The King's Cardinal: The Rise and Fall of Thomas Wolsey (Pimlico) (59 page)

¹⁴
Harcourt, p.470.

¹⁵
B. Harris,
AJLH
, 20, pp.16-22.

¹⁶
LP
, iii, 1204.

¹⁷
In addition to B. Harris,
AJLH
, 20 see Levine, ‘Fall of Edward duke of Buckingham’.

¹⁸
B. Harris,
AJLH
, p.17 calculates 49 noblemen. Both calculations include Thomas Docwra, prior of the order of St John.

¹⁹
The minors were the earl of Derby and the Lords Clinton, Grey of Powis and Grey of Wilton, and the lunatic was Lord Burgh.

²⁰
This is alleged in B. Harris,
AJLH
, 20, p.17, but she provides no evidence. Berners was involved in complicated legal transactions with Buckingham (Rawcliffe, pp.140-1), which may have caused conflict, but it seems more likely that it was his residency in Calais as lord deputy that was the reason for his absence. I have found no information about any quarrel between Berkeley and Buckingham.

²¹
For worries about emptying the North of noblemen in 1526 see
LP
, iv, 1910. Other northern noblemen were the Lords Clifford, Conyers, Dacre, Darcy, Latimer, Lumley, Monteagle, Ogle, Scrope and Stourton.

²²
Hall, p.623; Harris,
AJLH
, 20, p.20.

²³
Hall, p.623.

²⁴
LP
, iii, 1070.

²⁵
For Buckingham’s relations with Gilbert, Russell and Dellacourt, and more generally with his household officials see Rawcliffe, pp.90-1, 139-40, 151, 164-70, 195-6, 229-30, 247-9.

²⁶
Vergil, p.27. After Buckingham’s execution, Knivet was to state that he left Buckingham’s service of his own accord in September 1520, but since this was in furtherance of his claim for compensation for loss of office following disclosure of Buckingham’s plottings, the statement must be questioned; see
LP
, iii, 1289 (ii). The September date does, however, better fit the scenario being presented here, for if Knivet began to talk in May 1520, it is harder to explain why Buckingham was not picked up until almost a year later.

²⁷
LP
, iii, 1070.

²⁸
LP
, iii, 1283a, transcribed fully in
LP
, iii, pp.cxiii-cxiv.

²⁹
LP
, iii, 1070 for the request. For Buckingham and Wales see pp.170-1 below.

³⁰
LP
, iii, 1283a for Wolsey’s warning;
LP
, iii, 1245 for Henry’s.

³¹
Guy,
Cardinal’s Court
, p.74; Hall, p.599 for Henry’s alleged comments to Buckingham on this occasion, and
LP
, iii, 1284 (ii) for Buckingham’s alleged anger.

³²
Rawcliffe, p.36.

³³
LP
, i, 94; Rawcliffe, pp.37-8.

³⁴
LP
, i, 474.

³⁵
Hall, pp.505, 512.

³⁶
LP
, i, 3483. More generally for Buckingham’s financial relationship with the Crown see Rawcliffe, pp.138 ff.

³⁷
B. Harris,
Edward Stafford
, p.89; Rawcliffe, pp.137-8 for expenditure at Thornbury and Penshurst.

³⁸
Rawcliffe, pp.37-9.

³⁹
Ellis, 3 ser, i, pp.216-7 (
LP
, ii, 2987, though he suggests 1519. I have followed the editors of
LP
in dating it to 1517, thereby associating it with the great joust of 7 July 1517 in which Buckingham did not take part; see Rawdon Brown, ii, pp.101-3; Hall, p.591).

⁴⁰
Roper, pp.20-21.

⁴¹
LP
, ii, 4075.

⁴²
LP
, ii, 4469.

⁴³
The evidence for this is mainly negative; that is none of the accounts of the expedition make much mention of him; see Rawcliffe, pp.100-1.

⁴⁴
LP
, iii, 1284 (iii), from Gilbert’s deposition.

⁴⁵
Bush,
History
, iv for the argument that the Tudors’ suspicion of those with a claim to the throne has been exaggerated.

⁴⁶
LP
, iii, 1245.

⁴⁷
Guy credits him with attendance at only one meeting though there are many gaps in the evidence; see Guy, ‘Court of Star Chamber’, app.ii.

⁴⁸
For a good contemporary description of Thornbury see
LP
, iii, 1286.

⁴⁹
LP
, ii, 2987.

⁵⁰
LP
, ii, 1893.

⁵¹
The date favoured by Rawcliffe (Rawcliffe, p.136), though it is sometimes placed in the following year.

⁵²
For this episode see Bernard,
Early Tudor Nobility
, pp.11-26, though his interpretation differs.

⁵³
Rawcliffe, pp.164-81.

⁵⁴
Ibid, pp.166-7, 230.

⁵⁵
Ibid, pp.170-1.

⁵⁶
Pugh,
Marcher Lordships
, pp.32-5, 44-6, 135-8.

⁵⁷
Ibid, p.45.

⁵⁸
Quoted by Skeel, pp.35-6.

⁵⁹
LP
, iii, 1233.

⁶⁰
Hall, p.622.

⁶¹
LP
, iii, 2703.

⁶²
BL Hargrave, 249, fo.226 printed in
Archaeologia
, xix, pp.62-5.

⁶³
LP
, iii, 2932 (4).

⁶⁴
Cavendish, p.64.

⁶⁵
Ibid, pp.24-5.

⁶⁶
Ibid, p.20.

⁶⁷
LP
, iv, 3216;
Calais
, p.38 for identification of the names.

⁶⁸
St. P, ii, p.50 (
LP
, iii, 1011).

⁶⁹
LP
, ii, 2481.

⁷⁰
Coward, pp.21-88.

⁷¹
Quoted in Paul V.B. Jones, pp.32-3.

⁷²
For Suffolk see Gunn, Charles Brandon, pp.32 ff., and more generally Bernard,
Early Tudor Nobility
, pp.173-208.

⁷³
My own calculations from the printed lists of JPs; see
LP
, i, app.1; iii, 1379, 2993, 3495; iv, 1525, 2002, 5083, 5243, 5510.

⁷⁴
LP
, iii, 2126.

⁷⁵
Hall, p.694.

⁷⁶
Ibid, p.696,
LP
, iv, 1235, 1260, 1305, 1321, 1325; iv, app.6.

⁷⁷
Inter alia LP
, iv, 3822.

⁷⁸
Inter alia
Rawdon Brown, ii, p.71 (
LP
, ii, 3204).

⁷⁹
Pythian-Adams, pp.253-7.

⁸⁰
LP
, iv, 1324.

⁸¹
PRO SP1/47/fo.89v (
LP
, iv, 4044).

⁸²
PRO SP1/47/fo.91 (
LP
, iv, 4045).

⁸³
LP
, iv, 4192, 4320.

⁸⁴
LP
, iii, 1393, 1448, 1453-4, 1459, 1462, 1473.

⁸⁵
Very much my own calculations; but for those who took part in the 1513 campaign see
LP
, i, 2052-3.

⁸⁶
See pp.22 ff. above.

⁸⁷
Quoted and fully discussed in Lander,
Crown and Nobility
, pp.228-30.

⁸⁸
Scarisbrick,
Henry
VIII
, p.23, n.3, but the unknown author’s prologue strongly suggests therwise; see Kingsford, pp.3-4.

⁸⁹
Froissart, p.xvii; more generally Ferguson, pp.23 ff; Gunn, ‘French wars’, pp.34-7; Scarisbrick,
Henry
VIII
, pp.22-4.

⁹⁰
LP
, ii, 4475; more generally Angelo, pp.131-6.

⁹¹
32 as compared with 27, but the first figure does include four sons of the marquess of Dorset; see Russell,
Field of Cloth of Gold
, pp.191-5. But the real point is that a lot went.

⁹²
LP
, iii, 2288, 2333 (vi).

⁹³
Ven. Cal
., iv, 188, 201, 205; Angelo, pp.211-34.

⁹⁴
Ven. Cal
., ii, 918; see also Rawdon Brown, ii, 224-8 (
LP
, ii, 4481).

⁹⁵
See pp.20-2.

⁹⁶
Gunn,
Charles Brandon
, 6-8; D.R. Starkey, ‘King’s privy chamber’, pp.80 ff.

⁹⁷
D.R. Starkey, ‘King’s privy chamber’, pp.129-31.

⁹⁸
Inter alia
Chrimes, pp.137-9.

⁹⁹
See p.117 above.

¹⁰⁰
Guy, ‘Court of Star Chamber’, p.224.

¹⁰¹
Scarisbrick, ‘Cardinal Wolsey’, pp.63-6.

¹⁰²
For further detail see pp.411 ff. below.

¹⁰³
Schofield, p.201.

¹⁰⁴
LP
, iv, 571; see also pp.568-9 below.