,
199
,
202
,
205
,
208
Turkic Muslims
310
,
313
Turkistanis
310
,
311
‘turnip winter’ (1916–17)
53
Two Happy People
(film)
335
typhus
183
,
206
,
207
,
297
,
298
,
308
U-boats
65
,
122
,
268
,
327
,
371
,
443
,
478
; pens
277
,
442
Udet, Ernst
222
Uhland, Ludwig: ‘Ich hatt’ einen Kameraden’
195
Ukraine: 1930s famine
274
; German invasion (1941)
158
,
168
,
176–80
; deportation and killing of Jews
168
,
173–4
,
182
,
244
,
258
,
267
,
281
,
289
,
310
; forced recruitment of labour
274
; civil war
275
,
276
; plunder of Jewish property
289–90
; barter system
290
; political divisions
309–10
; German retreat
419
,
420
;
see also
Kiev
Ulbricht, Walter
565
Ulm
286
,
295
United States of America: and German occupation of Poland
45
; Lend-Lease
236
,
268
; and German anti-Americanism
236
,
237
,
238
; boycotts German exports
238
; Pearl Harbor
268–9
; Hitler declares war on
269
,
see
US Army
; denazification programme
557–8
,
561
,
564
,
567
; postwar conflict with Soviet Union
558
; German attitudes to
563–4
,
566
; urges West Germany to rearm
566
;
see also
Roosevelt, Franklin D.
;
Shirer, William
;
US Air Force
Unterbernbach (1945)
528
,
531
,
532
,
537
,
540
US Air Force (USAAF): bombing raids
1
,
3
,
383
,
469–70
,
478
,
482
; Hamburg
367
,
417
; Berlin
393
,
409
US Army: Normandy landings
427
; advance through France
428
,
442
,
443
,
444
,
449
,
460
,
477
; prisoners of war
443
,
477
; casualties
449
; advance through Germany
446
,
482
,
483
,
501–6
,
510–12
,
514–16
,
518–22
,
525
,
531
,
532
; in Munich
534
,
543
; at Dachau
534
; and German surrender
538
,
554
; in Berlin
550
; black soldiers
525
,
540
; prisoners taken
553
;
see also
Eisenhower, Dwight D
.
US Navy
237
,
268
Uspensky, Yuri
473–4
V., Arnulf
80–81
V-2 rockets
445
,
516
,
517
Vatican, the: and Polish clergy
43
;
see also
Pius XII
Vedder, Gisela
400
vegetables, shortages of
283
,
284
Velburg (1941)
149
Velizh (1942)
210
venereal disease
61
,
63
Venev (1941)
198
Versailles Treaty (1919)
9
,
12
,
26
,
562
Vichy government
108
,
127
,
276
,
280
Vienna: Hitler’s entry (1938)
26
; football matches (1940, 1941)
10
,
162
; troops return from Poland
48
; propaganda for Austrian independence
60
; opera
100
; Jewish suicides
242
; deportation of Jews (1941)
235
,
240
,
244
,
245
; censorship office
339
; unscathed
390
; Burgtheater
408
,
409–10
; air raids (1944)
426
,
470
; capitulates (1945)
535
,
536
Vienna Philharmonic
407
Villers-Bocage (1944)
428
Villinger, Werner
83
Vilnius (1944)
434
Vistula, River
434
,
435
,
436
,
440
,
442
,
461
,
482
,
483
,
485
,
486
,
490
,
491
Vitebsk (1944)
433
,
434
,
449
Vliet, Arie van
279
Voice of America
247
Voice of the Front
(radio programme)
65
Volga, River
322
,
323
,
324
.
325
Volhynia
136
,
137
,
274
Völkischer Beobachter
(newspaper)
48
,
78
,
118
,
164
,
187
,
245
,
364
,
464
,
471
,
477
,
534
Volkssturm, the
456–7
,
458
,
460
,
463
,
471
,
516
,
518
,
519
,
533
,
545
Volokolamsk (1942)
204
Voronezh (1943)
328
Vorwärts
(newspaper)
161
Vossler, Professor Karl
527
Vyaz’ma (1941–42)
187
,
188
,
192
,
204
,
325
Waffen SS: recruitment
312–13
,
438
; Dirlewanger Brigade
436
; Kaminski Brigade
438
,
439
; atrocities committed
438
; high morale
461
; in Replacement Army
462
; defence and counter-attack (1945)
477
,
488
,
512
,
519
,
522
,
523
; casualties
557
; postwar pensions
566
Wagner, Adolf, Gauleiter of Munich
148–50
,
243
Wagner, Eduard, Quartermaster-General
185
Wahlmann, Dr Adolf
152
,
153
,
154
Walsh, Colonel Bill
534
Wandervögel
(youth movement)
28
Wannsee Conference (1942)
248
Wantzen, Paulheinz
91–2
,
120
,
123
,
160–61
,
172
,
258
,
290
,
336–7
,
510
,
559
,
560
War Economy Decree (1939)
59
,
286
,
287
‘war neuroses’/‘neurotics’
75
,
76
,
83
,
122
,
140
,
348
Warlimont, Walter
50
Warm-Warczy
ski, Leon
266
,
555
Warsaw: German attack (1939)
35
,
36
,
109
; Hitler reviews troops
47
; furs taken from Jews
225
; deportation and murder of Jews
244
,
255
,
265
,
266
,
486
; news of death camps reach ghetto
256
; baking of white bread banned
288–9
; black market
289
; tortoises
289
; Polish Resistance
373
,
435
; and Soviet advance
434
,
435
; German reconquest (1944)
435—41
459
,
523
; execution of civilians
436
; as German strongpoint
460
,
482
; end of occupation (1945)
485–6
;
see also
Hosenfeld, Wilm
Wartheland, the
135–6
,
138
,
139
,
273
,
291
,
449
; Jews
135–6
; Pestalozzi Gymnasium for Girls relocated to
398
Wegrów, Poland
93
Wehrmacht, the
see
German Army
;
German Navy