The Invitation-Only Zone (33 page)

  
4
. Interview with the author, Tokyo, Japan, June 12, 2009.

  
5
. Interview with the author, Tokyo, Japan, May 14, 2014.

  
6
. Ibid.

  
7
. It took longer for abductee Hitomi Soga’s husband, Charles Jenkins, and their two daughters to get to Japan because the U.S. military still considered Jenkins a deserter. He eventually reached an agreement with the U.S. military, served a six-day sentence, and was dishonorably discharged. The family reunited in Indonesia in July 2004 and now live on Sado Island.

21. Abduction, Inc.

  
1
. Interview with the author, Tokyo, Japan, July 13, 2010.

  
2
. On December 27, 2002,
Asahi Shimbun
ran a two-page article, “Reviewing North Korea’s Abduction-Related Coverage,” in which it argued that “since the incident, at that time, was neither official nor confirmed, we felt that reporting based on mere speculations could even result in the endangerment of the abduction victims possibly held in North Korea, and we therefore prioritized confirming the rumor first.” The paper apologized for the “misunderstanding.”

  
3
. According to an October 2012 Cabinet Office survey, the abduction issue remains the top concern regarding North Korea (87 percent). Fears of Korea’s missiles (49 percent) and nuclear weapons (59 percent) are significantly less.

  
4
. The abductee groups remain powerful. Between 2002 and 2014, every new prime minister and U.S. ambassador has met with them immediately after taking office. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and President Obama met with them as well.

  
5
. Katsuei Hirasawa,
Rachi Mondai: Tai Kitachōsen Gaikō
no Arikata wo tou
[The abduction issue: Questioning diplomacy toward North Korea] (Tokyo: PHP, 2004), p. 29.

  
6
. Interview with the author, Tokyo, Japan, June 3, 2009.

  
7
. Interview with the author, Tokyo, Japan, June 22, 2010.

  
8
. Interview with the author, Niigata, Japan, June 18, 2010.

  
9
. Ulv Are Rynning Hanssen, “Changes in Japanese Attitudes Toward North Korea Since ‘9/17,’” master’s thesis, University of Oslo, 2011.

10
. “Media to Give Abductees Privacy: News Organizations Agree to Restrain Coverage During Homecomings,”
Japan Times
, October 13, 2002.

11
. Takeshi Inagaki,
Shokun!
, December 12, 2002, pp. 74–88.

12
.
Shukan Bunshun
, August 3, 2002.

13
. Between 2006 and 2010, the Abduction Headquarters budget rose from $2 million to $16 million. T. J. Pempel, “Japan and the Two Koreas: The Foreign-Policy Power of Domestic Politics,” in
Changing Power Relations in Northeast Asia
, edited by Marie Soderberg, (New York: Routledge, 2011), p. 55.

14
. Japanese government Internet TV, March 28, 2008.

15
. Trevor Clarke, “Can NHK Keep the Air Free?,”
Japan Times
, December 26, 2006.

16
. Eric Johnston, “The North Korea Abduction Issue and Its Effect on Japanese Domestic Politics,” JPRI Working Paper no. 101, June 2004.

17
. Interview with the author, Tokyo, Japan, May 14, 2014.

18
. Interview with the author, Tokyo, Japan, April 7, 2008.

19
. Interview with the author, Tokyo, Japan, June 22, 2010.

20
. Interview with the author, Tokyo, Japan, May 13, 2014.

22. Kaoru Hasuike at Home

  
1
. Interview with the author, Kashiwazaki, Japan, May 12, 2008.

Epilogue

  
1
. Interview with the author, Tokyo, Japan, July 17, 2010.

  
2
. Interview with the author, Tokyo, Japan, April 10, 2008.

  
3
. Morris-Suzuki, “Becoming Japanese,” p. 162.

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