The March of Folly (78 page)

44.
KENNEDY HINTS WITHDRAWAL TO MANSFIELD:
O’Donnell.

45.
INSTRUCTS MICHAEL FORRESTAL:
Forrestal to author.
“EASY; PUT A GOVERNMENT”:
O‘Donnell.
“WOULD MEAN COLLAPSE”:
q. Schlesinger, 989.
“WE ARE GOING TO STAY”:
17 July 63, PP, II, 824.

46.
“NO, I BELIEVE IT”:
NBC interview with Chet Huntley, PP, II, 828.

47.
RUSK, “STEADY MOVEMENT”:
q. Schlesinger, 986.

48.
NHUS SUSPECTED OF DEALING WITH ENEMY:
Ball, 370.

49.
“SOME QUITE FANTASTIC ACTION”:
State to Lodge, 29 Aug 63, unsigned, PP, II, 738.

50.
CONEIN LIAISON:
Ball, 371; for U.S. Involvement in Coup, see PP, II, 256–63, Documents, 734–51. lodge,
“THIS REPRESSIVE REGIME”:
PP, II, 742, para. 8.
WASHINGTON’S INSTRUCTIONS:
State to Lodge, 24 Aug 63, PP, II, 734; NSC to Lodge, 5 Oct 63, ibid., 257, 766.

51.
LODGE, “WE ARE LAUNCHED”:
ibid., 738.
“ASSASSINATION” OF NHUS:
to State from Lodge, 5 Oct 63, ibid., 767.

52.
ROBERT KENNEDY, “COMMUNIST TAKE-OVER”:
Sept 63, PP, II, 243. Hilsman, 106.

53.
BATTLE OF AP BAC:
Manning, ed.
Stakes
, 50–51.
COLONEL VANN:
Halberstam, 203–05.
DOD AND CINCPAC OPTIMISM:
Cooper, 480.

54.
RUFUS PHILLIPS REPORT:
PP, II, 245.
JOHN MECKLIN “IN DESPAIR”:
Mecklin,
X. KATTENBURG CONFERENCE:
PP, II, 241; Cohen, 190.
KATTENBURG PREDICTION:
Halberstam, 370.

55.
DE GAULLE SPEAKS:
NYT
, 30 Aug 63.
“AUTHORITATIVE SOURCES”:
ibid., from Washington,
“WIDE ANNOYANCE”
: ibid.

56.
“THEIR” WAR; KENNEDY, “IN THE FINAL ANALYSIS”:
interview with Walter Cronkite, Sept 1963, q. Wicker, 186.

57.
“YOU TWO DID VISIT”:
q. PP, III, 23, from Hilsman.

58.
PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENT, “BY THE END OF 1965”:
text in Raskin and Fall, 128–9.

5.
Executive War

1.
MADE UP HIS MIND NOT TO “LOSE”:
Bill Moyers to author.

2.
“I AM NOT GOING TO BE THE FIRST PRESIDENT”:
James Reston in
NYT,
1 Oct 67.
ALTERNATIVE VERSION:
Wicker, 205.

3.
VIET-CONG BROADCAST SUGGESTING CEASE-FIRE:
q. Wicker, 189, from Jean Lacouture,
Vietnam: Between Two Truces
, 1966, 170.
SECOND BROADCAST PICKED UP IN WASHINGTON:
Wicker, ibid.

4.
GENERAL “BIG” MINH AND SUCCESSORS’ FEELERS OPPOSED BY U.S.:
Joseph Kraft, “Washington Insight,”
Harper’s
, Sept 1965.

5.
MCNAMARA, “NEXT TWO OR THREE MONTHS”:
PP, II, 193.

6.
NYT
EDITORIAL:
3 Nov 63.

7.
RUSK, “WOULD LEAD TO OUR RUIN”:
q. Cohen, 258.
“A BILLION CHINESE”:
at a press conference,
NYT
, 13 Oct 67.
HANSON BALDWIN:
NYT Magazine
, 27 Feb 66.
SEN. JOSEPH CLARK:
at Senate FRC (Fulbright) hearings in 1966.

8.
JOHNSON ON “THEIR” WAR:
q. Wicker, 231–2.

9.
Maddox
,
“DESTRUCTIVE” ACTION:
PP, III, 150–1.
NAVAL UNITS:
Ball, 379.
“DESIST FROM AGGRESSIVE POLICIES”:
JCSM em. 19 May 64, PP, III. 511.

10.
HONOLULU CONFERENCE:
PP, III, 171–7; Ball, 375–9.

11.
“ADMISSION THAT THE GAME WAS UP”:
q. Gelb, 115.

12.
NUCLEAR OPTION:
PP, III, 175; Rusk, PP, II, 322; McNamara, PP, III, 238.

13.
MCNAMARA, “AT LEAST THIRTY DAYS”:
ibid., 176.

14.
FULBRIGHT’S MOTIVES FOR TONKIN RESOLUTION:
Hoopes,
Limits
, 25–6.
TONKIN DEBATE IN FRC: SEN. NELSON:
Wicker, 223;
SEN. ERVIN:
Austin, 78;
SEN. MORSE TIPPED OFF BY PHONE CALL:
Austin, 68.

15.
MC NAMARA’S DENIAL:
ibid.

16.
“WELL, THOSE DUMB STUPID SAILORS”:
q. Ball, 379.

17.
DE GAULLE PROPOSES SETTLEMENT:
PP, II, 193;
INTERVIEW WITH BALL:
Ball, 377–8.

18.
U THANT’S PROPOSAL:
Kraslow and Loory, 102; Sevareid in
Look
, 30 Nov 65.

19.
“AS THOUGH I WERE ON THE TITANIC”:
q. Kraft,
Harper’s
, Dec 1967, in Raskin and Fall, 315–22.

20.
“SHATTER MY PRESIDENCY” AND ALL OTHER REMARKS QUOTED IN THIS PARAGRAPH:
Kearns, 253, 257.

21.
CIA, “LIKELY THAT NO OTHER NATION”:
PP, III, 178.

22.
WORKING GROUP’S WARNING:
PP, III, 217.

23.
BALL’S MEMORANDUM:
Ball, 380–6, 390–2.

24.
“RAGGEDY-ASS LITTLE FOURTH-RATE COUNTRY”:
q. Manning, ed.,
Stakes
, 183.

25.
BUNDY’S MEMORANDUM:
7 Feb 65, PP, III, 309, 687–9.

26.
TAYLOR, “DEMOLISHED HOMELAND”:
Taylor, 403.

27.
MCNAUGHTON, “WITHOUT UNACCEPTABLE TAINT”:
plan of action addressed to McNamara 24 Mar 65, PP, III, 695.

28.
TUESDAY LUNCH:
Graff, passim; Evans and Novak, 553–5.

29.
PRESIDENT WOULD GET UP AT 3 A.M.:
Kearns, 270.

30.
MICHIGAN “TEACH-IN” AND 122 CAMPUSES CONNECTED BY TELEPHONE:
Powers, 55, 61.
BERKELEY FACULTY STATEMENT:
ibid., 80.

31.
THE WHITE PAPER:
28 Feb 65, PP, III, 728.

32.
MCNAMARA, “THE MOST FLAGRANT CASE”:
q.
St. Louis Post-Dispatch
, Spec. Supp., D7.

33.
COMBAT DISCUSSIONS:
PP, III, chap. 3, “Air War in North Vietnam”; chap. 4, “American Troops Enter Ground War.”

34.
RUSK NOTE TO NORTH VIETNAM EMBASSY IN MOSCOW:
Kraslow, 122.

35.
TAYLOR EXPLAINS ATTRITION:
Senate FRC hearings, 1966.

36.
ON DECLARATION OF WAR:
Summers, 21–9; Nitze, in Thompson and Frizzell, 7.

37.
MC NAMARA, “WITHOUT AROUSING THE PUBLIC IRE”:
q. by Douglas Rosenberg as epigraph for “Arms and the American Way” in Russett, 170. Subsequently quoted in Summers, 18. Mr. Rosenberg lacks record of the original source.

38.
NASSER’S REPLY ON LIMITED WAR:
q. Roche, Am. Enterprise, Debate, 137, from Mohamed Heikal,
Cairo Documents
, New York, 1973.

39.
PAUL CONRAD CARTOON:
Los Angeles Times
, 4 Apr 65.

40.
SUICIDE SEEMED TOO CRAZED:
NYT
editorial, 11 Nov 65.

41.
AFL-C10 COUNCIL:
Hardin, 94.

42.
DEARBORN REFERENDUM:
NYT
, 1 Nov and 10 Nov 66.

43.
LIPPMANN DENIES “EXTERNAL AGGRESSION”:
Steel, 565.

44.
MOYERS NETWORK:
Moyers to author; Anderson, 341.

45.
EMBASSY PROPOSES “TERMINATING OUR INVOLVEMENT”:
Taylor, q. Lake, 297.

46.
GALBRAITH, “OVERWHELMING ODDS”:
Galbraith, 469, n. 7.

47.
SEN. RUSSELL PRIVATELY EXHORTED:
William P. Bundy to author;
PROPOSES POLL OF VIETNAMESE OPINION:
PP, IV, 98.

48.
A JOURNALIST RECALLS:
Herbert Mitgang to author.

49.
CLIFFORD IN PRIVATE LETTER:
17 May 65, q. Gelb, 371, from LBJ papers.

50.
MC NAUGHTON, “70 PERCENT TO AVOID”:
PP, III, 695.

51.
MC NAMARA-WHEELER ON “WINNING”:
PP, IV, 290–2.

52.
“WORKING THE LEVERS”:
Ball, 376.

53.
SEVAREID, HANOI HAD AGREED:
Sevareid, in
Look
, 30 Nov 65.

54.
St. Louis Post-Dispatch
ON JOHNSON DENIALS:
Spec. Supp., D4
.

55.
ITALIAN MISSION:
Kraslow, 130–1. All the foreign missions seeking negotiation are detailed in this book.

56.
WARSAW TALKS:
Gelb, 152 ff. from 4 vols, of PP dealing with foreign negotiations, unpublished at the time of writing.

57.
MCNAUGHTON STATES DILEMMA:
PP, IV, 48.

58.
$2 BILLION A MONTH:
Wicker, 271.

59.
300 ACRES OF RICE:
Powers, 224; on extent of defoliation, see Lewy, 258.

60.
“HUTS GO UP IN … FLAME”:
ibid., 223, quoting Frank Harvey,
Air War—Vietnam
, New York, 1968.

61.
Ladies Home Journal:
Jan 1967
.

62.
CONGRESS “SURPRISINGLY PATIENT”:
Taylor, 321.

63.
300 PENTAGON LOBBYISTS:
Hardin, 83.

64.
HUMPHREY, “IF YOU FEEL AN URGE”:
q. Powers, 48.

65.
FULBRIGHT REGRETTED TONKIN ROLE:
Wilcox, 29.

66.
SENATE FRC HEARINGS:
see under U.S. Congress, rusk: on 28 Jan and 18 Feb.
EISENHOWER DENIAL OF COMMITMENT:
NYT
, 18 Aug 65, “Military Pledge to Saigon Is Denied by Eisenhower,” p. 1.

67.
TAYLOR AT HEARINGS:
17 Feb, 450.
FULBRIGHT ON AMERICAN REVOLUTION:
17 Feb, 441.
GAVIN:
8 Feb.
MORSE-TAYLOR ON “WEAKNESS”:
17 Feb, 454–5.
KENNAN:
10 Feb.

68.
ROCKEFELLER, “SUPPORT THE PRESIDENT”:
NYT
, 1 Feb 66.

69.
GUNNAR MYRDAL:
NYT Magazine
, 18 July 65.

70.
JASON BOMBING SURVEY:
PP, IV, 115–20, 166, 702–66.

71.
“WE ANTICIPATED … LIKE REASONABLE PEOPLE”:
Warnke, q. Gelb, 139, from oral interview in LBJ papers,
ANNUAL RATE OF 500,000 TONS:
Hanson Baldwin in
NYT
, 30 Dec 66.

72.
MC NAMARA’S DOUBTS:
halberstam, 630. PP (
NYT
), 510–16.
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, NOT WORTH THE COST:
PP, IV, 136.

73.
SILENT DEPARTURES:
Thomson, “Resigning from Government”; see also Graff, 24, and Studs Terkel, “Servant of the State: A Conversation with Daniel Ellsberg,”
Harper’s
, Feb 1972.

74.
“DEAN RUSK IS A RECORDED ANNOUNCEMENT”:
Halberstam, 634.

75.
LBJ, “WHO KNOWS HOW LONG”:
q. Graff, 104.

76.
“MINIMUM ESSENTIAL FORCE”:
PP, II, 511.

77.
PROTEST SEEN AS “ENCOURAGING THE COMMUNISTS”:
Harris, 67.

78.
JOHNSON’S RATING TURNS NEGATIVE:
ibid., 60.

79.
“SPIRITUAL CONFUSION”:
Beyond Vietnam
, 6.
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CHURCHES:
Logue and Patton, 324.
KING, “GREATEST PURVEYOR”:
NYT
, 5 Apr 67.

80.
“YOU VOTED IN ‘64 …”:
NYT, 6
Nov 66.

81.
LIPPMANN, “DECENT PEOPLE NO LONGER SUPPORT”:
Steel, 571.

82.
JAMES THOMSON LETTER:
NYT
, 4 June 67.

83.
GENERAL SHOUP, “POPPYCOCK”:
NYT
obit., 16 Jan 83.

84.
POLL, 48 YES, 48 NO:
Logue and Patton, 326.

85.
PHAM VAN DONG, “BASIS FOR SETTLEMENT”:
3 Jan 67, Cooper, 501.

86.
AMERICANS AND NORTH VIETNAMESE CONFERRED:
Kraslow, 167–74, Cooper, 346–7.

87.
TWO AMERICANS TO HANOI:
Ashmore and Baggs, Kraslow, 200.
U THANT, “CALCULATED RISK”:
ibid., 208.

88.
LBJ, “MORE THAN OUR PART”:
31 Dec 66.
LETTER TO HO CHI MINH:
Kraslow, 206.

89.
“DEEP CONVICTION IN HANOI”:
q. Gelb, 164, from unpublished PP vols.

90.
HAROLD WILSON-KOSYGIN NEGOTIATION:
Kraslow, 186–98, Herring, 168–9.

91.
MC NAUGHTON, “SUCCESSFULLY, OR ELSE”:
May 67 Memorandum for President, PP, IV, 477–9.

92.
“HE WAS A MISERABLE MAN”:
Moyers to author.

93.
STENNIS HEARINGS:
PP, IV, 199–204; Sharp, ibid., 191–7.

94.
MC NAMARA, “DESTROYING THE COUNTRYSIDE”:
q. Macpherson, 430–1.
COLLEAGUES STARED:
ibid.

95.
CIA, “SO INTOLERABLE”:
q. Cohen, 277.
STUDY IN DOLLAR VALUES:
PP, IV, 136.
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, SUPPLY ROUTES:
ibid., 223.
“WE ARE UNABLE TO DEVISE”:
ibid., 224–5.

96.
BOMB TOTAL 1.5 MILLION TONS:
PP, IV, 216.

97.
AUBRAC-MARCOVICH MISSION:
July 67, Kraslow.

98.
BURCHETT, “DEEP SKEPTICISM”:
Kraslow, 227–8.