The Lupus Book: A Guide for Patients and Their Families, Third Edition (55 page)

infants,
165–67

La (SSB) antibodies,
247

infections: defined,
236;
diagnosing,
237–38;

late-onset SLE,
168–69

fatal,
260;
infectious process,
173;

Latinos,
13

preventing,
238–39;
sinus,
123;
and steroids,

L-canavanine,
45, 185–86

224;
treating,
238

leflunomide,
227–28,
228

inflammation: and arthritis,
175;
association

legal issues of lupus,
253–54

with lupus,
37, 175;
and fatigue,
192;
and

leprosy,
231–32

fever,
63;
as immune response,
17–22;

leukocytes.
See
white blood cells (leukocytes)

impact on productivity,
252;
inflammatory

levamisole,
235

bowel disease,
137;
inflammatory myositis,

Libman-Sacks endocarditis,
99–100, 161

174–75;
and lymphocytes,
26;
mixed

Life Events Inventory,
199

connective tissue disease (MCTD),
7, 67,

ligaments,
79,
80

90, 173–75;
and natural killer cells,
26;
and

lipstick,
45

neutrophils,
22–25, 26;
and pain,
199;
and

livedoid vasculitis,
75

scleroderma,
175;
and stress,
200;
therapies

livedo reticularis,
70, 75,
113,
161, 172

for,
207–12.
See also
nonsteroidal anti-

liver,
134,
140–43, 211

inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

local steroids,
220–21

influenza,
238–39

lovage,
189

[286]

Index

L-tryptophan,
45,
189,
205

menopause,
230, 240

lumbar puncture (spinal tap),
107, 119

menstrual problems,
129–30, 153, 156, 225–

lungs,
85–94,
86

26, 243

lupoderma,
174

mesenteric infarction,
138–39

lupoid hepatitis,
140–41, 142–43

mesenteric vasculitis,
138–39, 260

lupus anticoagulant,
159–60, 162–63, 164, 258

metabolic system,
223

lupus band test,
76,
77,
171, 172

metabolites,
219

lupus clusters,
47

metals,
45

lupus cystitis,
150

methotrexate,
226–27,
228,
243, 246

Lupus Foundation of America,
xi,
11, 12, 195,

methyldopa,
53

197

methylprednisolone,
221,
222

lupus gene,
35, 248

Mexican border clinics,
205–6

lupus headache,
109–10,
113

microscopic polyangiitis,
175

lupus myelitis,
110–11

Mikulicz’s syndrome,
126

lupus nephritis,
64, 145–48, 149, 211

mineral supplements,
205

lupus panniculitis,
70, 76

miscarriages,
129

lymphadenopathy,
157

misoprostol,
137, 212

lymphatic system,
18–20, 23, 152–58, 233–34

mistletoe,
189

lymphocytes: abnormalities,
36;
activation of,

mitral valve prolapse,
100,
113

25;
in antibody production,
24
;
blood

mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD),
7,

filtering,
233–34;
chemotherapy’s impact on,

67, 90, 173–75

155;
described,
18;
formation of,
19
;
and monoarticular arthritis,
80

inflammation process,
26;
and steroids,
219;

monocytes,
18,
19, 21,
23–24

types of,
21

mononeuritis multiplex,
112

lymphopharesis,
234

mortality in lupus patients,
259–60

mothers,
166–67

Mackay, Ian,
142

Mount Sinai Hospital,
9

macrophages,
21,
23, 24,
24

mouth symptoms,
72, 123–24

magnesium salicylates,
208

movement disorders,
106

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),
86, 119

mucosal ulcerations,
70, 72

major histocompatibility complex (MHC),
39–

multiple sclerosis,
107, 117

40,
40

musculoskeletal system,
78–84;
avascular

malabsorption,
138

necrosis,
83;
bone marrow,
19
;
bone

malaise,
64.
See also
fatigue

mineralization study,
240–41;
bone scans,

malar rash,
9, 70, 73

171;
joints,
78–82,
79
;
muscle pain,
82–83,

malnutrition,
173

191;
muscle relaxants,
179;
osteoporosis,
83,

managing lupus,
230–35

231, 240–41, 258;
and the rheumatic review,

marigold,
187

61;
soft tissues,
78–82;
and steroids,
223

marriage issues,
202–3

myalgias,
82–83, 191

Massachusetts General Hospital,
9–10

myasthenia gravis,
117

Mayo Clinic,
10, 11

mycophenolate mofetil,
150, 227–28,
228,
264

meclofenamate,
211

myocardial dysfunction,
98–99

Medicare,
253–54

myocardial infarction,
100–102

medications: adverse reactions,
116–17, 168,

myocarditis,
97–98, 244

186, 202, 204–5, 217–18, 223–24, 224–25,

myofascial pain,
81

227, 230, 232;
compliance issues,
204–5,

myositis,
4, 7, 82, 121, 173, 174–75

257;
for depression,
201, 203;
disease

modifying drugs,
214–29;
drug approach to

nabumetone,
211

lupus,
181;
for fatigue,
193;
future of,
263–

naproxen,
210

64;
for infections,
238;
noncontraceptive,

nasal calcitonin,
241

230–31;
and pregnancy,
244–46;
safety of,

nasal symptoms,
72, 123

263.
See also specific drugs

National Arthritis Data Workshop,
11

meditation,
199, 204

National Institutes of Health (NIH),
207

meloxicam,
210

Native Americans,
13, 256

meningitis, aseptic,
105

natural killer cells,
18–20,
19, 21, 24,
26

Index

[287]

nausea,
136

panniculitis,
70, 76

neck,
121

paralysis,
105–6, 112

neonatal lupus,
12, 102, 165–67

parasitic organisms,
237

nephritis: glomerulonephritis,
144–45, 146–48;

parathyroid hormone,
241

interstitial,
149;
nephrotic syndrome,
64,

Parkinson’s disease,
117

145–49, 211, 256;
and pregnancy,
244

partial thromboplastin time (PTT),
66, 163

nephrons,
144

passion flowers,
189

nervous system.
See
central nervous system

pemphigoid lupus,
76

(CNS)

penicillin,
50

nettle,
189

peppermint,
190

neurologic manifestations of lupus,
61–62, 105–

peptic ulcer disease,
137

6, 118–20

percussion,
61

neutrophils,
17,
21,
26, 30, 237

pericardiectomy,
97

New Zealand green-lipped mussel,
189

pericardium,
95, 96–97

nicotine,
194

peripheral nervous system,
106, 112, 232

nitrogen mustard,
225,
228,
243–44, 246

peritoneal dialysis,
232

non-organ-threatening disease,
7–8, 179

peritoneum,
134

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs):

petechiae,
156

and anemia,
153;
and aseptic meningitis,
50;

Petri, Michelle,
194, 265–66

blood problems,
157;
choosing,
210–11;

phagocytes,
24

classes of,
209
;
CNS complications,
116;

phenobarbital,
53

and drug-induced lupus,
54;
and fevers,
63;

phenothiazine family of drugs,
53–54

future of,
261;
and GI problems,
136, 137;

phenylbutazone,
50, 205–6, 208–9, 258

and immune response,
23;
and infections,

phlebitis,
161

238;
liver dysfunction,
141;
precautions,
211–

phospholipids,
30, 159

12;
and pregnancy,
245, 248;
and renal

physical examinations,
61–62

function,
148;
research on,
264;
topical,
212;

pilocarpine,
126

types,
208–10,
209

piroxicam,
50, 210

nose,
72, 123

pituitary gland,
127,
128,
219–20

numbness,
106, 112,
113

placenta,
165, 251

nutrition,
184–86, 224,
241

Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine),
125–26, 215–

18, 245, 262

occupational therapy,
191

plasma,
17,
19, 21,
21–22,
24,
234

oligoarthritis,
80

plasmapheresis,
157, 234, 246–47

omeprazole,
137

platelets: antiplatelet antibodies,
30, 31, 157;

ondasetron,
226

defects,
157;
described,
17;
in diagnosing

opportunistic organisms,
117, 236

lupus,
65;
formation of,
19

optic neuritis,
122–23

pleurectomy,
89

oral steroids,
220

pleurisy,
87–89, 158

oral ulcers,
72

Pneumocystis carinii,
237

orbital myositis,
121

pokeroot,
190

organic brain syndrome,
115,
118

pollution,
47

organ-threatening lupus,
5, 7, 219

polyarteritis nodosa,
175

Osler, Sir William,
9, 104

polyarthritis,
80

osteoarthritis,
78

polymorphonuclear cells,
17,
19, 21

osteoporosis,
83, 231, 240–41, 258

polymorphous light eruption,
73

ovaries,
128

polymyalgia rheumatica,
12, 175

overlap syndrome,
7

polymyositis,
4, 173

oxaprozin,
210

positron emission tomography (PET) scans,

oxicam derivatives,
209

114, 119

postpartum periods,
250–51

palindromic rheumatism,
170

prayer,
204, 259

palmar erythema,
113

prednisolone,
221,
262

palpation,
61

prednisone,
220,
221,
241, 246–47

pancreas,
134,
139–40

pregnancy,
161, 243–51

[288]

Index

premenstrual syndrome (PMS),
130

rehabilitation,
191–92

prevalence of lupus,
11–13, 173

relaxation exercises,
204

preventive strategies,
257–59,
259

releasing hormones,
127

proactive strategies,
257–59

remission of lupus,
258–59

procainamide,
53

renal problems,
144–50;
biopsy patterns,
147
;

productivity,
252–54

failure,
157;
fatal,
260;
and fertility,
243;

profundus,
76

and hormonal pathways,
128
;
kidney

progesterone,
127, 250

function,
144;
monitoring,
148;
nephrotic

prolactin,
127, 131

syndromes,
64, 145–49, 211, 256;
and