50 (2000): 861–70.

______, ed.
The Smile of a Dolphin: Remarkable Accounts of Animal Emotions.
Washington, DC: Random House/Discovery Books, 2000.

______.
Strolling with Our Kin: Speaking for and Respecting Voiceless Animals.
New York: Lantern Books, 2000.

______.
Minding Animals: Awareness, Emotions, and Heart.
New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.

______, ed.
Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior.
Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2004.

______. “Wild Justice and Fair Play: Cooperation, Forgiveness, and Morality in Animals.”
Biology & Philosophy
19 (2004): 489–520.

______. “Animal Emotions and Animal Sentience and Why They Matter: Blending ‘Science Sense’ with Common Sense, Compassion and Heart.” In
Animals, Ethics, and Trade,
edited by J. Turner and J. D’Silva, 27–40. London: Earthscan Publishing, 2006.