Japanese city, of particular importance for its Buddhist temples and monasteries. Virtually every school and sect in Buddhism had or has its location in Ky
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to. Of particular early importance are the Hosso (
D
sh
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) temple Kiyomizu, with its elaborate scaffolding construction (to throw oneself from the scaffold of Kiyomizu is to launch oneself into the unknown), and the By
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d
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-in, temple of equality, the ‘Phoenix Hall’ of which survived the fire in 1483 which destroyed all else; it was beautifully restored in 1957. The arrival of Zen brought back the simpler style of a single axis leading from a southern entrance, through the triple gate (
sammon
), the buddha-hall (
butsuden
), to the dharma-hall (
hatto
). Among the earliest are Nanzenji (13th cent., see
MUKAN FUMON
), and the smaller, but related Eikan-do. Of equal importance is
Daitoku-ji
, whose original 14th-cent. buildings burned down in the 15th cent., but which remains a classic example of a Zen monastery.
Pure Land
temples are also prominent in Ky
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to, especially Chion-in of Jodo-shu, and
Honganji
where
Shinran
was buried. Also at Ky
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to is the famous rock garden at the Ryoanji temple, fifteen rocks so placed in groups of seven, five, and three, that from any aspect, one rock is hidden.