(1149–1209 (AH 543–606)).
Prominent Muslim theologian and philosopher, who contested
Mu‘tazilites
until compelled into exile, eventually settling in Her
t. There he founded a
madrasa
and was accorded the title of
Shaykh
al-Isl
m. He attracted many pupils, but because of his determination to show how theology and philosophy can be reconciled, he was accused by some of betraying Islam. His death may have been caused by poison.