The App Generation (30 page)

pop culture,
56
,
65
,
142

pornography,
114

The Power Elite
(Mills),
42

predators, online,
82

privacy,
64
,
82
–83,
170
,
172
,
191
,
205

Procreate,
120

Proust, Marcel,
144

psychasthenia,
86
,
216
n43

psychoanalysts,
12
,
14
,
77
,
200

psychology, human,
18
,
20
,
25
–32,
40

public figures, name recognition of,
88

Putnam, Robert,
68

Quantified Self (QS) movement,
73
–74

race and racial conflict,
86
–87,
88
,
112

Race to the Top,
80

radio,
21
–22,
41
,
47
,
52
,
157
,
159
; creativity and,
144
; in mid-twentieth century,
45

Rather, Dan,
55

Real Housewives
(TV show),
115

reality TV,
55
,
57
,
71
,
115

The Real World
(MTV series),
57

reflexes,
25
–26

relationships,
9
,
92
–93,
97
–98; coarsening effect of digital media and,
114
–16; dating and sex,
114
–15; deep connections necessary to nourish,
102
; documented in public manner on Facebook,
96
; interrupted by technology,
105
–7; preference for text-based communication,
96
–97; vulnerability as requirement in,
103
–4

religion,
6
,
87
,
169
–70,
191

remix culture,
141
–47

reputations, destruction of,
116

Resnick, Mitch,
150
,
181

Rewind.me,
73

Riesman, David,
14
,
40
,
41
–42,
45
,
49
; on inner-directedness,
69
,
74
,
77
; middle-class youth studied by,
161

risk-taking, avoidance of,
77
–84,
162

Rite of Spring
(Stravinsky),
153

role diffusion,
32
,
43

role models,
41

Rosen, Christine,
197

rotary clubs,
90

safety nets, shrinking,
53

Sahlberg, Pasi,
176

same-sex marriage, support for,
87

sarcasm,
65
,
105

SAT scores,
27
,
66

Schmeling, Max,
22

science and scientists,
46
,
47
,
175

science fiction,
133
,
163
–64,
192

Scratch,
181
–84

screen-reading,
58

search engines,
117
–18

self, presentation of,
54
,
63
–64,
65
,
162

self, sense of,
9
,
85
,
216
n43; healthy identity formulation and,
66
; impoverished,
91
; narcissistic (inflated),
69

“selfies”(self-portraits),
73
,
75

self-knowledge, lack of,
75

Sesame Workshop,
184

Sevareid, Eric,
46

sexism,
112

sexting,
83

sexual harassment,
110
,
113
–14

sexuality,
114
–15

Shakespeare, William,
37

Shirky, Clay,
33
,
90
,
152

Silent Generation (1950s),
40

Silicon Valley,
49
,
159
,
171

singularity,
193

The $64,000 Question
(TV show),
46

SketchBook,
120

Skinner, B. F.,
28
,
29
,
156
,
159
,
180

Skype,
92
,
109

smartphones,
2
,
9
,
18
,
50
,
94
; apps as fingerprint of identity on,
60
; art-related apps for,
120
; generations and,
51
; images shared through,
63
; music apps for,
152
; personal qualities of,
23
; at summer camps,
29
–30; video capabilities of,
31
,
123
; Wikipedia on,
31

Smith, Howard K.,
46

Snapchat,
72
–73,
83
,
92
,
94
,
102
,
108
–9

social networking,
2
,
52
,
62
,
89
,
118
,
125
; Bermuda study interviews and,
208
; blogging and,
207
; creativity and,
152
; privacy controls,
82
–83

sociology,
40

Socrates,
20
–21

software,
52
–53

Songwriter's Pad,
120
,
143
,
151
,
183

SoundBrush,
120

speed, technology and,
20
,
97

Sphinx, riddle of the,
36

Sports Illustrated
magazine,
46

Stanza,
58

Stargate Atlantis
(TV show),
125

Stein, Gertrude,
39

Stella, Frank,
176

STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics),
175

Stewart, Jon,
105

stimulation effect,
108

Stravinsky, Igor,
151
,
153

students,
80
,
147
; anxiety and feelings of isolation,
77
; acareerist focus of,
68
; communication with parents,
84
–86; creative productions of,
201
–5; drop in empathy scores among,
112
; expectations of teachers,
47
–48; experiences shared with peers,
50
; hook-up culture and,
114
–15; individualistic self-focus,
69
–70; privacy concerns of,
82
–83; as rule followers lacking ideas,
139
–41; TTCT scores on creative thinking,
150
; unrealistic life plans of,
67

Sunstein, Cass,
34

super-apps,
9
,
54
,
67
,
160
,
193
; defined,
7
–8; religious life as super-app,
169

tablets,
23
,
50
,
93
; apps as fingerprint of identity on,
60
; music apps for,
152
; video-making with,
123
; Wikipedia on,
31

Tate, Allen,
197

teachers,
47
–48,
162
,
173
; in focus groups,
201
; interviews with,
12
,
199
–200,
201
,
202
,
204

teaching condition,
27

technologies,
6
,
24
,
25
–26; change in human psychology brought by,
20
;
determinism and,
159
–68; digital and predigital communication compared,
93
–97; disruptive quality of,
105
–7; generations and,
13
–14,
37
–38,
49
–55; globalization and,
89
; history of technology,
53
; humans defined by,
13
; internal and external to human body,
14
–15; structured time and,
74
–75; types of information technology,
150
; utopian and dystopian,
158
,
164
,
194
; of warfare,
16
–17,
21

Teen Ink
magazine,
131
,
202

telegraph,
21
,
159

telephones,
21
,
29
,
55
,
92

television,
17
,
21
–22,
41
,
106
,
157
,
162
; cable,
50
,
55
; creativity and,
144
; in mid-twentieth century,
45
–46; network,
52
,
55
; online fan communities for TV shows,
90
; pay phones, decline of,
55
; reality TV,
55
,
57
,
71
,
115
; tween-focused,
71
; visual stimuli provided by,
145

testing, standardized,
80

texting and text messages,
52
,
73
,
75
,
94
,
95
,
104
; Bermuda study interviews and,
208
; blogging and,
207
; sexting,
83

Tiananmen Square protests,
55

Timehop,
73

Time
magazine,
46

tools,
17
,
19
–20,
61
,
151

A Toronto Symphony
(Machover),
190
–91

Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (TTCT),
127
–28,
150

tradition-directed individual,
41

transactional exchanges,
108
,
109

transportation,
21

TripAdvisor,
186

Tumblr,
52
,
62
,
65
,
92

Turkle, Sherry,
34
,
62
,
77
,
86
,
102
,
104

Twenge, Jean,
77

24/7 news cycle,
55
,
56
,
165

Twin Towers, attack on,
50
,
56
,
166

Twitter,
2
,
52
; in app form,
62
; Arab Spring and,
56
; character limits on tweets,
60
,
102
; coarse speech on,
112
; pedestrian language of tweets,
145
; social isolation and,
100
; tweeting about events while experiencing them,
75
; uses for,
65

United States,
2
,
3
,
40
,
81
; AIDS in,
55
; as bellwether of global developments,
158
; cell phones used by adolescents in,
94
; defining political and military events in,
165
; education in,
179
; federal education initiatives,
80
; as large and diverse country,
48
; religion in,
169

USA Today,
123

Usenet,
62

verbal expressiveness,
127
,
128

Verne, Jules,
192

Viddy,
120
,
123

video-editing software,
123

Video Star,
120

video-streaming sites,
57
,
61

vids (short video mashups),
124
–25,
126

Vietnam War,
50
,
165

Vimeo,
124

violence,
78
–79,
155
–56

virtual worlds,
52
,
61

visualization hypothesis,
144
–45

vlogs,
61

voice over IP,
92

volunteerism,
70

Walden Two
(Skinner),
159

Wampole, Christy,
105

Watergate,
50

Watson, Thomas,
58

Web 2.0,
52
,
180

Weinberger, David,
33

Wells, H. G.,
192

“whatever generation,”
78
,
115

WhatsApp Messenger,
92

Whitehead, Alfred North,
155
,
167
,
172
,
178
,
186
,
187
–88

Wikideas,
150
–51

Wikipedia,
31

wikis,
52
,
150

The Wild Ones
(film),
43

The Wise Men
(Nadler),
42

Wolfe, Alan,
171

women's rights,
166

working class,
161
–62

World of Warcraft,
65
,
172

World War, First,
39
,
165

World War, Second,
165

World Wide Web,
22
,
50
,
52
,
57
; credibility of information on,
58
; introduction of,
55
; Web 2.0,
52
,
180

writing,
20
–21,
192

Yahoo!
17

Yelp,
18

You Are Not a Gadget
(Lanier),
142

youth culture,
4

YouTube,
71
,
116
,
118
,
123
,
124
,
147