The Big Sort (46 page)

19. Marty,
Righteous Empire,
pp. 203, 250.

20. John C. Green, James L. Guth, Corwin E. Smidt, and Lyman A. Kellstedt,
Religion and the Culture Wars: Dispatches from the Front
(Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1996), p. 270.

21. Diamond,
Roads to Dominion,
p. 25.

22. Robert Wuthnow,
After Heaven: Spirituality in America Since the
1950s (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998), pp. 90–93.

23. Ibid., pp. 149, 167, 161.

24. Ibid., p. 227.

25. Ibid., p. 181.

26. Diamond,
Roads to Dominion,
pp. 26–35.

27. Marty,
Righteous Empire,
p. 250.

28. Louis Menand, "Breaking Away: Francis Fukuyama and the New Conservatives,"
The New Yorker,
March 27, 2006, pp. 82–84.

29. Tim LaHaye and Jerry B. Jenkins,
Left Behind A Novel of the Earth's Last Days
(Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1995), p. 273.

30. McGirr,
Suburban Warriors: The Origins of the New American Right
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001), p. 44.

31. Fogel,
The Fourth Great Awakening,
p. 129.

32.
Time,
May 26, 1961; Paul A. Crow Jr., "Eugene Carson Blake: Apostle of Christian Unity,"
Ecumenical Review
21 (1986): 228–36.

33. "Churchmen Call Parley on Selma,"
New York Times,
March 11, 1965, p. A1.

34. "Christianity: The Servant Church,"
Time,
December 25, 1964, pp. 45–49.

35. David A. Roozen, "Four Mega-Trends Changing America's Religious Landscape" (speech, annual conference of the Religion Newswriters Association, September 22, 2001).

36. "Christianity: The Servant Church," p. 47.

37.
Time,
April 8, 1966.

38. James Moffett,
Storm in the Mountains
(Carbondale. Southern Illinois University Press, 1988), p. 11.

39. Candor, "A History of the Kanawha County Textbook Controversy," p. 31.

40. Ibid., pp. 27–33.

41. James C. Hefley,
Textbooks on Trial
(Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1976), p. 159.

42. Candor, "A History of the Kanawha County Textbook Controversy," p. 32.

43. Ibid., pp. 52, 54.

44. Ibid., pp. 27, 87, 92.

45. Ibid., pp. 109–71.

46. Carol Mason, "An American Conflict: Representing the 1974 Kanawha County Textbook Controversy,"
Appalachian Journal
32, no. 3 (2005): 65–66.

47. Ibid., p. 66.

48. Hal Lindsey,
The Late Great Planet Earth
(Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1970), p.185.

49. Mason, "An American Conflict," p. 58.

50. Everett Carll Ladd Jr., "Liberalism Upside Down: The Inversion of the New Deal Order,"
Political Science Quarterly
91, no. 4 (Winter 1976–1977): 577.

51. Larry M. Bartels, "What's the Matter with
What's the Matterwith Kansas?
" (paper prepared for the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, September 2004),
http://www.princeton.edu/~bartels/kansas.pdf
. See also Jeffrey M. Stonecash, Mark D. Brewer, and Mack D. Mariani,
Diverging Parties: Social Change, Realignment, and Party Polarization
(Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2003), pp. 89–90.

52. Ladd, "Liberalism Upside Down," p. 584.

53. John Egerton, quoted in Candor, "A History of the Kanawha County Textbook Controversy," p. 24.

54. Bartels, "What's the Matter?" p. 14.

55. Ruy Teixeira, "It's the White Working Class, Stupid," Emerging
Democratic-Majority.com
, February 5, 2005,
http://www.emergingdemocraticmajorityweblog.com/donkeyrising/archives/001042.php
. See also Ruy Teixeira, "Once Again on the White Working Class,"
Democraticstrategist.org
, May 7, 2005,
http://www.thedemocraticstrategist.org/donkeyrising/2005/05/once_again_on_ the_white_workin.html
.

56. Goode, "A Study of Values and Attitudes," pp. 117, 120.

57. Candor, "A History of the Kanawha County Textbook Controversy," p. 177.

58. Ibid., p. 133.

59. Mason, "Textual Reproduction of Ethnicity," p. 65.

60. Moffett,
Storm in the Mountains,
p. 41.

61. Candor, "A History of the Kanawha County Textbook Controversy," p. 132.

62. Moffett,
Storm in the Mountains,
p. 41.

63. Mason, "Textual Reproduction of Ethnicity," p. 18.

64. Candor, "A History of the Kanawha County Textbook Controversy," pp. 214, 187.

65. Edward B. Jenkinson,
Censors in the Classroom
(Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1979), p. 29.

66. Richard Viguerie, quoted in Diamond,
Roads to Dominion,
p. 176.

67. Diamond,
Roads to Dominion,
p. 174.

68. Peter Francia, Jonathan S. Morris, Carmine Scavo, and Jody C. Baumgartner, "America Divided? Re-examining the 'Myth' of the Polarized American Electorate" (paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Washington, DC, September 1–4, 2005).

69. Ibid.

70. Ibid.

71. Pippa Norris and Ronald Inglehart,
Sacred and Secular. Religion and Politics Worldwide
(New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004), p. 201.

72. Norris and Inglehart, "God, Guns and Gays."

73. Norris and Inglehart,
Sacred and Secular,
pp. 201–12.

 

6.
The Economics of the Big Sort: Culture and Growth, in the 1990s

1. Dave Eggers,
A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius
(New York: Vintage Books, 2001), p. 129.

2. See Bill Bishop and Mark Lisheron, "Cities of Ideas" (series),
Austin American-Statesman,
2002,
http://www.statesman.com/specialreports/content/specialreports/citiesofideas/
.

3. Edward L. Glaeser and Christopher R. Berry, "The Divergence of Human Capital Levels Across Cities" (Harvard Institute of Economic Research Discussion Paper 2091, August 2005), p. 10,
http://www.economics.harvard.edu/hier/2005papers/HIER2091.pdf
.

4. Richard Florida, "The World Is Spiky"
Atlantic,
October 2005, pp. 48–49.

5. Glaeser and Berry, "The Divergence of Human Capital," pp. 10–11.

6. Joe Cortright, "The Young and Restless in a Knowledge Economy" (report prepared for CEOs for Cities, December 2005), p. 30.

7. Edward Glaeser and Jesse M. Shapiro, "City Growth and the 2000 Census: Which Places Grew, and Why" (Center of Urban and Metropolitan Policy, Brookings Institution, May 2001), p. 9,
http://www.brookings.edu/reports/2001/05demographics_edward-glaeser-and-jesse-m—shapiro.aspx
.

8. Glaeser and Berry, "The Divergence of Human Capital," pp. 2–11. See also Michael E. Porter, "The Economic Performance of Regions,"
Regional Studies
37, nos. 6 & 7 (August/October 2003). 550–51.

9. Joe Cortright, "The Young and Restless," p. 10.

10. Ibid., p. 29.

11. Yolanda K. Kodrycki, "Migration of Recent College Graduates: Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth,"
New England Economic Review,
January/February 2001, p. 15.

12. Cortright, "The Young and Restless," p. 43.

13. Porter, "The Economic Performance of Regions," p. 553.

14. Ibid., p. 550.

15. Glaeser and Berry, "The Divergence of Human Capital," pp. 29–30.

16. Nolan McCarty, Keith T. Poole, and Howard Rosenthal,
Polarized America: The Dance of Ideology and Unequal Riches
(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006).

17. Paul Seabright,
The Company of Strangers: A Natural History of Economic Life
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004), p. 198.

18. Richard Florida,
The Rise of the Creative Class
(New York: Basic Books, 2002), pp. 236–42.

19. William O'Hare and Bill Bishop, "U.S Rural Soldiers Account for a Disproportionately High Share of Casualties in Iraq and Afghanistan" (fact sheet, Carsey Institute, Fall 2006).

20. "Enlistment Supply in the 1990s" (Defense Manpower Data Center Report No. 2000–015, April 2001).

21. Roger Alford, "Fedex Has No Plans to Resume Drug Deliveries,"
Whitesburg (KY) Mountain Eagle,
March 2, 2005, p. B1.

22. Tom Lasseter, "A Familiar Story: From Miner to Drug User to Dealer,"
Lexington Herald-Leader,
December 7, 2003, p. A1.

23. Charles B. Camp, "Millions Sold, Office by Office,"
Lexington Herald-Leader,
August 17, 2003, p. A1.

24. "OxyContin Maker Pleads Guilty to Misleading Public on Risks,"
Wall Street Journal,
May 10, 2007.

25. "Drug Overdose Numbs Appalachia,"
Lexington Herald-Leader,
January 19, 2003, p. A8.

26. Laura Ungar, "Poverty Fuels Medical Crisis,"
Louisville Courier-Journal,
September 25, 2005, p. A1.

27. See Richard Florida, Robert Cushing, and Gary Gates, "When Social Capital Stifles Innovation,"
Harvard Business Review,
August 1, 2002; the Social Capital Community Benchmark Survey, on which we based our analysis, can be found at
http://www.ropercenter.uconn.edu/data_access/data/datasets/social_capital_community_survey.html
.

28. Professor Putnam has made the DDB Needham Life Style survey, conducted by the advertising firm DDB Worldwide of Chicago, available at
http://www.bowlingalone.com/data.htm
.

29. Florida,
The Rise of the Creative Class,
pp. 273–76.

30. Edward L. Glaeser and Joshua D. Gottlieb, "Urban Resurgence and the Consumer City" (Harvard Institute of Economic Research Working Paper 2109, 2006), pp. 6–9.

31. Paul M. Romer, "Two Strategies for Economic Development: Using Ideas and Producing Ideas," in
Proceedings of the World Bank Annual Conference on Development Economics,
1992, pp. 68–69.

32. Joe Cortright, "New Growth Theory, Technology and Learning: A Practitioner's Guide" (U.S. Department of Commerce Economic Development Administration, Reviews of Economic Development Literature and Practice, no. 4, 2001),
http://cherry.iac.gatech.edu/REFS/TRP-Ref/cortrightngt.pdf
.

33. Ibid., p. 4.

34. Ibid., pp. 4–6.

35. Ibid., p. 2.

36. Jane Jacobs,
The Economy of Cities
(New York: Vintage Books, 1970), pp. 51–52.

37. Ibid., pp. 52–53.

38. Paul Romer, "Innovation: The New Pump of Growth,"
Blueprint: Ideas for a New Century,
Winter 1998.

39. Jacobs,
The Economy of Cities,
pp. 85–121.

40. Robert E. Lucas Jr., "On the Mechanics of Economic Development,"
Journal of Monetary Economics
22 (1988). 38–39.

41. Mark S. Granovetter, "The Strength of Weak Ties,"
American Journal of Sociology
78, no. 6 (May 1973): 1360–80.

42. Peter Hall,
Cities in Civilization
(New York: Fromm International, 1998), p. 494.

43. Ibid., pp. 526–35.

44. AnnaLee Saxenian,
Regional Advantage: Culture and Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994). See also AnnaLee Saxenian, "Lessons from Silicon Valley,"
Technology Review,
July 1994, pp 42–51.

45. Glaeser and Gottlieb, "Urban Resurgence and the Consumer City," p. 2.

46. Jung Won Sonn and Michael Storper, "The Increasing Importance of Geographic Proximity in Technological Innovation: An Analysis of U.S. Patent Citations, 1975–1997" (paper prepared for the conference "What Do We Know About Innovation?" November 2003).

47. Randall Stross, "It's Not Who You Know. It's Where You Are,"
New York Times,
October 22, 2006.

48. Sam Roberts, "Tech-Drive Metro Areas Renew Their Population Gains,"
New York Times,
April 5, 2007, p. A11.

49. Glaeser and Gottlieb, "Urban Resurgence and the Consumer City," p. 13.

50. Cortright, "The Young and Restless," p. 10.

51. N. C. Aizenman, "D.C. May Be Losing Status as a Majority-Black City,"
Washington Post,
May 17, 2007, p. A1.

52. Glaeser and Gottlieb, "Urban Resurgence and the Consumer City," pp. 13–15.

53. Joseph Gyourko, Christopher Mayer, and Todd Sinai, "Superstar Cities" (National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 12355, July 2006).

54. Glaeser and Gottlieb, "Urban Resurgence and the Consumer City."

55. Richard Florida, "Cities and the Creative Class,"
City and Community,
March 2003, pp. 3–19.

56. Terry Nichols Clark,
The City as Entertainment Machine
(Oxford: Elsevier, 2004).

57. Gyourko, Mayer, and Sinai, "Superstar Cities," p. 2.

58. Data collected by the Bus Project in Portland, Oregon, and provided to the author.

 

7.
Religion: The Missionary and the Megachurch

1. Brad Stone, "Social Networking's Next Phase,"
New York Times,
March 3, 2007, p. B1.

2. Rick Warren,
The Purpose-Driven Church: Growth Without Compromising Your Message and Mission
(Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1995), pp. 29–30.

3. Donald McGavran, quoted in a presentation by Robert Shuster to Wheaton College alumni, May 11, 2002, Billy Graham Archives, Wheaton College,
http://www.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/treasure/tr02/tr02.html
.

4. C. Peter Wagner, ed.,
Church Growth: State of the Art
(Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1986), p. 9.

5. Donald McGavran,
The Bridges of God
(New York: Friendship Press, 1968), PP. 44. 59.

6. Ibid., p. 66.

7. J. Waskom Pickett,
Christian Mass Movements in India
(New York: Abingdon Press, 1933), p. 43.

8. Ibid., pp. 43–45.

9. Wagner,
Church Growth,
pp. 41–42.

10. Donald McGavran, quoted in Wagner,
Church Growth,
p. 9.

11. McGavran,
The Bridges of God,
pp. 44–45.