The Fence: A Police Cover-Up Along Boston's Racial Divide (48 page)

I
NTERVIEWS
: Robert Brown III in the Cumberland County Jail, Portland, Maine: March 8, 2006; March 9, 2006; April 3, 2006; July 25, 2006; May 25, 2007. Mattie Brown: April 14, 2006; Sept. 28, 2006; April 18, 2007; Jan. 20, 2008. Indira Pierce: May 7, 2006. Brian Roman: Jan. 13, 2007. Robert Sheketoff: Nov. 13, 1997; Dec. 14, 2005; Dec. 30, 2005; March 17, 2006.

O
THER
: Tour and archival photograph research: Cortee’s, 324 Washington Street, Dorchester. Tour and archival photograph research: Walaikum’s, 451 Blue Hill Avenue, Grove Hall. Tour of apartment number 224, 11 Franklin Hill Avenue, Franklin Hill Housing Project, Boston. Tour of 231 West Selden Street, Mattapan.

R
ECORDS
: Suffolk County Property and Deed Records for 231 West Selden Street, Mattapan. Boston Police Department Arrest Booking Sheets, Jan. 25, 1995 for Robert Brown III, Ronald Tinsley (aka Darryl Greene), Jimmy Evans (aka Robert White), and John Evans (aka Anthony Wilson). Boston Police Department Mug-shot Forms, Jan. 25, 1995, for Robert Brown III, Ronald Tinsley, Jimmy Evans, and John Evans. Massachusetts Criminal Offender Record Information (CORI) for Robert Brown III, Ronald Tinsley, Jimmy Evans, and John Evans. Letter by Robert Brown III to U.S. District Court Judge George Z. Singal, District of Maine, July 26, 2006. U.S. Federal Probation Reports on Robert Brown III: April 3, 2001; May 11, 2006. Boston Police Department Ho micide Information Sheet: Lyle Jackson. Boston Emergency Medical Transport Report ( Jay Weaver), Jan. 25, 1995, for Lyle Jackson. Boston Police Department crime scene photographs of shooting victim Lyle Jackson, Jan. 25, 1995.

N
EWS ARTICLES
: “Man Stabbed in Roxbury Melee,”
Boston Globe
, Nov. 14, 1995. Barnicle, Mike, “Lyrics Reflect a Bleak Reality,”
Boston Globe
, June 6, 1995. Delgado, Luz, “Restoring Neighborhood Pride in Four Corners,”
Boston Globe
, Sept. 23, 1993. Saunders, Michael, “How New Kids Reach the End of Their Road,”
Boston Globe
, June 9, 1994. Saunders, Michael, “From the Street to the Fleet, Rap Has Gone Mainstream, but Your Parents May Not Mind,”
Boston Globe
, Dec. 6, 1995. Saunders, Michael, “Super Jam Puts Hub on Hip-Hop Map,”
Boston Globe
, Dec. 9, 1995.

CHAPTER 3: KENNY CONLEY

S
WORN TESTIMONY AND STATEMENTS BY
: Kenny Conley (Cox trial deposition; Dateline NBC, July 12, 1999); Bobby Dwan (Cox IAD; Dwan arbitration).

I
NTERVIEWS
: Kenny Conley: July 5, 2001; July 6, 2001; July 11, 2001; July 16, 2001; Oct. 11, 2005; Nov. 4, 2005; Jan. 19, 2007; Feb. 19, 2007; March 27, 2007. Kristine Conley Cox: Nov. 3, 2005; Dec. 19, 2005; Feb. 19, 2007; several e-mail exchanges. Bobby Dwan: Dec. 31, 2005; Dec. 5, 2006.

O
THER
: Tour of H Street area, South Boston, with Kenny Conley, Oct. 11, 2005. Tour of 78 H Street, South Boston, with Kristine Conley Cox, Nov. 3, 2005. Ride-along with Kenny Conley and Bobby Dwan through South End, Grove Hall, Roxbury, and Mattapan to Woodruff Way, Dec. 5, 2006. Tour of police chase route from Walaikum’s to Woodruff Way, April 21, 2006.

R
ECORDS
: Massachusetts Department of Vital Statistics: death certificate of Maureen Louise Burton Conley, no. 007550: Nov. 24, 1994; death certificate of Kenneth M. Conley, no. 004029: July 20, 2006. Suffolk County Property and Deed Records: Nov. 3, 1977, purchase of 78 H Street, South Boston, by Kenneth and Maureen Conley, book 9005, p. 198. 2000 U.S. Census information for 78 H Street, South Boston. 1970 and 1980 demographic data for 78 H Street, Boston Redevelopment Authority. Diary by Boston Police Lt. Det. John Daley: May 19, 1989, entry.

B
OOK
: O’Connor,
Boston A to Z
, pp. 295–300.

N
EWS ARTICLES
: Articles in the
Boston Globe
and
Boston Herald
on the death of Boston police detective Sherman Griffiths, Feb. 17, 1988, through April 1995.

CHAPTER 4: THE TROUBLED BOSTON PD

S
WORN TESTIMONY AND STATEMENTS BY
: Kenny Conley (Cox trial deposition).

I
NTERVIEW
: Robert Brown III: March 8, 2006; March 9, 2006.

R
ECORDS
: St. Clair, James D. (chairman), St. Clair Report. Shannon, James M. (Massachusetts attorney general), “Report of the Attorney General’s Civil Rights Division of Boston Police Department Practices,” Dec. 18, 1990. Affidavit of James M. Shannon, former Massachusetts attorney general, on Oct. 15, 1998, in the Cox trial.

C
OURT CASES
:
Commonwealth v. Adams et al.
, 416 Mass. 558 (1993).
Commonwealth v. Adams
, Superior Court Civil 91–3150: Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law, and Order by Superior Court Judge Hiller B. Zobel, May 8, 1992.

N
EWS ARTICLES
: “Chronology of the Stuart Case,”
Boston Globe
, Jan. 5, 1990. Brelis, Matthew, “In City Newsrooms, Cynics Were Believers: The Stuart Murder Case,”
Boston Globe
, Jan. 8, 1990. Craig, Charles, “Witness Tells of Police Beating,”
Boston Herald
, Jan. 14, 1992. Craig, Charles, “Handcuffed Driver Was ‘Badly Bruised’ Says Former Assistant Attorney General,”
Boston Herald
, Jan. 23, 1992. Lehr, Dick, “Doubt Cast over Tiffany Moore Verdict,”
Boston Globe
, May 4, 2003. Murphy, Sean P., and Locy, Toni, “St. Clair Panel Blasts Police Failings, Urges Roache’s Ouster, Other Changes,”
Boston Globe
, Jan. 15, 1992. Thomas, Jerry, “Mission Hill Wants Action over Searches,”
Boston Globe
, Feb. 9, 1990. Wong, Doris Sue, “Woman Tells of Hearing Wails, Seeing Police Beat Motorist,”
Boston Globe
, Jan. 14, 1992. Wong, Doris Sue, “Witness Saw Officers ‘Do Nothing Wrong,’”
Boston Globe
, Jan. 23, 1992.

CHAPTER 5: MIKE’S EARLY POLICE CAREER

S
WORN TESTIMONY AND STATEMENTS BY
: Kimberly Cox (Cox trial deposition); Michael Cox (Cox trial deposition; Dateline NBC, Nov. 2, 1999); David Williams (Williams arbitration); Richard Walker (Burgio arbitration).

I
NTERVIEWS
: James Rattigan: Oct. 27, 2005. Seleata Emery: Oct. 10, 2005.

R
ECORDS
: Boston Police Department statistics on racial and ethnic makeup, 1988–1991 per a Freedom of Information request. 1970 U.S. Census information for Boston. Psychological assessment of Michael Cox by Dr. Ronald P. Winfield: May 11, 1997.

C
OURT CASES ON AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND THE
B
OSTON
P
OLICE
D
EPARTMENT
:
Castro v. Beecher
, 334 F. Supp. 930 (1971).

Castro v. Beecher
, 459 F.2d 725 (1st Cir. 1972).

Castro v. Beecher
, 365 F. Supp. 655 (D. Mass. 1973).

Paul DeLeo Jr.
,
Thomas Barrett, Michael Conneely, Matthew Hogardt, Brendan Dever, Patrick Rogers, Christopher Carr and Brian Dunford v. City of Boston et al.
, U.S. District Court, District of Massachusetts, civil docket 03–12538.

N
EWS ARTICLES
: Chivers, C. J., “From Court Order to Reality: A Diverse Boston Police Force,”
New York Times
, April 4, 2001. Justice, Glen, “Police Commissioner Spends Night on Duty,”
Boston Globe
, July 12, 1993. McGrory, Brian, “Bratton Named to Head Police,”
Boston Globe
, June 30, 1993.

CHAPTER 6: CLOSING TIME AT THE CORTEE’S

S
WORN TESTIMONY AND STATEMENTS BY
: Michael Cox (Daley arbitration; Burgio arbitration); Marcello Holliday ( Jackson murder grand jury, Feb. 15, 1995); Craig Jones (Cox trial deposition); Stanley Pittman (Boston Police Department interview, Feb. 20, 1995); Louis Reiter (Cox trial deposition); Gary Ryan (Daley arbitration); Thomas “Joe” Teahan (Daley arbitration); Richard Walker (Daley arbitration); David Williams (Williams arbitration).

I
NTERVIEWS
: James Burgio: Sept. 22, 2006. Michael Cox: March 13, 2006. Robert Brown III: May 25, 2007.

R
ECORDS
: Boston Police Department 1.1 Incident Reports: January 25, 1995: no. 50038785: 324 Washington Street “Shots Fired.” Cortee’s Lounge, no. 50038593: 324 Washington Street “Property Damage.” Cortee’s Lounge, no. 50037319: Norwell Street/ Harvard Street. Stop of 1984 Peugeot by Richard Walker. Boston Police Department Internal Affairs records for David Williams in the Ivey and Fernandes cases.

CHAPTER 7: THE MURDER AND THE CHASE
AND
CHAPTER 8: THE DEAD END

S
WORN TESTIMONY AND STATEMENTS BY
: Robert Brown III ( Jackson murder trial); James Burgio (Burgio arbitration); Donald Caisey ( Jones arbitration, Daley arbitration); Kenny Conley (Cox IAD, Federal GJ, Cox trial deposition, Cox trial); Michael Cox (Cox IAD, Cox ACU, Suffolk GJ, Federal GJ, Cox trial deposition, Dateline NBC, Nov. 2, 1999, Burgio arbitration, Daley arbitration); Ian Daley (Daley arbitration); John Evans ( Jackson murder trial); Jimmy Evans ( Jackson murder trial, Federal GJ); Marcello Holliday ( Jackson murder trial); Janet Jackson ( Jackson murder trial); Craig Jones (Cox trial deposition); Louis Reiter (Cox trial deposition); Gary Ryan (Daley arbitration); Thomas “Joe” Teahan (Daley arbitration); Isaac Thomas (Burgio arbitration, Williams arbitration, Daley arbitration); Ronald Tinsley (Federal GJ); Richard Walker (Daley arbitration); David Williams (Cox IAD, Cox ACU, Suffolk GJ, Williams arbitration).

I
NTERVIEWS
: Robert Brown III: March 8, 2006; March 9, 2006; April 3, 2006; July 25, 2006. Kenny Conley: July 5, 2001; July 6, 2001; July 11, 2001; July 16, 2001; Oct. 11, 2005; Nov. 4, 2005; Jan. 19, 2007; Feb. 19, 2007; March 27, 2007. Michael Cox: Feb. 19, 2006; March 12, 2006; Oct. 15, 2006; April 6, 2008. Bobby Dwan: Dec. 31, 2005. James Rattigan: Oct. 27, 2005.

O
THER
: Ride-along with Kenny Conley and Bobby Dwan retracing route of chase, Dec. 5, 2006. Tour of chase route from Roxbury to Woodruff Way, April 21, 2006.

R
ECORDS
: Boston police interviews with shooting witnesses at Walaikum’s. Boston Police Department 1.1 Incident Reports for shooting at Walaikum’s, including but not limited to report by Ron Curtis, injury reports by James Rattigan and Mark Freire. Emergency medical technician Jay Weaver’s report on the condition of shooting victim Lyle Jackson. Emergency medical technician report on the condition of Michael Cox. Boston City Hospital medical records on the condition and treatment of Michael Cox. Medical records by private doctors in the ongoing treatment of Michael Cox following his beating.

N
EWS ARTICLES
: Associated Press, “Officer Taped Kicking Black Man Is Suspended,”
Boston Globe
, Jan 19, 1995. Associated Press, “Officer Silent in R.I. Kicking Case; Union Blasts Chief for Comments; Mayor Warns of Disciplinary Action,”
Boston Globe
, Jan. 20, 1995. Associated Press, “R.I. Officer Defends Kicking Man in Melee,”
Boston Globe
, Jan. 28, 1995. Associated Press, “Providence Police Face Court Suit,”
Boston Globe
, March 4, 1995. Associated Press, “Providence, Suspended Police Officer Reach Deal,”
Boston Globe
, May 7, 1995. Associated Press, “Officer in Beating Back in Uniform,”
Boston Globe
, May 10, 1995. Dowdy, Zachary R., “For Some, Fear Is Constant, Though Boston Crime Dips Figures Don’t Equal Security, Bostonians Say,”
Boston Globe
, Jan. 24, 1995. Dowdy, Zachary R., “Police Censure Three in Fatal Raid; Supervisor Suspended 30 Days Without Pay,”
Boston Globe
, Jan. 27, 1995.

N
OTES
: My account of the unfolding of the shooting at Walaikum’s differs from that presented by the government during the Lyle Jackson murder trial in 1996. In arriving at an account that deviates from the theory the government presented at the trial, I have relied on the confessions of Robert Brown III along with statements given by John and Jimmy Evans, none of which was available at the time of the trial. This illustrates what I referred to in my author’s note: that, to resolve discrepancies in people’s accounts, I have gone with the weight of the evidence and what, in my analysis, is most trustworthy. In a second instance, Robert Brown has testified that during the foot chase, Kenny Conley yelled at him, “Freeze, Nigger.” Kenny Conley has denied using those words, and, based upon the entire record, Kenny Conley’s denial is credible. The security guard, Charles Bullard, has testified that he alone captured Tiny Evans, an account contradicted by police officers at the scene including but not limited to Craig Jones, Joseph Horton, and Bobby Dwan. I credit the police officers’ account.

CHAPTER 9: “8-BOY”

S
WORN TESTIMONY AND STATEMENTS BY
: Robert Brown III (Federal GJ, Conley trial, Cox trial); James Burgio (Burgio arbitration); Donald Caisey (Suffolk GJ, Daley arbitration, Jones arbitration); Kenny Conley (Cox IAD, Federal GJ, Cox trial deposition, Cox trial); Kimberly Cox (Cox trial deposition, Dateline NBC, Nov. 2, 1999); Michael Cox (Cox IAD, Cox ACU, Suffolk GJ, Federal GJ, Cox trial deposition, Cox trial, Dateline NBC, Nov. 2, 1999, Burgio arbitration, Daley arbitration); Ian Daley (Cox IAD, Daley arbitration); Daniel Dovidio (Cox trial deposition, Cox trial); Bobby Dwan (Dwan arbitration); Jimmy Evans (Federal GJ); Craig Jones (Cox IAD, Cox ACU, Suffolk GJ, Cox trial deposition, Daley arbitration); David C. Murphy (Cox ACU, Burgio arbitration, Daley arbitration); Gary Ryan (Cox IAD, Suffolk GJ, Daley arbitration); Michael Stratton (Cox IAD, Cox ACU); Thomas “Joe” Teahan (Cox IAD, Suffolk GJ, Daley arbitration); Isaac Thomas (Burgio arbitration, Williams arbitration, Daley arbitration); Ronald Tinsley (Federal GJ); Richard Walker (Cox IAD, Cox ACU, Suffolk GJ, Federal GJ, Cox trial, Burgio arbitration, Daley arbitration); Marlon Wright (Cox ACU); David Williams (Cox IAD, Cox ACU, Suffolk GJ, Williams arbitration).