The Lost Treasure of the Knights Templar (42 page)

1
. Frederick Pohl,
Prince Henry Sinclair
(New York: Clarkson Potter, 1974), p. 130.

2
. Peter Firstbrook,
The Voyage of the Matthew
(San Francisco: KQED Books and Tapes, 1997), pp. 87–105.

3
. Magnus Magnusson and Hermann Palsson,
The Vinland Sagas,
(New York: Penguin, 1965), p. 8.

4
. Ibid., p. 22.

5
. Frederick Pohl,
Atlantic Crossings Before Columbus
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1961), pp. 38–39.

6
. Tim Severin,
The Brendan Voyage
(New York: Avon, 1978), pp. 11–35.

7
. Patrick Huyghe,
Columbus Was Last
(New York: Hyperion, 1992), p. 142.

8
. Magnusson and Palsson,
op. cit.,
p. 19; Hjalmar Holand,
Explorations in America Before Columbus,
(New York: Twayne Publishers, 1958), p. 104.

9
. Pohl,
Atlantic Crossings Before Columbus
, p. 137.

10
. Hjalmar R. Holand,
Explorations in America before Columbus
(New York: Twayne Publishers, 1958), pp. 79–88.

11
. Arlington Mallery and Mary Roberts Harrison,
The Rediscovery of Lost America
(New York: E. P. Dutton, 1951), pp. 138–140, 163–66.

12
. Holand,
op. cit.,
pp. 154–60.

13
. Huyghe,
op. cit.,
p. 154.

14
. Peter Schledermann, “Eskimo and Viking Finds in the High Arctic,”
National Geographic,
vol. 159, no. 5 (May 1981): pp. 575–601.

15
. Mallery and Harrison,
op. cit.,
pp. xiii–xv.

16
. Huyghe,
op. cit.,
p. 142.

17
. Barry Fell,
America B.C.
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1976), pp. 283–84.

18
. Severin,
op. cit.,
p. 13.

19
. Charles H. Hapgood,
Maps of the Ancient Sea Kings
(New York: E. P. Dutton, 1966), pp. 124–32.

20
. Harwood,
op. cit.,
pp. 130–32.

1
. Anna Ritchie,
Viking Scotland
(London: B. T. Batsford Ltd., 1993), pp. 44–76.

2
. Lawrence Millman,
Last Places: A Journey in the North
(New York: Vintage Books, 1990), pp. 54–60.

3
. Deanna Swaney,
Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands
(Hawthorn, Victoria: Lonely Planet, 1994), pp. 528–29.

4
. John Julius Norwich,
A History of Venice
(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1982), pp. 254–55.

5
. Frederick Pohl,
Prince Henry Sinclair
, pp. 81–83. The late Frederick Pohl had been on the trail of the Sinclair expedition since 1943. In several works he wrote of the Sinclair-Zeno voyage, and they are the most extensive modern source on the voyage.

6
. William Herbert Hobbs, “The Fourteenth-Century Discovery of America by Antonio Zeno,”
Scientific Monthly,
vol. 72 (January 1951): pp. 24–31.

7
. Severin,
op. cit.,
pp. 107–9.

8
. Swaney,
op. cit.,
p. 518.

9
. Pohl,
Prince Henry Sinclair,
pp. 110–11.

10
. Hobbs,
op. cit.

11
. Ibid.

12
. Pohl,
Prince Henry Sinclair,
pp. 130–31.

13
. Andrew Sinclair,
The Sword and the Grail
(New York: Crown, 1992), p. 147.

14
. Pohl,
Atlantic Crossings Before Columbus
p. 196.

15
. Lawrence F. Willard, “Westford’s Mysterious Knight,”
Yankee
42 (April 1958): 61–62.

16
. Frank Glynn and T. C. Lethbridge, personal correspondence.

17
. Herbert B. Livesay,
The Gunn Salute,
vol. 17, no. 3 (March 1987).

18
. North Ludlow Beamish,
The Norse Discovery of America.
Edited by Rasmus Anderson. (London: Norroena Society, 1906) p. 239.

19
. Hjalmar R. Holand,
op. cit.
, pp. 218–25.

20
. Sinclair,
op. cit.,
pp. 144–47.

21
. Holand,
op. cit.,
pp. 216–18.

22
. Pohl,
Atlantic Crossings Before Columbus,
pp. 171–72.

23
. Samuel Eliot Morison,
The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1971), p. 504.

24
. Arlington Mallery and Mary Roberts Harrison,
The Rediscovery of Lost America,
(New York: E. P. Dutton, 1979), pp. 154–59 of the 1979 edition.

25
. Arthur M. Reeves, in Anderson, ed.,
The Norse Discovery of America,
p. 31.

26
. Mallery and Harrison, pp. 154–55.

27
. Charles H. Hapgood,
op. cit.,
pp. 124–32 of the revised 1979 edition.

28
. Ibid.

29
. Mallery and Harrison,
op. cit.,
p. 154.

30
. Morison,
The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages,
p. 504.

31
. Ibid., p. 608.

32
. Mallery and Harrison,
op. cit.,
p. 158.

33
. Pohl,
Prince Henry Sinclair,
pp. 132–54.

34
. Mallery and Harrison,
op. cit.,
Appendix C, pp. 239–42.

35
. Pohl
, Prince Henry Sinclair,
pp. 132–54.

36
. Barry Fell,
America B.C.,
pp. 247–51.

37
. Mallery and Harrison,
op. cit.,
Appendix C, pp. 239–42.

1
. Leonard A. Morrison,
A History of the Sinclair Family
(Boston: Damrell and Upham, 1896), p. 37.

2
. Frederick Pohl,
Prince Henry Sinclair,
p. 172.

3
. Andrew Sinclair,
op. cit,
pp. 127–50.

4
. Morison,
The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages
, pp. 5–6.

5
. Pohl,
Prince Henry Sinclair,
p. 178.

6
. Charles H. Hapgood,
op. cit.,
pp. 128–29.

7
. Samuel Eliot Morison,
The European Discovery of America: The Southern Voyages
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1974), p. 97.

8
. John Noble Wilford,
The Mapmakers
(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1981), pp. 73–77.

9
. Ibid.

10
. Morison,
The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages,
pp. 157–80.

11
. Christopher Hibbert,
Venice: The Biography of a City
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1989), p. 39. Also see John Julius Norwich,
A History of Venice
(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1982), pp. 249, 252, 254–55.

12
. Pohl,
Prince Henry Sinclair,
p. 82.

13
. Jean Markale,
Celtic Civilization
(London: Gordon & Cremonesi, 1978), p. 69.

14
. Inge Ingus,
Baedekers Great Britain
(London: Jarrold and Sons) p. 282.

15
. Pohl,
Prince Henry Sinclair,
p. 86.

16
. Morrison,
op. cit.,
p. 55.

17
. Pohl,
Prince Henry Sinclair,
pp. 179, 181.

18
. Morrison,
op. cit.,
pp. 17–30.

19
. Ibid., p. 17.

20
. David C. Douglas,
The Norman Achievement
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969), pp. 173–74.

21
. Sinclair,
op. cit.,
pp. 27–35.

22
. Ronald McNair Scott,
Robert the Bruce: King of Scots
(New York: Peter Bedrick Books, 1989), pp. 15–16.

23
. Ibid., p. 73.

24
. Ibid., pp. 145–65.

25
. Sinclair,
op. cit.,
pp. 45–50.

26
. Morrison,
op. cit.,
p. 37.

27
. Douglas,
op. cit.,
pp. 35–36.

28
. Morrison,
op. cit.,
p. 37.

29
. Sinclair,
op. cit.,
pp. 77– 86.

1
. Michael Baigent and Richard Leigh,
The Temple and the Lodge
(New York: Arcade Publishing, 1989), pp. 195–96.

2
. Ibid., pp. 34–37.

3
. John J. Robinson,
Born in Blood: The Lost Secrets of Freemasonry
(New York: M. Evans and Co., 1989), pp. 153–55.

4
. Ibid., pp. 141–43.

5
. Ibid., pp. 63-78.

6
. Peter Partner,
The Murdered Magicians
(New York: Barnes and Noble Books, 1987), pp. 3, 4, 8–10.

7
. Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh, and Henry Lincoln,
Holy Blood, Holy Grail
(New York: Dell Publishing, 1982), p. 418.

8
. Robinson,
Born in Blood,
p. 66.

9
. Ibid., pp. 67–68.

10
. Ibid., pp. 62–65.

11
. Ibid.

12
. Robert Payne,
The Dream and the Tomb
(New York: Stein and Day, 1984), pp. 125–26.

13
. Malcolm Barber,
The New Knighthood
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), pp. 64–114. Barber describes incidents of almost suicidal bravery, including the Battle of Hattim, where only five knights survived, and the Battle of Ascalon, where forty knights attacked a city.

14
. Norman Cohn,
Europe’s Inner Demons
(New York: Basic Books, 1975), p. 22, 55–58.

15
. Zoe Oldenbourg,
Massacre at Montsegur
(London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1961), p. 361.

16
. James Henderson, “In the Steps of Unrepentant Heretics,”
Financial Times,
March 18/19, 1995.

17
. Robinson,
Born in Blood,
pp. 123–26.

18
. Ibid
.

19
. Ibid., pp. 150–51.

20
. Baigent and Leigh,
op. cit.,
pp. 1–13.

21
. Richenda Miers,
Scotland
(Chester, Conn., Globe Pequot Press, 1989), p. 473.

22
. Partner,
op. cit.,
p. 138.

23
. Baigent, Leigh, and Lincoln,
Holy Blood, Holy Grail,
pp. 82–83.

24
. Lionel and Patricia Fanthorpe,
Secrets of Rennes-Le-Chateau
(York Beach, Maine: Samuel Weiser, 1992), p. 91.

25
. Geoffrey of Monmouth,
The History of the Kings of Britain
(New York: Penguin, 1969), p. 222.

26
. Robert Bain,
Clans and Tartans of Scotland
(London and Glasgow: Collins, 1938), pp. 112, 280.

27
. Ian Grimble,
Scottish Clans and Tartans
(New York: Tudor, 1973), pp. 101–2.

28
. Lloyd and Jenny Laing,
The Picts and the Scots
(Dover, N.H.: Alan Sutton, 1993), p. 5.

29
. Norma Lorre Goodrich,
Guinevere
(New York: HarperCollins, 1991) pp. 5, 50–58.

30
. Scott,
op. cit.,
pp. 81–85.

31
. Ibid., pp. 85–89.

32
. Baigent, and Leigh,
op. cit.,
pp. 63–76.

33
. Ibid., p. 117.

34
. Ibid., pp. 101–2.

35
. Miers,
op. cit.,
pp. 148–49.

Chapter 7