The Knowledge: How to Rebuild Our World From Scratch (37 page)

cast,
136
,
137
,
276

disulfide,
222

gall ink,
213
–14,
218
–19

pig,
136
–37

pyrite,
227

smelting,
135
–36,
137

sulfate,
214

wrought,
276

Japan,
13

kerosene,
108
–9

knowledge,
210
,
277
,
278
,
279
–80,
287

lactobacillus bacteria,
88

Laennec, René,
152

lampblack,
219

lamps:

arc,
178

electric,
177
–78

fluorescent,
142

light bulbs for,
142
,
178
,
180
,
183
,
227
,
290

oil,
108
–9,
184

language,
210

lard,
113
,
115

Las Vegas, Nev.,
45

latex,
194

lathe,
132
–35,
134
,
205
,
206

latitude,
267
–69,
270

lavender,
155

lead sulfide,
222

Leblanc, Nicolas,
244
–45

Leeuwenhoek, Antoni Van,
160
n

legumes,
70
,
71
,
73
,
248

lenses,
142
–43,
161

Leonardo da Vinci,
97
,
201
,
213

light:

electric,
177
–78

see also
lamps

light bulbs,
142
,
178
,
180
,
183
,
227
,
290

lignin,
211
,
212

lime,
109
–12,
115
,
120
,
139
,
212

mortars,
126
,
127
–29

quicklime,
110
–12,
139
,
140
,
233
,
245

slaked (limewater),
111
,
112
,
115
,
120
,
127
,
212
,
237

limestone,
110
,
111
,
237
,
245

linen,
96
,
211

linseed oil,
219

liquified petroleum gas (LPG),
191

livestock,
69
,
71
–73,
146
–47,
247

location, determining,
253
–54,
265
–74

compass for,
265
–66,
276

latitude in,
267
–69,
270

longitude in,
267
–68,
270
–71

sextant for,
269
–70,
269
,
273

lodestones,
265

London,
28

longitude,
267
–68,
270
–71

Lord of the Flies
(Golding),
22
,
35
n

Los Angeles, Calif.,
45

Lovelock, James,
7
–8

lye,
115
,
116
,
190

Mad Max,
2

“Mad Max” scenario,
24

Magellan, Ferdinand,
199

magnesium,
233

magnetism,
12

electromagnetism,
174
,
176
–77,
184
,
220
–25

magnetometer,
288

Maillard reaction,
79

maize (corn),
53
–54,
66
,
67
,
84
n,
86

malaria,
155
,
160

Manhattan,
256
n,
266
–67,
268
,
270

manure,
61
,
69
,
70
,
73
–76,
237
,
243
,
247
,
250

materials,
103
,
123
–44

clay,
124
–25

glass,
see
glass

lime mortars,
126
,
127
–29

metals,
see
metals

plastics,
49
–50,
116
,
118
,
235
n,
279

wood,
see
wood

mathematics,
288

Matheson, Richard,
24

Mayan civilization,
145

McCarthy, Cormac,
2

McVeigh, Timothy,
250
n

measles,
147

measures and units,
287
–88

barometer,
141
,
144
,
284
–86

metric system,
282
–84

for temperature,
see
temperature measurement

meat,
67
,
69
,
73

preserving,
82

mechanization, loss of,
195
–201,
197

medicine,
6
,
144
,
145
–64

childbirth and neonatal care,
149
–50

clinical trials in,
157

examination and diagnosis,
150
–54

infectious diseases,
112
,
147
–48

microbiology,
160
–64

surgery,
151
,
155
,
158
–59

medicines,
6
,
42
–44,
154
–57,
279

antibiotics,
see
antibiotics

expiration dates on,
43
–44

for pain relief,
155
–57,
158
–59

medieval Europe,
170
–71,
275
–76

Mendeleev, Dmitri,
234
–35

menthol,
155
–56

mercury,
286

Mesopotamia,
138

metals,
49
,
104
,
110
,
130
–38

alloys,
130
,
195
,
235
n

aluminum,
115
n,
132
,
133
,
174
n,
232
–33

iron,
see
iron

smelting,
135
–36,
137
,
140
,
249

steel,
29
,
49
,
124
,
130
–32,
136
–38,
277

welding,
131
–32

metalworking,
132
–35,
133
,
134
,
195
,
200

methane,
74
,
191
,
193
,
249

methanol,
118
–19,
190

metric system,
282
–84

microbiology,
160
–64

microorganisms,
80
,
81
,
279
,
291

microphone,
225
–26

microscope,
141
,
143
–44,
160
–61,
288

milk,
39
,
84
,
85
,
92

Millennium Seed Bank,
54

Miller, Walter M., Jr.,
123

millet,
66
,
67
,
86

mill pond,
168

millstone,
86
,
95

mirror,
240
n

Moldova,
3
n

morphine,
156

Morse code,
221

mortars, lime,
126
,
127
–29

motor, car,
173

Napoleon I, Emperor,
282
n

Napoleon III, Emperor,
233
n

nature,
279
,
287

urban spaces reclaimed by,
26
–30,
27
,
106

navigation,
see
location, determining

New Orleans, La.,
20
–21

New York City,
256
n,
266
–67,
268
,
270

nitrates,
237
,
238
,
243
,
247
,
248

nitric acid,
121
–22,
159
,
238
,
247
,
250

nitrocellulose,
238

nitrogen,
69
,
70
,
72
,
73
,
75
,
88
,
115
,
178
,
238
,
247
–51

in Haber-Bosch process,
57
,
232
,
248
–51

nitroglycerin,
238

nitrous oxide,
159
,
250

Nobel, Alfred,
238

north pole,
263
–65,
264

North Star (Polaris),
263
,
269

nuclear war,
22

oats,
60
,
66
,
67

Off-Gridders,
48

oil, crude,
116
,
119
–20,
189
,
279

oil lamps,
108
–9,
184

oil paints,
219

oils,
see
fats and oils

Oklahoma City bombing,
250
n

opium,
156

oral rehydration therapy (ORT),
148

Oryx and Crake
(Atwood),
103

oscillator,
257
–58,
271

oscillator circuit,
224
–25

oxen,
195
,
196

oxidizing agents (oxidants),
104
,
236
,
238

oxygen,
232
,
233
,
279

explosives and,
236

“Ozymandias” (Shelley),
209

pain relief,
155
–57,
158
–59

paints,
118

oil,
219

pandemic,
23

Pantheon,
29

paper,
210
–13,
215
,
218
,
232
,
238
,
243
,
276

pasteurization,
92

pathology,
154

pellagra,
84
n

Pelton turbine,
181
,
181
,
182

pen,
214

pendulum,
283

clock,
257
–59,
271
,
289
–90

Foucault’s,
256
n

penicillin,
12
,
162
,
163
–64

periodic table,
234
–35,
242

pesticides and herbicides,
57
,
77
n,
279

Petri dishes,
161
,
162

pharmaceutical compounds,
see
medicines

phones,
3
–4,
13
,
50
–51

phosphorus,
57
,
75
–76,
110

photography,
104
,
114
,
122
,
235
,
238
,
239
–42

observing stars and,
263
,
265

pickling,
84
,
89
,
91
–92,
118

piezoelectric crystal,
226

piston,
173

pitch,
119

plastic bottles, for solar water disinfection,
37
–38

plastics,
49
–50,
116
,
118
,
235
n,
279

plate tectonics,
279

plow,
58
,
60
–61,
62
,
63
,
195

Polaris,
263
,
269

polyethylene terephthalate (PET),
50

poppy,
156

population,
24
–25

potash,
17
,
76
,
114
,
115
,
120
,
139
,
212
,
233
,
234
,
237
,
243
–44,
249

potassium,
57
,
75
,
76
,
114
,
233
,
234

bitartrate,
226

carbonate,
114

hydroxide,
115
,
190
,
249

nitrate (saltpeter),
237
–38,
248
,
250

sodium tartrate,
226

potatoes,
60
,
65
,
67

potter’s wheel,
125
,
203
,
206

pottery vessels,
80
–81,
95
,
124
–26

POW radios in World War II,
226
-27

power,
see
energy and power

Preppers,
21
,
33
,
48

pressure gauge,
284
–85

printing,
214
–20,
276

printing press,
12
–13,
215
–19